Head TraumaNCT06491173
Detecting Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage With the InfraScanner 2500™ in Uganda
A study testing InfraScanner 2500™ in people with Head Trauma and Crushing Skull Injury, run by Duke University at 2 sites in Uganda.
Trial summary
The goal of this study is to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the portable near-infrared-based device (portable NIR-based device), the InfraScanner 2500™, to detect intracranial hematomas (epidural hematomas (EDH) and/or subdural hematomas (SDH)) in patients… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 99 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Head Trauma, Crushing Skull Injury, Head Injury
- What is being tested?
- InfraScanner 2500™
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 180 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUganda
- Study dates
- 30 Jul 2024to 30 Mar 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 99 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Any patient who presents to MRRH or MMH with suspected head trauma, who is able to, or who has a legally authorized representative who is able to consent in English, Swahili, or Luganda will be considered for this study.
Who cannot join
- Patients for which wounds to their head are too large to properly use the InfraScanner 2500™ will be excluded from this study. Patients will also be excluded if hair cannot be appropriately parted to allow for the fiberoptic tips of the device to make direct contact with the scalp. Patients for whom it is not possible to obtain an Infrascan within 30 minutes of their CT imaging will also be excluded from the study.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Uganda2 sites
Mayanja Memorial Hospital
Mbarara
Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Mbarara
About this study
Official title: Assessment of Accuracy, Precision, and Feasibility of a Handheld Near-Infrared Light Device (InfraScanner 2500™) in Detecting Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Uganda
The goal of this study is to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the portable near-infrared-based device (portable NIR-based device), the InfraScanner 2500™, to detect intracranial hematomas (epidural hematomas (EDH) and/or subdural hematomas (SDH)) in patients hospitalized at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) or Mayanja Memorial Hospital (MMH) who have sustained or who are suspected to have sustained head trauma.
Read the detailed description
When applicable (conscious patient and/or family or legally authorized representative is present) the study will be introduced to the patient and relevant parties prior to the research team approaching the patient. While head trauma frequently results in impaired cognition and/or consciousness, and due to the urgency of these circumstances patients are often not accompanied by kin, whenever appropriate, the purpose of the research and the procedure will be explained in detail with all questions answered to the patient's and/or representative's satisfaction. Because patients who sustain head trauma injuries typically remain within the hospital for multiple days for monitoring and care, each participant may undergo multiple Computed Tomography (CT) scans over the course of his or her hospitalization, affording the opportunity of one to numerous measurements from each patient during his or her hospital stay.
Upon presentation to the casualty unit at MRRH or MMH and following each CT scan, the study team will approach the patient to scan the patient's cranium with the InfraScanner 2500™. If permission is granted, the study team member sequentially measures the optical absorption for each of the 8 quadrants of the scalp (frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital bilaterally). The device is engineered such that the light emitter and receiver are spaced 4 cm apart, allowing the light's intensity to be measured between adjacent light guides. This entire procedure, including greeting and scanning the patient should take <10 minutes. Subsequent CT scan(s) the patient receives determines the number of potential data collections.
The patient and/or representative may refuse a scan during any encounter, and as such, the scan will not be done. For each patient scanned with the InfraScanner 2500™ they will be de-identified with a subject number, with age, sex, gender, skin color, hair color, hair thickness, mechanism of injury, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and mean time elapsed between CT scan and near-infrared measurement. These data will be stored in de-identified form on the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database and/or Microsoft Excel on a secured network drive within the Department of Neurosurgery at Duke.
The collection period for each research subject concludes 30-days following his or her initial measurement with the InfraScanner 2500™, patient discharge, or patient death.
- Conditions
- Head Trauma, Crushing Skull Injury, Head Injury, Head Injuries, Multiple, Head Injuries, Closed, Head Trauma,Closed
- Being tested
- InfraScanner 2500™
- Medical subject headings
- Craniocerebral Trauma, Head Injuries, Closed, Head Injuries, Penetrating
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
InfraScanner 2500™Device
The Infrascanner is a portable screening device that uses Near-Infrared (NIR) technology to screen patients for intracranial bleeding, identifying those who would most benefit from immediate referral to a CT scan and neurosurgical intervention.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| InfraScanner 2500™ | Experimental | All patients entered into the trial will undergo at least one cranial scanning using the InfraScanner 2500™ upon arrival to the casualty unit at MRRH following CT. Patients will be scanned using the InfraScanner 2500™ following each subsequent CT as allowed by patient or representative. Patients will know the results of the CT but not the InfraScanner 2500™. The standard for comparison will be determined as follows. A CT result that is positive for hematoma will be considered a true positive and a CT result that is negative for hematoma will be considered a true negative. In cases where the results of the CT are negative for hematoma and the results of the InfraScanner 2500™ are positive consideration of further follow-up will be given on a case-by-case basis. Receives: Device: InfraScanner 2500™ |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Infrascanner 2500™ Diagnostic Performance
Number of participants with detection of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) by the InfraScanner 2500™ stratified by CT Positive and CT Negative using the CT as the gold standard for ICH presence.
Measured: Within 30 minutes following CT scan
Secondary outcomes (2)
Sensitivity of Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) Detection by the Infrascanner 2500™
The accuracy of the Infrascanner 2500™ reported through the sensitivity of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) detection (as compared to CT findings). Sensitivity measures the ability to identify true positives.
Measured: Within 30 minutes following CT scan
Specificity of Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) Detection by the Infrascanner 2500™
The accuracy of the Infrascanner 2500™ reported through the specificity of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) detection (as compared to CT findings). Specificity measures the ability to identify true negatives.
Measured: Within 30 minutes following CT scan
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Jul 2024
- Study start30 Jul 2024
- Primary completion28 Feb 2025
- Study completion30 Mar 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (21)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Head TraumaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Duke UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Duke University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mayanja Memorial Hospital
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Brad Kolls, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, Duke University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06491173
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Pro00115721
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 1 Jul 2024
- Last updated
- 25 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S, Baticulon RE, Hung YC, Punchak M, Agrawal A, Adeleye AO, Shrime MG, Rubiano AM, Rosenfeld JV, Park KB. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2018 Apr 27;130(4):1080-1097. doi: 10.3171/2017.10.JNS17352. Print 2019 Apr 1.
PubMed 29701556Veerappan VR, Gabriel PJ, Shlobin NA, Marks K, Ooi SZY, Aukrust CG, Ham E, Abdi H, Negida A, Park KB, El Ouahabi A. Global Neurosurgery in the Context of Global Public Health Practice-A Literature Review of Case Studies. World Neurosurg. 2022 Sep;165:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.022. Epub 2022 Jun 11.
PubMed 35697226Ukachukwu AK, Still MEH, Seas A, von Isenburg M, Fieggen G, Malomo AO, Shokunbi MT, Egger JR, Haglund MM, Fuller AT. Fulfilling the specialist neurosurgical workforce needs in Africa: a systematic review and projection toward 2030. J Neurosurg. 2022 Aug 12;138(4):1102-1113. doi: 10.3171/2022.2.JNS211984. Print 2023 Apr 1.
PubMed 35962968Janca A, Aarli JA, Prilipko L, Dua T, Saxena S, Saraceno B. WHO/WFN Survey of neurological services: a worldwide perspective. J Neurol Sci. 2006 Aug 15;247(1):29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.03.003. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
PubMed 16624322Ttendo SS, Was A, Preston MA, Munyarugero E, Kerry VB, Firth PG. Retrospective Descriptive Study of an Intensive Care Unit at a Ugandan Regional Referral Hospital. World J Surg. 2016 Dec;40(12):2847-2856. doi: 10.1007/s00268-016-3644-5.
PubMed 27506722Vaca SD, Feng AY, Ku S, Jin MC, Kakusa BW, Ho AL, Zhang M, Fuller A, Haglund MM, Grant G. Boda Bodas and Road Traffic Injuries in Uganda: An Overview of Traffic Safety Trends from 2009 to 2017. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 22;17(6):2110. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062110.
PubMed 32235768Firth PG, Mushagara R, Musinguzi N, Liu C, Boatin AA, Mugabi W, Kayaga D, Naturinda P, Twesigye D, Sanyu F, Mugyenyi G, Ngonzi J, Ttendo SS; Mbarara SQUAD Consortium. Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthetic Mortality Measurement at a Ugandan Secondary Referral Hospital. Anesth Analg. 2021 Dec 1;133(6):1608-1616. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005734.
PubMed 34415855Hyam JA, Welch CA, Harrison DA, Menon DK. Case mix, outcomes and comparison of risk prediction models for admissions to adult, general and specialist critical care units for head injury: a secondary analysis of the ICNARC Case Mix Programme Database. Crit Care. 2006;10 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S2. doi: 10.1186/cc5066.
PubMed 17352796Nigatu AM, Yilma TM, Gezie LD, Gebrewold Y, Gullslett MK, Mengiste SA, Tilahun B. Medical imaging consultation practices and challenges at public hospitals in the Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia: a descriptive phenomenological study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Jul 24;23(1):787. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09652-9.
PubMed 37488569Feiner JR, Severinghaus JW, Bickler PE. Dark skin decreases the accuracy of pulse oximeters at low oxygen saturation: the effects of oximeter probe type and gender. Anesth Analg. 2007 Dec;105(6 Suppl):S18-S23. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000285988.35174.d9.
PubMed 18048893Gottlieb ER, Ziegler J, Morley K, Rush B, Celi LA. Assessment of Racial and Ethnic Differences in Oxygen Supplementation Among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. JAMA Intern Med. 2022 Aug 1;182(8):849-858. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.2587.
PubMed 35816344Valbuena VSM, Seelye S, Sjoding MW, Valley TS, Dickson RP, Gay SE, Claar D, Prescott HC, Iwashyna TJ. Racial bias and reproducibility in pulse oximetry among medical and surgical inpatients in general care in the Veterans Health Administration 2013-19: multicenter, retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2022 Jul 6;378:e069775. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-069775.
PubMed 35793817Ries AL, Prewitt LM, Johnson JJ. Skin color and ear oximetry. Chest. 1989 Aug;96(2):287-90. doi: 10.1378/chest.96.2.287.
PubMed 2752811Okunlola OE, Lipnick MS, Batchelder PB, Bernstein M, Feiner JR, Bickler PE. Pulse Oximeter Performance, Racial Inequity, and the Work Ahead. Respir Care. 2022 Feb;67(2):252-257. doi: 10.4187/respcare.09795. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
PubMed 34772785Jamali H, Castillo LT, Morgan CC, Coult J, Muhammad JL, Osobamiro OO, Parsons EC, Adamson R. Racial Disparity in Oxygen Saturation Measurements by Pulse Oximetry: Evidence and Implications. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022 Dec;19(12):1951-1964. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202203-270CME.
PubMed 36166259
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Assessment of Accuracy, Precision, and Feasibility of a Handheld Near-Infrared Light Device (InfraScanner 2500™) in Detecting Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Uganda
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06491173
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Pro00115721
- Conditions
- Head Trauma, Crushing Skull Injury, Head Injury, Head Injuries, Multiple, Head Injuries, Closed, Head Trauma,Closed
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Duke UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mayanja Memorial Hospital
- Study start
- 30 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Mar 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 25 Feb 2026
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this study is to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the portable near-infrared-based device (portable NIR-based device), the InfraScanner 2500™, to detect intracranial hematomas (epidural hematomas (EDH) and/or subdural hematomas (SDH)) in patients hospitalized at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) or Mayanja Memorial Hospital (MMH) who have sustained or who are suspected to have sustained head trauma.
Detailed description
When applicable (conscious patient and/or family or legally authorized representative is present) the study will be introduced to the patient and relevant parties prior to the research team approaching the patient. While head trauma frequently results in impaired cognition and/or consciousness, and due to the urgency of these circumstances patients are often not accompanied by kin, whenever appropriate, the purpose of the research and the procedure will be explained in detail with all questions answered to the patient's and/or representative's satisfaction. Because patients who sustain head trauma injuries typically remain within the hospital for multiple days for monitoring and care, each participant may undergo multiple Computed Tomography (CT) scans over the course of his or her hospitalization, affording the opportunity of one to numerous measurements from each patient during his or her hospital stay.
Upon presentation to the casualty unit at MRRH or MMH and following each CT scan, the study team will approach the patient to scan the patient's cranium with the InfraScanner 2500™. If permission is granted, the study team member sequentially measures the optical absorption for each of the 8 quadrants of the scalp (frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital bilaterally). The device is engineered such that the light emitter and receiver are spaced 4 cm apart, allowing the light's intensity to be measured between adjacent light guides. This entire procedure, including greeting and scanning the patient should take <10 minutes. Subsequent CT scan(s) the patient receives determines the number of potential data collections.
The patient and/or representative may refuse a scan during any encounter, and as such, the scan will not be done. For each patient scanned with the InfraScanner 2500™ they will be de-identified with a subject number, with age, sex, gender, skin color, hair color, hair thickness, mechanism of injury, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and mean time elapsed between CT scan and near-infrared measurement. These data will be stored in de-identified form on the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database and/or Microsoft Excel on a secured network drive within the Department of Neurosurgery at Duke.
The collection period for each research subject concludes 30-days following his or her initial measurement with the InfraScanner 2500™, patient discharge, or patient death.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| InfraScanner 2500™ | Experimental | Device: InfraScanner 2500™All patients entered into the trial will undergo at least one cranial scanning using the InfraScanner 2500™ upon arrival to the casualty unit at MRRH following CT. Patients will be scanned using the InfraScanner 2500™ following each subsequent CT as allowed by patient or representative. Patients will know the results of the CT but not the InfraScanner 2500™. The standard for comparison will be determined as follows. A CT result that is positive for hematoma will be considered a true positive and a CT result that is negative for hematoma will be considered a true negative. In cases where the results of the CT are negative for hematoma and the results of the InfraScanner 2500™ are positive consideration of further follow-up will be given on a case-by-case basis. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 99 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Any patient who presents to MRRH or MMH with suspected head trauma, who is able to, or who has a legally authorized representative who is able to consent in English, Swahili, or Luganda will be considered for this study.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients for which wounds to their head are too large to properly use the InfraScanner 2500™ will be excluded from this study. Patients will also be excluded if hair cannot be appropriately parted to allow for the fiberoptic tips of the device to make direct contact with the scalp. Patients for whom it is not possible to obtain an Infrascan within 30 minutes of their CT imaging will also be excluded from the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| InfraScanner 2500™The Infrascanner is a portable screening device that uses Near-Infrared (NIR) technology to screen patients for intracranial bleeding, identifying those who would most benefit from immediate referral to a CT scan and neurosurgical intervention. | Device | InfraScanner 2500™ |
Primary outcome
Infrascanner 2500™ Diagnostic Performance
Time frame: Within 30 minutes following CT scan
Number of participants with detection of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) by the InfraScanner 2500™ stratified by CT Positive and CT Negative using the CT as the gold standard for ICH presence.
2 secondary outcomes
Sensitivity of Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) Detection by the Infrascanner 2500™
Time frame: Within 30 minutes following CT scan
Specificity of Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) Detection by the Infrascanner 2500™
Time frame: Within 30 minutes following CT scan
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Feb 2026.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 29701556Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S, Baticulon RE, Hung YC, Punchak M, Agrawal A, Adeleye AO, Shrime MG, Rubiano AM, Rosenfeld JV, Park KB. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2018 Apr 27;130(4):1080-1097. doi: 10.3171/2017.10.JNS17352. Print 2019 Apr 1.
- Background: PubMed 35697226Veerappan VR, Gabriel PJ, Shlobin NA, Marks K, Ooi SZY, Aukrust CG, Ham E, Abdi H, Negida A, Park KB, El Ouahabi A. Global Neurosurgery in the Context of Global Public Health Practice-A Literature Review of Case Studies. World Neurosurg. 2022 Sep;165:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.022. Epub 2022 Jun 11.
- Background: PubMed 35962968Ukachukwu AK, Still MEH, Seas A, von Isenburg M, Fieggen G, Malomo AO, Shokunbi MT, Egger JR, Haglund MM, Fuller AT. Fulfilling the specialist neurosurgical workforce needs in Africa: a systematic review and projection toward 2030. J Neurosurg. 2022 Aug 12;138(4):1102-1113. doi: 10.3171/2022.2.JNS211984. Print 2023 Apr 1.
- Background: PubMed 16624322Janca A, Aarli JA, Prilipko L, Dua T, Saxena S, Saraceno B. WHO/WFN Survey of neurological services: a worldwide perspective. J Neurol Sci. 2006 Aug 15;247(1):29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.03.003. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
- Background: PubMed 27506722Ttendo SS, Was A, Preston MA, Munyarugero E, Kerry VB, Firth PG. Retrospective Descriptive Study of an Intensive Care Unit at a Ugandan Regional Referral Hospital. World J Surg. 2016 Dec;40(12):2847-2856. doi: 10.1007/s00268-016-3644-5.
- Background: PubMed 32235768Vaca SD, Feng AY, Ku S, Jin MC, Kakusa BW, Ho AL, Zhang M, Fuller A, Haglund MM, Grant G. Boda Bodas and Road Traffic Injuries in Uganda: An Overview of Traffic Safety Trends from 2009 to 2017. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 22;17(6):2110. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062110.
- Background: PubMed 34415855Firth PG, Mushagara R, Musinguzi N, Liu C, Boatin AA, Mugabi W, Kayaga D, Naturinda P, Twesigye D, Sanyu F, Mugyenyi G, Ngonzi J, Ttendo SS; Mbarara SQUAD Consortium. Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthetic Mortality Measurement at a Ugandan Secondary Referral Hospital. Anesth Analg. 2021 Dec 1;133(6):1608-1616. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005734.
- Background: PubMed 17352796Hyam JA, Welch CA, Harrison DA, Menon DK. Case mix, outcomes and comparison of risk prediction models for admissions to adult, general and specialist critical care units for head injury: a secondary analysis of the ICNARC Case Mix Programme Database. Crit Care. 2006;10 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S2. doi: 10.1186/cc5066.
- Background: PubMed 37488569Nigatu AM, Yilma TM, Gezie LD, Gebrewold Y, Gullslett MK, Mengiste SA, Tilahun B. Medical imaging consultation practices and challenges at public hospitals in the Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia: a descriptive phenomenological study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Jul 24;23(1):787. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09652-9.
- Background: PubMed 18048893Feiner JR, Severinghaus JW, Bickler PE. Dark skin decreases the accuracy of pulse oximeters at low oxygen saturation: the effects of oximeter probe type and gender. Anesth Analg. 2007 Dec;105(6 Suppl):S18-S23. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000285988.35174.d9.
- Background: PubMed 35816344Gottlieb ER, Ziegler J, Morley K, Rush B, Celi LA. Assessment of Racial and Ethnic Differences in Oxygen Supplementation Among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. JAMA Intern Med. 2022 Aug 1;182(8):849-858. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.2587.
- Background: PubMed 35793817Valbuena VSM, Seelye S, Sjoding MW, Valley TS, Dickson RP, Gay SE, Claar D, Prescott HC, Iwashyna TJ. Racial bias and reproducibility in pulse oximetry among medical and surgical inpatients in general care in the Veterans Health Administration 2013-19: multicenter, retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2022 Jul 6;378:e069775. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-069775.
- InfraScan. Infrascanner - White Paper A Handheld Brain Hematoma Detector. Accessed February 4, 2024.Link provided by the sponsor.
- Sample size calculator . Published online 2024.Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Brad Kolls, MD, PhD principal investigator
Duke University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing InfraScanner 2500™ in people with Head Trauma and Crushing Skull Injury, run by Duke University at 2 sites in Uganda.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Uganda. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 25 Feb 2026). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Infrascanner 2500™ Diagnostic Performance (time frame: Within 30 minutes following CT scan). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06491173, which also lists 21 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Feb 2026.