Moderate Aortic Valve StenosisPhase 2/3NCT06469645
The Role of SGLT2i in Management of Moderate AS
A Phase 2/3 study testing Empagliflozin 10 MG in people with Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis, run by University of East Anglia at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Background: The aortic valve is like a door in the heart that lets blood flow out to the body. Over time, this valve can get worn out and become too narrow, leading to a condition called aortic stenosis. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis
- What is being tested?
- Empagliflozin 10 MG
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 104 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 30 May 2024to 24 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Moderate aortic stenosis (aortic valve peak velocity ≥ 3m/s or mean gradient 20-40mmHg, or Aortic valve area 1.0-1.5cm2)
- Age over 18 years
Who cannot join
- Severe aortic stenosis (aortic valve peak velocity ≥ 4m/s or mean > 40mmHg or Aortic valve area < 1.0cm2) or planned cardiac surgery or likely need for surgery within 6 months.
- Previous valve replacement
- Severe hypertension (systolic >180mmHg or diastolic >100mmHg)
- Acute pulmonary oedema or cardiogenic shock
- Coexisting other valvular lesion of more than moderate severit.
- Coexisting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or amyloidosis with cardiac involvement
Show all 14Show fewer
- Any contraindications to MRI scanning including eGFR <30ml/min/1.73m2
- Pregnancy or breast-feeding
- Concomitant SGLT2 inhibitor therapy
- Inability to receive SGLT2 inhibitor therapy
- History of diabetes type 1 or 2
- Severe peripheral vascular disease or non-healed leg ulcers
- Severe liver disease
- Rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, total lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United Kingdom1 site
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital
Norwich, Norfolk
About this study
Official title: The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Management of Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Background:
The aortic valve is like a door in the heart that lets blood flow out to the body. Over time, this valve can get worn out and become too narrow, leading to a condition called aortic stenosis. When this happens, the heart has to work extra hard to push blood through the narrow valve to supply the body with what it needs. This extra effort can cause the heart muscle to become abnormally thick or to have fibrosis. For people with aortic stenosis, this can lead to more problems like feeling out of breath, chest pain, and even needing to go to the hospital. It also increases the risk of dying from heart issues. There is a type of medication called Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which has been studied in people with weak heart muscle. These medicines were found to help the heart work better and improve the pumping of blood around the body. This can be promising for patients with aortic stenosis because it might make the heart muscle stronger and protect it from damage.
Read more
Aim of research study:
The aim of this study is to investigate whether the use of the drug empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, prevents the formation of fibrosis or the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle in patients with aortic stenosis. Using advanced imaging techniques (such as echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance), we intend to study their effect on the heart muscle of patients with aortic stenosis.
Study design:
Patients with moderate aortic stenosis will be invited for participation. Eligible consenting patients will have a baseline assessment with cardiac MRI scan, echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise test and validated quality of life questionnaires. They will then be randomised to receive either the SGLT2i for 6 months, or standard of care. All patients will undergo the same tests at 6 months. This way, we aim to investigate the potential changes in the heart muscle and whether the SGLT2 inhibitor prevents fibrosis or hypertrophy.
Read the detailed description
Background:
Aortic stenosis represents one of the commonest valvular heart diseases in the Western World. Studies have shown that as the valvular narrowing progresses, pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and fibrosis develop. This maladaptive left ventricular remodelling is associated with adverse events and worse long-term prognosis. Currently, there is no available medication to slow down or prevent these pathological processes occurring in aortic stenosis. Evidence from recent large randomised controlled trials have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors have a significant positive impact on quality of life and cardiovascular outcomes of patients with heart failure. This is a result of complex mechanisms such as attenuation of cardiac myofibroblast activity and collagen remodelling. These could be proved to be very beneficial for patients with aortic stenosis since the left ventricular pathological changes occurring in aortic stenosis share similar pathways and mechanisms with heart failure.
Study aims and objectives:
The aims of this study are to assess if:
- SGLT2 inhibitors can prevent or decelerate adverse myocardial remodelling and fibrosis.
- SGLT2 inhibitors can improve the exercise tolerance and functional capacity of patients with aortic stenosis.
Methods:
Given that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in aortic stenosis has not been investigated before, we aim to investigate the hypotheses with an early stage randomised controlled trial. For this, patients with moderate aortic stenosis identified in the outpatient cardiology clinic will be invited to participate. Management of moderate aortic stenosis is conservative with a 'watchful waiting' approach. The participants will be randomised either to usual conservative management or to the intervention group (use of SGLT2 inhibitor on top of regular medications). They will be assessed at baseline and at 6-months following initiation of the medication. Both appointments will include evaluation of symptoms (with the use of validated questionnaire) and functional capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test), electrocardiogram and blood tests. An echocardiogram, a scan performed routinely on a yearly basis for all patients with moderate aortic stenosis, will also be performed at baseline and at completion of the 6 months' follow-up period to evaluate for myocardial hypertrophy and remodelling. Additionally, a cardiopulmonary exercise test and a cardiac magnetic resonance scan will be performed in these two timepoints to assess for myocardial remodelling and fibrosis.
- Conditions
- Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis
- Being tested
- Empagliflozin 10 MG
- Keywords
- Aortic Valve Stenosis, Valvular Heart Disease, Myocardial Fibrosis, Empagliflozin, Echocardiography, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan, Cardio-pulmonary Exercise Test, Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors
- Medical subject headings
- Aortic Valve Stenosis, Heart Valve Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Empagliflozin 10 MGDrug
Participants allocated in the Intervention Group will be taking empagliflozin 10mg once a day on top of their regular medications.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Patients randomised in this group will be taking the SLGT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin) on top of their regular medications for 6 months. Receives: Drug: Empagliflozin 10 MG |
| Control Group | No intervention | Patients randomised in this group will continue to have their guideline directed conservative management with no changes in their regular medications. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in indexed extracellular volume (iECV)
The indexed extracellular volume (iECV) (expressed in ml/m2) will be assessed from the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan at baseline and at 6 months follow-up
Measured: 6 months
Secondary outcomes (7)
Change in left ventricular ejection fraction
Left ventricular ejection fraction (expressed in percentage, %) will be assessed from the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan at baseline and at 6 months follow-up
Measured: 6 months
Change in left ventricular diastolic function as assessed by the E/A ratio
Diastolic function will be assessed from the echocardiographic assessment at baseline and at 6 months follow-up
Measured: 6 months
Change in indexed left ventricular mass
Change in indexed left ventricular mass (expressed in g/m2) will be assessed from the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan at baseline and at 6 months follow-up
Measured: 6 months
Change in percentage of myocardial uptake of late gadolinium enahncement (LGE)
The late gadolinium enhancement will be assessed visually and quantitatively (% of left ventricular mass) from the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan at baseline and at 6 months follow-up
Measured: 6 months
Change in cardiac markers (N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide and high sensitivity troponin)
Participants will have their cardiac markers (N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide and high sensitivity troponin) tested at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up visit.
Measured: 6 months
Change in peak oxygen consumption (VO2) as assessed by Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Test
Participants will undergo a Cardio-pulmonary Exercise Test at baseline and at 6-months follow-up. The peak oxygen consumption will be assessed and changes will be recorded.
Measured: 6 months
Change in Quality of Life (QoL) as assessed with the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire
Participants will complete the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire at the baseline visit and at the 6-month follow up visit. The score of the Questionnaire scales from 0 to 100, with 0 denoting the worst and 100 the best possible status.
Measured: 6 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Jun 2024
- Study start30 May 2024
- Primary completion24 Jul 2026
- Study completion24 Jul 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Moderate Aortic Valve StenosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Parallel-group prospective randomised open-label blinded endpoint (PROBE) controlled trial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 104 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of East Anglia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Clinical Research and Trials Unit (Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, UK)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Vassilios S. Vassiliou, PhD, Principal investigator, University of East Anglia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06469645
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- R212199
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 5 Jun 2024
- Last updated
- 28 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Management of Patients With Aortic Stenosis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06469645
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- R212199
- Conditions
- Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis
- Keywords
- Aortic Valve Stenosis, Valvular Heart Disease, Myocardial Fibrosis, Empagliflozin, Echocardiography, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan, Cardio-pulmonary Exercise Test, Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 104 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of East AngliaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Clinical Research and Trials Unit (Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, UK)
- Study start
- 30 May 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Jul 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Jun 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background:
The aortic valve is like a door in the heart that lets blood flow out to the body. Over time, this valve can get worn out and become too narrow, leading to a condition called aortic stenosis. When this happens, the heart has to work extra hard to push blood through the narrow valve to supply the body with what it needs. This extra effort can cause the heart muscle to become abnormally thick or to have fibrosis. For people with aortic stenosis, this can lead to more problems like feeling out of breath, chest pain, and even needing to go to the hospital. It also increases the risk of dying from heart issues. There is a type of medication called Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which has been studied in people with weak heart muscle. These medicines were found to help the heart work better and improve the pumping of blood around the body. This can be promising for patients with aortic stenosis because it might make the heart muscle stronger and protect it from damage.
Aim of research study:
The aim of this study is to investigate whether the use of the drug empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, prevents the formation of fibrosis or the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle in patients with aortic stenosis. Using advanced imaging techniques (such as echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance), we intend to study their effect on the heart muscle of patients with aortic stenosis.
Study design:
Patients with moderate aortic stenosis will be invited for participation. Eligible consenting patients will have a baseline assessment with cardiac MRI scan, echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise test and validated quality of life questionnaires. They will then be randomised to receive either the SGLT2i for 6 months, or standard of care. All patients will undergo the same tests at 6 months. This way, we aim to investigate the potential changes in the heart muscle and whether the SGLT2 inhibitor prevents fibrosis or hypertrophy.
Detailed description
Background:
Aortic stenosis represents one of the commonest valvular heart diseases in the Western World. Studies have shown that as the valvular narrowing progresses, pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and fibrosis develop. This maladaptive left ventricular remodelling is associated with adverse events and worse long-term prognosis. Currently, there is no available medication to slow down or prevent these pathological processes occurring in aortic stenosis. Evidence from recent large randomised controlled trials have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors have a significant positive impact on quality of life and cardiovascular outcomes of patients with heart failure. This is a result of complex mechanisms such as attenuation of cardiac myofibroblast activity and collagen remodelling. These could be proved to be very beneficial for patients with aortic stenosis since the left ventricular pathological changes occurring in aortic stenosis share similar pathways and mechanisms with heart failure.
Study aims and objectives:
The aims of this study are to assess if:
- SGLT2 inhibitors can prevent or decelerate adverse myocardial remodelling and fibrosis.
- SGLT2 inhibitors can improve the exercise tolerance and functional capacity of patients with aortic stenosis.
Methods:
Given that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in aortic stenosis has not been investigated before, we aim to investigate the hypotheses with an early stage randomised controlled trial. For this, patients with moderate aortic stenosis identified in the outpatient cardiology clinic will be invited to participate. Management of moderate aortic stenosis is conservative with a 'watchful waiting' approach. The participants will be randomised either to usual conservative management or to the intervention group (use of SGLT2 inhibitor on top of regular medications). They will be assessed at baseline and at 6-months following initiation of the medication. Both appointments will include evaluation of symptoms (with the use of validated questionnaire) and functional capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test), electrocardiogram and blood tests. An echocardiogram, a scan performed routinely on a yearly basis for all patients with moderate aortic stenosis, will also be performed at baseline and at completion of the 6 months' follow-up period to evaluate for myocardial hypertrophy and remodelling. Additionally, a cardiopulmonary exercise test and a cardiac magnetic resonance scan will be performed in these two timepoints to assess for myocardial remodelling and fibrosis.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Parallel-group prospective randomised open-label blinded endpoint (PROBE) controlled trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Drug: Empagliflozin 10 MGPatients randomised in this group will be taking the SLGT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin) on top of their regular medications for 6 months. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Patients randomised in this group will continue to have their guideline directed conservative management with no changes in their regular medications. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Moderate aortic stenosis (aortic valve peak velocity ≥ 3m/s or mean gradient 20-40mmHg, or Aortic valve area 1.0-1.5cm2)
- Age over 18 years
Key exclusion criteria (14 listed)
- Severe aortic stenosis (aortic valve peak velocity ≥ 4m/s or mean > 40mmHg or Aortic valve area < 1.0cm2) or planned cardiac surgery or likely need for surgery within 6 months.
- Previous valve replacement
- Severe hypertension (systolic >180mmHg or diastolic >100mmHg)
- Acute pulmonary oedema or cardiogenic shock
- Coexisting other valvular lesion of more than moderate severit.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Empagliflozin 10 MGParticipants allocated in the Intervention Group will be taking empagliflozin 10mg once a day on top of their regular medications. | Drug | Intervention Group |
Primary outcome
Change in indexed extracellular volume (iECV)
Time frame: 6 months
The indexed extracellular volume (iECV) (expressed in ml/m2) will be assessed from the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Scan at baseline and at 6 months follow-up
7 secondary outcomes
Change in left ventricular ejection fraction
Time frame: 6 months
Change in left ventricular diastolic function as assessed by the E/A ratio
Time frame: 6 months
Change in indexed left ventricular mass
Time frame: 6 months
Change in percentage of myocardial uptake of late gadolinium enahncement (LGE)
Time frame: 6 months
Change in cardiac markers (N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide and high sensitivity troponin)
Time frame: 6 months
Change in peak oxygen consumption (VO2) as assessed by Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Test
Time frame: 6 months
Change in Quality of Life (QoL) as assessed with the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire
Time frame: 6 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Jul 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Vassilios S. Vassiliou, PhD principal investigator
University of East Anglia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2/3 study testing Empagliflozin 10 MG in people with Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis, run by University of East Anglia at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 14 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in indexed extracellular volume (iECV) (time frame: 6 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Jul 2026.