Toilet TrainingNCT06537271
Web-Based Animated Training:Mother-Child School
A study testing experimental group in people with Toilet Training and Autism, run by Igdir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Introduction: Toilet training is the training that helps children gain control of their urine and stool while they are asleep and awake, and to recognize that they need to go to the toilet and relieve themselves without being reminded or helped.Toilet training is the training that helps children gain control of their… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Toilet Training, Autism, Breast Feeding
- What is being tested?
- experimental group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2024to 1 Feb 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Volunteering to Participate in the Study
- Parents with children between 18-36 months of age who agree to participate in the study
- Being literate in Turkish
- Having a computer or mobile phone and internet connection at home
- Being able to use Whatsapp
- Not having a visual or auditory health problem that would prevent participation in the study
- Not having a communication barrier
Who cannot join
- Having a visual or auditory health problem that would prevent participation in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Web-Based Animated Training Given To Mothers With Children Between 18-36 Months on The Awareness Level: Mother-Child School
Introduction: Toilet training is the training that helps children gain control of their urine and stool while they are asleep and awake, and to recognize that they need to go to the toilet and relieve themselves without being reminded or helped.Toilet training is the training that helps children gain control of their urine and stool while they are asleep and awake, and to recognize that they need to go to the toilet and relieve themselves without being reminded or helped.Weaning is the gradual cessation of breastfeeding. For most mothers and their babies, weaning can be a very difficult situation. It is extremely important to support breastfeeding and to wean at a time that is convenient for the mother and baby.
Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of web-based animation-based education given to mothers with children aged 18-36 months on the level of awareness.
Material Method:The research was planned as an experimental study with experimental and control groups.In collecting the data, "Personal Information Form", "Toilet Training Knowledge and Attitude Scale", "Autism Awareness Scale Mother Form", "Breastfeeding Termination Scale" and "Informed Voluntary Consent Form" will be used.The universe of the study will consist of parents with children between 18-36 months of age. The sample of the study was calculated using the GPower computer program. With the power analysis, it was found that a total of 70 patients should be included in the control group and the experimental group, 35 patients each, in the calculation made at the α = 0.05 error level, the effect size for large independent groups, d = 0.8 for the t test and 95% power of the study.
Read the detailed description
Toilet training is a developmental task that affects families with young children, which occurs when the child develops the ability to urinate and defecate at the appropriate time and environment. Toilet training begins when the child becomes aware of his/her limits and learns to control his/her behavior and instinctive impulses. Parents' approaches and social expectations should be parallel to developmental periods. This is necessary for the child to realize himself/herself.
Mothers may need training due to their inadequate knowledge and attitudes about starting and continuing toilet training. Nurses play an important role in preventing parents' incorrect toilet training knowledge and attitudes in this regard.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), also known as autism, is a common, highly hereditary and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that has underlying cognitive characteristics and usually occurs together with additional health problems.
Autism is usually associated with poor emotional control, anxiety and impulsivity. Challenging behaviors, including aggression towards others, are observed in autistic individuals and are not socially accepted. Increasing awareness about autism will allow the differences of autistic individuals to be understood and the correct approach to be provided in social areas. Researching autism awareness in children during this period is important so that mothers can both observe their own children better and raise awareness about their children's approach to their friends.
Weaning is the gradual termination of breastfeeding. The breastfeeding period is a special process in which the bond of love between most mothers and their babies is established, strengthened and developed. During this period, it can be quite difficult for most mothers and their babies to end breastfeeding. The sudden end of this process, which is a joy for the baby, can cause problems in the emotional, social and cognitive development of the child in the future.
It is extremely important to support breastfeeding and to end breastfeeding at a time that is suitable for the mother and the baby with the right method.
- Conditions
- Toilet Training, Autism, Breast Feeding
- Being tested
- experimental group, Control Group
- Keywords
- toilet training, autism, weaning ending
- Medical subject headings
- Autistic Disorder, Breast Feeding
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
experimental groupCombination product
Autism awareness, breastfeeding cessation and toilet training knowledge and attitude training guide and weekly training content animation videos will be prepared for the experimental group and uploaded via WhatsApp and training will be provided. All participants will be interviewed face to face before the training and the necessary information about our study will be provided. Feedback will be received from the researcher regarding the videos, and participants in the study will be able to ask their questions via WhatsApp and share digital content in a digital environment. Evaluation will be made by conducting group work with individuals. Reminders such as mobile phone messages will be used. Training will be carried out within an 8-week program. Each week, training videos on the topics prepared in line with the training guide will be prepared and shared via WhatsApp. Feedback will be received by creating interactive communication environments.
Control GroupCombination product
After the purpose of the study is explained to the control group by the researcher and written and verbal permission is obtained from those who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, the pre-test data will be collected by the researcher.At the end of the training, survey forms will be filled out by the researcher for the control group and post-test data will be collected.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Experimental | Participation in the study is entirely voluntary. After the purpose of the study is explained to the experimental group by the researcher and written and verbal permission is obtained from those who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, the pre-test data will be collected by the researcher. Receives: Combination Product: experimental group |
| Control Group | Experimental | After the purpose of the study is explained to the control group by the researcher and written and verbal permission is obtained from those who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, the pre-test data will be collected by the researcher.At the end of 8 weeks, the researcher will fill out the questionnaire forms for the experimental group and collect post-test data. Receives: Combination Product: Control Group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Autism Awareness Scale of Mothers of Preschool Children
It consists of 23 questions on a 4-point Likert type (1=False, 2=Undecided, 3=Partially True, 4=Absolutely True). Possible scores range from 23 to 92. An increase in the total score indicates a higher level of awareness. Cronbach's alpha value was 0.947 and it was determined that it had a two-factor structure (Behavioral Patterns and Communication and Interaction).
Measured: for 8 weeks, once a week
Toilet Training
It was developed to assess mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards toilet training. The scale consists of 29 Likert-type items, ranging from 1 to 5 (5-Strongly Agree, 4-Agree, 3-Don't Know, 2-Disagree, 1-Strongly Disagree), which measure mothers' preferences for agreeing or disagreeing with toilet training 25 knowledge and attitudes. The scale does not contain reverse items or scoring. A minimum of 1 and a maximum of 5 points can be obtained from the scale items. As the scale score increases, mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards Toilet Training increase positively.
Measured: for 8 weeks, once a week
Readiness to Stop Breastfeeding
It is a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Somewhat Agree, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree). It can be applied to all mothers with babies 18 months and older. Items 2, 5, 13, 15, and 16 on the scale need to be reverse coded. The total score that can be obtained from the scale varies between 19-95. As the scores obtained from the scale increase, it is interpreted that the level of Readiness to Stop Breastfeeding increases.
Measured: for 8 weeks, once a week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Aug 2024
- Study start1 Sep 2024
- Primary completion1 Jan 2025
- Study completion1 Feb 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Toilet TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Igdir University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Eda Gulbetekin, Igdir University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06537271
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Eda2
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 1 Aug 2024
- Last updated
- 4 May 2025
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 May 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Web-Based Animated Training Given To Mothers With Children Between 18-36 Months on The Awareness Level: Mother-Child School
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06537271
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Eda2
- Conditions
- Toilet Training, Autism, Breast Feeding
- Keywords
- toilet training, autism, weaning ending
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Igdir UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Feb 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Introduction: Toilet training is the training that helps children gain control of their urine and stool while they are asleep and awake, and to recognize that they need to go to the toilet and relieve themselves without being reminded or helped.Toilet training is the training that helps children gain control of their urine and stool while they are asleep and awake, and to recognize that they need to go to the toilet and relieve themselves without being reminded or helped.Weaning is the gradual cessation of breastfeeding. For most mothers and their babies, weaning can be a very difficult situation. It is extremely important to support breastfeeding and to wean at a time that is convenient for the mother and baby.
Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of web-based animation-based education given to mothers with children aged 18-36 months on the level of awareness.
Material Method:The research was planned as an experimental study with experimental and control groups.In collecting the data, "Personal Information Form", "Toilet Training Knowledge and Attitude Scale", "Autism Awareness Scale Mother Form", "Breastfeeding Termination Scale" and "Informed Voluntary Consent Form" will be used.The universe of the study will consist of parents with children between 18-36 months of age. The sample of the study was calculated using the GPower computer program. With the power analysis, it was found that a total of 70 patients should be included in the control group and the experimental group, 35 patients each, in the calculation made at the α = 0.05 error level, the effect size for large independent groups, d = 0.8 for the t test and 95% power of the study.
Detailed description
Toilet training is a developmental task that affects families with young children, which occurs when the child develops the ability to urinate and defecate at the appropriate time and environment. Toilet training begins when the child becomes aware of his/her limits and learns to control his/her behavior and instinctive impulses. Parents' approaches and social expectations should be parallel to developmental periods. This is necessary for the child to realize himself/herself.
Mothers may need training due to their inadequate knowledge and attitudes about starting and continuing toilet training. Nurses play an important role in preventing parents' incorrect toilet training knowledge and attitudes in this regard.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), also known as autism, is a common, highly hereditary and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that has underlying cognitive characteristics and usually occurs together with additional health problems.
Autism is usually associated with poor emotional control, anxiety and impulsivity. Challenging behaviors, including aggression towards others, are observed in autistic individuals and are not socially accepted. Increasing awareness about autism will allow the differences of autistic individuals to be understood and the correct approach to be provided in social areas. Researching autism awareness in children during this period is important so that mothers can both observe their own children better and raise awareness about their children's approach to their friends.
Weaning is the gradual termination of breastfeeding. The breastfeeding period is a special process in which the bond of love between most mothers and their babies is established, strengthened and developed. During this period, it can be quite difficult for most mothers and their babies to end breastfeeding. The sudden end of this process, which is a joy for the baby, can cause problems in the emotional, social and cognitive development of the child in the future.
It is extremely important to support breastfeeding and to end breastfeeding at a time that is suitable for the mother and the baby with the right method.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Experimental | Combination Product: experimental groupParticipation in the study is entirely voluntary. After the purpose of the study is explained to the experimental group by the researcher and written and verbal permission is obtained from those who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, the pre-test data will be collected by the researcher. |
| Control Group | Experimental | Combination Product: Control GroupAfter the purpose of the study is explained to the control group by the researcher and written and verbal permission is obtained from those who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, the pre-test data will be collected by the researcher.At the end of 8 weeks, the researcher will fill out the questionnaire forms for the experimental group and collect post-test data. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Volunteering to Participate in the Study
- Parents with children between 18-36 months of age who agree to participate in the study
- Being literate in Turkish
- Having a computer or mobile phone and internet connection at home
- Being able to use Whatsapp
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Having a visual or auditory health problem that would prevent participation in the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| experimental groupAutism awareness, breastfeeding cessation and toilet training knowledge and attitude training guide and weekly training content animation videos will be prepared for the experimental group and uploaded via WhatsApp and training will be provided. All participants will be interviewed face to face before the training and the necessary information about our study will be provided. Feedback will be received from the researcher regarding the videos, and participants in the study will be able to ask their questions via WhatsApp and share digital content in a digital environment. Evaluation will be made by conducting group work with individuals. Reminders such as mobile phone messages will be used. Training will be carried out within an 8-week program. Each week, training videos on the topics prepared in line with the training guide will be prepared and shared via WhatsApp. Feedback will be received by creating interactive communication environments. | Combination product | experimental group |
| Control GroupAfter the purpose of the study is explained to the control group by the researcher and written and verbal permission is obtained from those who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, the pre-test data will be collected by the researcher.At the end of the training, survey forms will be filled out by the researcher for the control group and post-test data will be collected. | Combination product | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Autism Awareness Scale of Mothers of Preschool Children
Time frame: for 8 weeks, once a week
It consists of 23 questions on a 4-point Likert type (1=False, 2=Undecided, 3=Partially True, 4=Absolutely True). Possible scores range from 23 to 92. An increase in the total score indicates a higher level of awareness. Cronbach's alpha value was 0.947 and it was determined that it had a two-factor structure (Behavioral Patterns and Communication and Interaction).
Toilet Training
Time frame: for 8 weeks, once a week
It was developed to assess mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards toilet training. The scale consists of 29 Likert-type items, ranging from 1 to 5 (5-Strongly Agree, 4-Agree, 3-Don't Know, 2-Disagree, 1-Strongly Disagree), which measure mothers' preferences for agreeing or disagreeing with toilet training 25 knowledge and attitudes. The scale does not contain reverse items or scoring. A minimum of 1 and a maximum of 5 points can be obtained from the scale items. As the scale score increases, mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards Toilet Training increase positively.
Readiness to Stop Breastfeeding
Time frame: for 8 weeks, once a week
It is a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Somewhat Agree, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree). It can be applied to all mothers with babies 18 months and older. Items 2, 5, 13, 15, and 16 on the scale need to be reverse coded. The total score that can be obtained from the scale varies between 19-95. As the scores obtained from the scale increase, it is interpreted that the level of Readiness to Stop Breastfeeding increases.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 May 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Toilet Training
Active, not recruiting
Bowel And Bladder Function in Infant Toilet Training
Infantile Colic, Constipation - Functional
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing experimental group in people with Toilet Training and Autism, run by Igdir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 May 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Autism Awareness Scale of Mothers of Preschool Children (time frame: for 8 weeks, once a week). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 May 2025.