End Stage Kidney DiseaseNCT06356168
Virtual Reality in End Stage Kidney Disease
A study testing Social Virtual Reality and Individual Virtual Reality in people with End Stage Kidney Disease, run by University of Pennsylvania at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial to compare the social virtual reality and individual virtual reality in patients with end stage kidney disease who are hemodialysis. The main aim is to determine if there are differences in symptoms between the groups. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- End Stage Kidney Disease
- What is being tested?
- Social Virtual Reality and Individual Virtual Reality
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 54 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 30 Mar 2026to 15 Aug 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Diagnosis of end stage kidney disease with hemodialysis 3 times per week for at least 1 month
Who cannot join
- Acutely ill
- Active nausea
- Epilepsy
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
About this study
Official title: Social Virtual Reality to Alleviate Loneliness and Symptoms for Individuals Receiving Hemodialysis
The goal of this clinical trial to compare the social virtual reality and individual virtual reality in patients with end stage kidney disease who are hemodialysis. The main aim is to determine if there are differences in symptoms between the groups. Participants will use virtual reality glasses for 30-45 minutes during dialysis sessions for 4 weeks.
Read the detailed description
In a single site, 2-arm (Social Virtual Reality group; Individual Virtual Reality Group), parallel, randomized controlled trial we will enroll 60 subjects (n=30 per group) to assess the effects of Social Virtual Reality to Individual Virtual Reality on symptoms in participants with end stage kidney disease who are receiving hemodialysis.
To compare the effects of social virtual reality to individual virtual reality on loneliness To explore the effects of social virtual reality to individual virtual reality on anxiety and depression.
To compare the effects social virtual reality to individual virtual reality on quality of life.
- Conditions
- End Stage Kidney Disease
- Being tested
- Social Virtual Reality, Individual Virtual Reality
- Medical subject headings
- Kidney Failure, Chronic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Social Virtual RealityBehavioural
Participants interact using virtual reality during dialysis.
Individual Virtual RealityBehavioural
Participants use virtual reality alone during dialysis.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Social Virtual Reality | Experimental | Social Virtual Reality will be delivered using virtual reality glasses for 30-45 minutes during dialysis sessions. Groups of 3 participants will watch a movie or program together through the glasses. They will be able to talk and interact during the session. Receives: Behavioral: Social Virtual Reality |
| Individual Virtual Reality | Active comparator | Individual Virtual Reality will be delivered using virtual reality glasses for 30-45 minutes during dialysis sessions. Those randomized to this arm will watch a movie or program alone through the glasses. Receives: Behavioral: Individual Virtual Reality |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
De Jong Gierveld Scale
Measures how bad or severe a person's loneliness is. Score range from 11-44; higher scores indicate more loneliness.
Measured: Baseline and 4 Weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Apr 2024
- Study start30 Mar 2026
- Primary completion15 Aug 2026
- Study completion15 Aug 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for End Stage Kidney DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of PennsylvaniaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Pennsylvania
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Lea Ann Matura, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Pennsylvania
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06356168
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SVR/IVR
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 28 Mar 2024
- Last updated
- 7 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Social Virtual Reality to Alleviate Loneliness and Symptoms for Individuals Receiving Hemodialysis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06356168
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SVR/IVR
- Conditions
- End Stage Kidney Disease
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of PennsylvaniaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Aug 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Apr 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial to compare the social virtual reality and individual virtual reality in patients with end stage kidney disease who are hemodialysis. The main aim is to determine if there are differences in symptoms between the groups. Participants will use virtual reality glasses for 30-45 minutes during dialysis sessions for 4 weeks.
Detailed description
In a single site, 2-arm (Social Virtual Reality group; Individual Virtual Reality Group), parallel, randomized controlled trial we will enroll 60 subjects (n=30 per group) to assess the effects of Social Virtual Reality to Individual Virtual Reality on symptoms in participants with end stage kidney disease who are receiving hemodialysis.
To compare the effects of social virtual reality to individual virtual reality on loneliness To explore the effects of social virtual reality to individual virtual reality on anxiety and depression.
To compare the effects social virtual reality to individual virtual reality on quality of life.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Social Virtual Reality | Experimental | Behavioral: Social Virtual RealitySocial Virtual Reality will be delivered using virtual reality glasses for 30-45 minutes during dialysis sessions. Groups of 3 participants will watch a movie or program together through the glasses. They will be able to talk and interact during the session. |
| Individual Virtual Reality | Active comparator | Behavioral: Individual Virtual RealityIndividual Virtual Reality will be delivered using virtual reality glasses for 30-45 minutes during dialysis sessions. Those randomized to this arm will watch a movie or program alone through the glasses. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Diagnosis of end stage kidney disease with hemodialysis 3 times per week for at least 1 month
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Acutely ill
- Active nausea
- Epilepsy
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Social Virtual RealityParticipants interact using virtual reality during dialysis. | Behavioural | Social Virtual Reality |
| Individual Virtual RealityParticipants use virtual reality alone during dialysis. | Behavioural | Individual Virtual Reality |
Primary outcome
De Jong Gierveld Scale
Time frame: Baseline and 4 Weeks
Measures how bad or severe a person's loneliness is. Score range from 11-44; higher scores indicate more loneliness.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for End Stage Kidney Disease
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Microbiota Changes Related to Outcomes in Kidney Transplantation
End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD), Kidney Transplantation
Recruiting
Laser Acupuncture for Fatigue in Hemodialysis Patients
ESRD (End Stage Renal Disease), Dialysis
Active, not recruitingObservational study
Acetoacetate and Acetate Metabolism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Failure.(RENO-TEP)
Kidney Failure, Chronic
Active, not recruitingObservational study
Central Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity in Kidney Transplant Recipients
End Stage Renal Disease
RecruitingObservational study
Sensor-based Congestion ALert for Events in Peritoneal Dialysis (SCALE-PD)
Kidney Disease, Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Lea Ann Matura, PhD principal investigator
University of Pennsylvania
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Social Virtual Reality and Individual Virtual Reality in people with End Stage Kidney Disease, run by University of Pennsylvania at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
De Jong Gierveld Scale (time frame: Baseline and 4 Weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Oct 2026.