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PeriodontitisNCT06426550

Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease in Stages III and IV

A study testing Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (PDT), Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL) and Saline solution in people with Periodontitis and Periodontitis, Adult, run by Universidade Federal Fluminense at 1 site in Brazil.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation in the periodontitis treatment. To evaluate the clinical and microbiological response of conventional periodontal treatment associated with photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation with red or infrared laser. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 70 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Periodontitis, Periodontitis, Adult
What is being tested?
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (PDT), Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL) and Saline solution
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
20 participants
Where
1 siteBrazil
Study dates
6 May 2024to 2 Feb 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 70 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Adult participants with periodontal disease;
  • Four or more periodontal sites with PPD≥6 mm and CAL≥5 mm, non-adjacent;
  • Generalized periodontitis, with more than 30% of the sites involved (Caton et al., 2018);
  • Stages III and IV of periodontal disease (Caton et al., 2018);

Who cannot join

  • Participants with hypersensitivity to the components of the 0.005% methylene blue gel;
  • Received periodontal treatment in the last six months;
  • Drugs (alcoholics, use of anti-inflammatories and antibiotics in the last 3 months);
  • Any evidence of systemic modifying factors which may directly interfere with the completion of the work (bias), such as:
  • Pregnant and breastfeeding women;
  • Hormone replacement therapy;
Show all 10Show fewer
  • Smoking;
  • Hyperglycemia;
  • Osteoporosis;
  • Diagnosed with HIV+ or AIDS.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Brazil1 site
  • Fluminense Federal University

    Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, 28625650

Other trials in Brazil

About this study

The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation in the periodontitis treatment. To evaluate the clinical and microbiological response of conventional periodontal treatment associated with photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation with red or infrared laser.

Participants will receive periodontal treatment carried out with the use 0.005% methylene blue and laser therapy (photodynamic therapy), associated with conventional periodontal treatment, as well as the use of photobiomodulation with red or infrared laser associated with conventional periodontal treatment in participants with periodontitis. So, twenty periodontitis patients will be selected and separated in two groups compared with placebo. Clinical and microbiological parameters will be evaluated at baseline and 3 months after periodontal treatment: plaque Index, bleeding on probe, probing depth, gingival recession and clinical attachment level.

Read the detailed description

Periodontitis is a chronic, inflammatory and multifactorial disease, caused by an interaction between debiotic biofilm and its products and an exacerbated host response, leading to the progressive destruction of the supporting periodontium (bone, cement and periodontal ligament), causing loss of clinical attachment. and radiographic, bleeding on probing and periodontal pocket formation. Periodontal disease has a high prevalence and is one of the main causes of edentulism, with a great negative impact on chewing function, aesthetics and quality of life related to oral health. It is, therefore, considered a serious public health problem.

Conventional periodontal therapy consists of scaling and root planing (SRP) and control of supragingival plaque, but in some cases it has been shown to be ineffective in treating periodontitis, especially in difficult to access areas such as furcations and deep pockets. These cases benefit from adjuvant therapies, such as laser therapy, to help heal periodontal tissues, reduce microorganisms and improve clinical parameters.

Photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapy have been widely applied in the treatment of periodontal disease, due to their clinical, cellular and bactericidal effects. When associated with conventional periodontal therapy, its benefits increase, promoting a significant reduction in probing depth, number of deep pockets and bleeding. Furthermore, significant reduction of periodontopathogens and Candida albicans can be observed in the literature after photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapy.

Despite the benefits found when different laser therapy protocols are used in periodontal treatment, due to the lack of studies with high methodological quality and weak evidence in the existing literature, more studies are needed to prove their effects, establish appropriate protocols and evaluate the antimicrobial potential in periodontopathogens, which remains debatable, as recent systematic reviews point out.

The direct benefits of this study are the treatment of periodontal disease for the participants and for the scientific community to indicate new forms of periodontal therapy using different protocols of laser therapy associated with periodontal instrumentation. All tooth pocket sites in all groups will receive treatment.

Being tested
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (PDT), Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL), Saline solution, Photobiomodulation with an infrared laser (PBM-IRL)
Keywords
Periodontal Diseases, Periodontal Pocket, Laser Therapy, Methylene Blue
Medical subject headings
Periodontitis, Chronic Periodontitis, Periodontal Diseases, Periodontal Pocket

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (PDT)Procedure or surgery

    Conventional periodontal treatment, consisting of scaling and root planing, will be performed using ultrasonic instrumentation complemented by Gracey curettes, followed by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with 0.005% methylene blue as the photosensitizer.

  • Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL)Procedure or surgery

    Conventional periodontal treatment, consisting of scaling and root planing, will be performed using ultrasonic instrumentation complemented by Gracey curettes, followed by Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL).

  • Saline solutionProcedure or surgery

    Conventional periodontal treatment, consisting of scaling and root planing, will be performed using ultrasonic instrumentation complemented by Gracey curettes, followed by application of saline solution as the control treatment.

  • Photobiomodulation with an infrared laser (PBM-IRL)Procedure or surgery

    Conventional periodontal treatment, consisting of scaling and root planing, will be performed using ultrasonic instrumentation complemented by Gracey curettes, followed by photobiomodulation with an infrared laser (PBM-IRL).

Study groups in NCT06426550
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (aPDT)ExperimentalPhotosensitization will be performed with 0.005% methylene blue gel for 5 minutes, and photodynamic therapy will be applied with a red laser (660 nm) using a DuoⓇ laser with the optical fiber inside the periodontal pocket in back and forth movements, for 90s, 9 joules of energy, dose of 508.5J/cm2, irradiance of 5.65W/cm2 and power of 100mW.
Receives: Procedure: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (PDT)
Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL)ExperimentalPhotobiomodulation will be performed with a red laser (660 nm) using a DuoⓇ laser with the optical fiber inside the periodontal pocket in back and forth movements, for 90s, 9 joules of energy, dose of 508.5J/cm2, irradiance of 5.65W/cm2 and power of 100mW. The application of the gel with an empty syringe will be simulated, and waited 5 minutes.
Receives: Procedure: Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL)
Photobiomodulation with an infrared laser (PBM-IRL)ExperimentalPhotobiomodulation will be performed with an infrared laser (808 nm) using a DuoⓇ laser with the optical fiber inside the periodontal pocket in back and forth movements, for 90s, 9 joules of energy, dose of 508.5J/cm2, irradiance of 5.65W/cm2 and power of 100mW. The application of the gel with an empty syringe will be simulated, and waited 5 minutes.
Receives: Procedure: Photobiomodulation with an infrared laser (PBM-IRL)
Saline solution - Control (C)Placebo comparatorSaline gel will be applied in the periodontal pocket and, after 5 minutes, the laser application will be simulated, with the device in inactive mode.
Receives: Procedure: Saline solution

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Plaque index (PI)

    Plaque index will be expressed in percentage per individual to evaluate the supragingival plaque control.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 months

  2. Bleeding on probing (BOP)

    Bleeding on probing (BOP) will be expressed in percentage per individual to evaluate presence of BOP <20% good results.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 months

  3. Pocket probing depth (PPD)

    Pocket probing depth (PPD) will be evaluated in millimeters. The measure will be performed at six sites per tooth using a periodontal probe. The PPD corresponds to the distance from the gingival margin to the apical portion of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 months

  4. Gingival recession (GR)

    Gingival recession (GR) will be measured clinically in millimeters with a periodontal probe as the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the depth of the free gingival margin.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 months

  5. Clinical attachment level (CAL)

    Clinical attachment level (CAL) will be measured clinically in millimeters with a periodontal probe and corresponds as the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the base of the periodontal pocket. CAL represents the extension of periodontal support that has been lost around a tooth.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 months

Secondary outcomes (1)
  1. Microbiogical analysis

    Pooled biofilms from gingival fluid of four sites with PPD with 6 mm or more will be collected to evaluate the presence of periodontal pathogens. The samples will be collected from the selected sites and stored in eppendorfs with PBS 1X in -20oC until the microbiological analyses, that will consist in DNA extraction, electroforesis and qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

    Measured: Baseline and 3 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted23 May 2024
  2. Study start6 May 2024
  3. Primary completion26 Jan 2026
  4. Study completion2 Feb 2026

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Sequential
Model description
Clinical, laboratory, longitudinal split-mouth study carried out in humans.
Masking
Triple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
20 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06426550
Sponsor's protocol ID
78007624.4.0000.5626
Status last verified
Feb 2026
First submitted
17 May 2024
Last updated
27 Feb 2026
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: The result will be communicated verbally to each participant.

Publications

  • Akram Z, Al-Shareef SA, Daood U, Asiri FY, Shah AH, AlQahtani MA, Vohra F, Javed F. Bactericidal Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy Against Periodontal Pathogens in Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review. Photomed Laser Surg. 2016 Apr;34(4):137-49. doi: 10.1089/pho.2015.4076. Epub 2016 Mar 16.

    PubMed 26982216
  • Akram Z. How effective is adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in treating deep periodontal pockets in periodontal disease? A systematic review. J Investig Clin Dent. 2018 Nov;9(4):e12345. doi: 10.1111/jicd.12345. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

    PubMed 29863310
  • Ren C, McGrath C, Jin L, Zhang C, Yang Y. The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res. 2017 Feb;52(1):8-20. doi: 10.1111/jre.12361. Epub 2016 Mar 2.

    PubMed 26932392

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and 0.005% methylene blue (PDT), Photobiomodulation with a red laser (PBM-RL) and Saline solution in people with Periodontitis and Periodontitis, Adult, run by Universidade Federal Fluminense at 1 site in Brazil.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Plaque index (PI) (time frame: Baseline and 3 months). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06426550, which also lists 3 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Feb 2026.

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