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Cognitive FunctionMinimealNCT06353984

Effects of In-between Meal Products on Cognitive Function in the Elderly

A study testing Minimeal product and Reference product in people with Cognitive Function, run by Örebro University, Sweden at 1 site in Sweden.

Active, not recruiting

Under way, not looking for participants. Everyone needed has enrolled. The study is still running.

Official record
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Trial summary

The overall aim of the present 9-week intervention study is to determine how a healthy drinkable in between meal affects cognitive function and brain activity in healthy adults 70 years and older. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 70 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Cognitive Function
What is being tested?
Minimeal product and Reference product
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
114 participants
Where
1 siteSweden
Study dates
26 Aug 2024to 31 Jan 2027
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 70 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Signed informed consent prior to any study-related procedure
  • Age 70 years and above
  • Normal weight to overweight at the screening defined as BMI range 18.5-31.9
  • Willing to abstain from regular consumption of medication known to alter gastrointestinal function or inflammatory status after being included and during the study
  • Willingness to pick up study products and eat the products according to the instructions each day

Who cannot join

  • Diagnosis of type 1 and/or type 2 diabetes
  • Immobile (defined as the inability to participate in all study-related procedures)
  • History of complicated gastrointestinal surgery
  • Diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
  • Current diagnosis of psychiatric disease/s or syndromes
  • Current diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease
Show all 31Show fewer
  • Systemic use of antibiotics and/or steroid medication in the last 4 months prior to inclusion
  • Use of probiotics, prebiotics, fermented foods, kombucha, and any other product known to modulate gut microbiota composition in the last 2 months prior to inclusion
  • Use of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) more than 3 times a week in the last 2 months prior to inclusion
  • Use of statins
  • Consumption of any NSAID within 7 days of study start
  • Any condition which could interfere with intestinal barrier function (e.g. gluten sensitivity, lactose intolerance, celiac disease, IBS, IBD) as decided by the principal investigators' discretion
  • Vegetarian diet
  • Allergy to ingredients included in either investigational or reference products
  • Regular smoking, use of snuff, nicotine, or e-cigarette use
  • Drinking more than 9 standard cups of alcohol per week and/or more than 3 standard cups of alcohol per occasion
  • Regular use, for more than three times a week for the last 2 months and/or 7 days prior to inclusion, of medications which according to the principal investigator can have an anti-inflammatory effect or affect in any way the intestinal barrier function or have an impact on the study analysis (such as laxatives, anti-diarrheal, anti-cholinergic, etc.)
  • After being included in the study, starting any medication or treatment that could potentially influence the study participation and/or study analysis
  • Cerebral bleeding or history of cerebral bleeding
  • Claustrophobia
  • In operated apparatus (e.g., pacemaker)
  • Aneurysm clips or shunts in the head
  • Grenade-splinter or metal-splinter in the body (e.g., eyes)
  • Metal or electrodes in the body (e.g., temp-catheter, aorta stent, cochlea implant)
  • Comprehensive tooth-implants or prosthesis
  • Operated in the head or in the heart
  • Swallowed a video-capsule
  • Left-handed
  • Severe vision impairments
  • Being highly physically active, competing as a master athlete and/or partaking in physical demanding training more than four times per week, extreme exercising
  • Any other reason the investigator feels the subject is not suitable for participation in this aspect of the study

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Sweden1 site
  • Örebro University

    Örebro

Other trials in Sweden

About this study

Official title: Effects of a Nutritionally Balanced In-between Meal Food Product on Cognitive Function in the Elderly - an Explorative Study

The overall aim of the present 9-week intervention study is to determine how a healthy drinkable in between meal affects cognitive function and brain activity in healthy adults 70 years and older. Secondary, the study also investigates the impact of the intervention on low grade inflammation, immune function, gut health, body composition, physical function, and well-being as secondary or exploratory outcomes. The study products have the potential to lower chronic low-grade inflammation in the elderly, improve nutrition and thereby contribute to healthy aging including cognitive function, and the study will also give additional insight regarding secondary and exploratory outcomes.

Read the detailed description

The current study is a nine week three-arm randomized controlled trial that includes a double-blinded, two-armed intervention and a non-blinded comparative arm without any intervention. This study will investigate the effects of a healthy in between meal consisting of processed oats and chickpeas on cognitive function and functional brain activity in healthy older men and women 70 years and older (primary endpoints) and explore the effect of the intervention product on blood markers, body composition, physical activity, physical function, and self-reported well-being in the earlier mentioned population (secondary endpoint). Furthermore, the study will give insight in the preventative value of the intervention product on earlier mentioned age-related conditions as well as adherence to the study product and gives guidance towards further research regarding the effect of food product on age related conditions. Participants will visit the study centre at seven occasions, one time before (pre visit) and six times during the study period to perform one or more tests and/or examinations. The pre visit takes place before the baseline, visit 1 and 2 are at baseline, and visit 3 and 4 are the mid-study-visits in week 3 and 6 of the interventional period. Visit 5 and 6 take place at the last interventional week, ie week 9. Data and sample collection takes place as following:

  • visit 0: Eligibility screening and informed consent
  • Week 1: visit 1 baseline: Body composition, blood samples, fecal samples, questionnaires and physical activity and function, cognitive function
  • Week 1: visit 2 baseline fMRI: Structural MRI, RS-(MRI), N-back task fMRI, word recognition task
  • Week 3: visit 3 intermediate visit I: Body composition, blood samples, questionnaires, compliance
  • Week 6: visit 4 Intermediate visit I: Body composition, blood samples, questionnaires, compliance
  • Week 9: visit 5 study end: same procedure as visit 1
  • Week 9. Visit 6 study end: same procedure as visit 2
Being tested
Minimeal product, Reference product
Keywords
cognitive function

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Minimeal productDietary supplement

    Intervention product consisting of bioprocessed oats and chickpeas

  • Reference productDietary supplement

    Reference product mimicking available soups and fruit drinks

Study groups in NCT06353984
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Intervention groupExperimentalIntervention group receives the study product
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Minimeal product
Reference groupActive comparatorReference group receives a reference product
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Reference product
Control groupNo interventionNo intervention

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Functional brain activity

    Functional brain activity will be measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)) during the n-back task

    Measured: 9 weeks

Secondary outcomes (30)
  1. Fasting blood glucose/insulin

    Fasting blood glucose insulin will be taken and the HOMA index (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) expressed in mmol/L or mg/dL will be used to assess insulin resistance

    Measured: 9 weeks

  2. Blood fats/lipid status

    Blood fats/lipid status unit of measurement concentration given mmol/L

    Measured: 9 weeks

  3. Interleukin-6

    Concentration of interleukin-6 measured in in blood serum corrected for baseline, unit of measurement concentration given as pg/mL

    Measured: 9 weeks

  4. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein

    High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) measured in blood corrected for baseline, unit of measurement concentration given as mg/L

    Measured: 9 weeks

  5. Tumor necrosis factor

    Concentration of Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in blood serum corrected for baseline, unit of measurement concentration given as pg/mL

    Measured: 9 weeks

  6. Interferon-gamma

    Concentration of Interferon-gamma (IFN-Gamma) in blood serum corrected for baseline, unit of measurement concentration given as pg/mL

    Measured: 9 weeks

  7. Zonulin

    Zonulin (haptoglobin 2 precursor) is a protein that increases the permeability of tight junctions between cells of the wall of the digestive tract, measured in faeces.

    Measured: 9 weeks

  8. Intestinal fatty-acid binding protein

    Intestinal fatty-acid binding protein (I-FABP) measured in faeces

    Measured: 9 weeks

  9. Cognitive function

    Cognitive function will be assessed by an off-line multi-domain cognitive test battery computer-based, word recognition task

    Measured: 9 weeks

  10. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

    Resting state connectivity functional MRI (rsfMRI) and brain morphology from structural scans (brain and brain stem) are measured by MRI

    Measured: 9 weeks

  11. The Perceived Stress Scale

    The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire is used to measure the perception of stress in life and has 10 questions with the following options to answer: 0 = Never 1 = Almost Never 2 = Sometimes 3 = Fairly Often 4 = Very Often

    Measured: 9 weeks

  12. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

    The validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire will be used to assesses symptoms of depression and anxiety. The HADS has 7 questions related to depressions and 7 questions related to anxiety. A higher total score indicates more depression or anxiety with the following cut off scores: 0-7 = Normal 8-10 = Borderline abnormal (borderline case) 11-21 = Abnormal (case)

    Measured: 9 weeks

  13. SF 36

    The SF 36 (short form) questionnaire is used to assess general health Status. The SF-36 consists of 36 questions. Scores for the different domains are converted and pooled using a scoring key, for a total score indicating a range of low to high quality of life

    Measured: 9 weeks

  14. Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index

    To evaluate hip and knee osteoarthritis Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire is used. The WOMAC is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3 subscales. The test questions are scored on a scale of 0-4, which correspond to: None (0), Mild (1), Moderate (2), Severe (3), and Extreme (4). The scores for each subscale are summed up, with a possible score range of 0-20 for Pain, 0-8 for Stiffness, and 0-68 for Physical Function. A sum of the scores for all three subscales gives a total score

    Measured: 9 weeks

  15. Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation

    The translated and validated Swedish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE-GP) is used to evaluate psychological wellbeing. The CORE-GP consists of 34 questions about how they have been feeling over the last week, using a 5-point scale (not at all, only occasionally, sometimes, often, most or all the time. The scale covers four dimensions: subjective well-being, problems/symptoms, life functioning, risk/harm

    Measured: 9 weeks

  16. Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale

    To assess gastrointestinal symptoms the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaire is used. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions combined into five symptom clusters: reflux, abdominal pain, indigestion, diarrhoea and constipation. Each questions is rated on a 7-point likert scale where 1 represents absence of troublesome symptoms and 7 represents very troublesome symptoms

    Measured: 9 weeks

  17. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

    To assess sleep quality and sleep disturbances over a one-month time interval the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire is used. Each questionnaire's 19 self reported items belong to one of seven categories: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, daytime dysfunction. The questionnaire consists of a combination of likert-type and open-ended questions. Scores for each question range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating more acute sleep disturbances.

    Measured: 9 weeks

  18. International Physical Activity Questionnaire for the Elderly short form

    The International Physical Activity Questionnaire for the Elderly (IPAQ-E) short form consists of 4 questions regarding time spend sitting, walking, heavy physical activities or sport or very heavy activities or sport

    Measured: 9 weeks

  19. Historical Physical Activity Questionnaire

    The Historical Physical Activity Questionnaire HAPAQ assesses physical activity behaviour between the age of 20 to 65 years and consists of questions regarding physical activity, sports and labour performed per year, month and average minutes per week

    Measured: 9 weeks

  20. Food frequency questionnaire

    The Meal-Q Food frequency questionnaire is used to assess if participants have altered dietary patterns during the intervention. The questionnaire consists of 174 questions about foods, dishes and drinks (including alcoholic drinks) as well as pictures of different portion sizes for cooked dishes, questions about meal order, eating behaviour (with regard to restaurant visits, fast food, salad buffets, salt on food, consumption of diet products) and supplements.

    Measured: 9 weeks

  21. Physical activity

    Habitual physical activity will be assessed by accelerometery activity monitor during a week during waking time. Counts per minute are registered and converted into daily average times spent in sedentary behaviour, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity.

    Measured: Only at baseline (week 1)

  22. Muscle mass

    Muscle mass is assessed with bioelectrical impedance (BIA)

    Measured: 9 weeks

  23. Fat mass

    Fat mass is assessed with bioelectrical impedance (BIA)

    Measured: 9 weeks

  24. Body mass index

    Body mass index (BMI) is calculated as weight (in kg)/ height^2 (in m^2)

    Measured: 9 weeks

  25. Waist circumference

    Waist circumference is measured to the nearest 0.1 cm with a steel tape at the midpoint between iliac crest and lower costal marginBody mass index (BMI)

    Measured: 9 weeks

  26. Aerobic capacity

    Aerobic capacity is assessed by a maximal walk test on a graded treadmill (Modified Bruce Protocol) where a further stage and time into the stage indicates a better aerobic fitness

    Measured: 9 weeks

  27. Balance

    Balance by the single leg stance balance test with eyes open and eyes closed where longer time indicates a better balance

    Measured: 9 weeks

  28. 30-sec repeated chair raise

    Lower body muscle performance is assessed by the 30-sec repeated chair raise where more repetitions indicates a better performance

    Measured: 9 weeks

  29. Maximal leg strength

    Maximal leg strength is assessed by the leg press exercise where a larger amount in kilograms lifted indicates a higher maximal leg strength

    Measured: 9 weeks

  30. Maximal handgrip strength

    Maximal handgrip strength by the handgrip test where total amount of kilogram or kilogram per bodyweight indicates a higher total, or relative handgrip strength respectively

    Measured: 9 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted9 Apr 2024
  2. Study start26 Aug 2024
  3. Primary completionJan 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completion31 Jan 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Three-arm randomized controlled trial that includes a double-blinded, two-armed intervention and a non-blinded control arm without any intervention
Masking
Triple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
114 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06353984
Sponsor's protocol ID
Minimeal 1.0
Acronym
Minimeal
Status last verified
Feb 2026
First submitted
28 Feb 2024
Last updated
18 Feb 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Tingo L, Veen J, Andersson P, Chatzopoulou M, Rode J, Andersson K, Kaya I, Rascon A, Edholm P, Brummer R, Bergh C, Hutchinson AN. Effects of a Nutritionally Balanced Between-Meal Food Product on Brain Function in Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (the MiniMeal Study). JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Sep 17;15:e94648. doi: 10.2196/94648.

    PubMed 42752400

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Minimeal product and Reference product in people with Cognitive Function, run by Örebro University, Sweden at 1 site in Sweden.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 31 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Functional brain activity (time frame: 9 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06353984, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Feb 2026.

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