Public Health NursingNCT06565962
The Effect of Virtual Reality Use on Disaster Literacy, Disaster Readiness and Disaster Resilience
A study testing Educaiton group in people with Public Health Nursing, run by FATOŞ UNCU at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness activities are essential to reduce vulnerability in a community and protect people when disasters occur. Although disaster preparedness and protective behaviours have attracted the attention of scholars worldwide, there is no significant study on the preparedness, disaster… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Public Health Nursing
- What is being tested?
- Educaiton group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 64 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Sep 2024to 15 Feb 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Over 18 years of age
- Not having received structured disaster training before
- Not having any mental problems that prevent them from completing the questionnaires
Who cannot join
- Participants wants to leave the study
- Incomplete filling of survey forms
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: 'The Effect of Virtual Reality Use on Disaster Literacy, Disaster Readiness and Disaster Resilience in Adults Living in Rural Areas: A Randomised Controlled Study
Pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness activities are essential to reduce vulnerability in a community and protect people when disasters occur. Although disaster preparedness and protective behaviours have attracted the attention of scholars worldwide, there is no significant study on the preparedness, disaster literacy and disaster resilience of rural households. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of virtual reality use on disaster literacy, disaster preparedness and individual disaster resilience in adults living in rural areas.
Read the detailed description
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of natural disasters and the loss of life and property caused by disasters in the world and in Turkey. Turkey is a country where tectonic strata are commonly found. Besides, it has various natural disaster risks considering its geological features, topography and meteorological conditions. According to the statistics of the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) for 2022, the natural disaster events that occurred in 2022 were as follows: 18 avalanches, 21,054 earthquakes, 859 landslides, 137 rock falls, 13 sinkholes, 450 floods/floods and 451 others, totalling 22,982. Considering the high physical and social vulnerability of Turkey, these disasters cause a high number of deaths, injuries and material losses. The solution to minimise the negative impacts of disasters is to be prepared for future disasters. For this reason, there is a need for raising awareness of the society about disasters and disaster risk avoidance skills known as disaster literacy. Disaster literacy is defined as the degree to which individuals read, understand and use information to make informed decisions and follow instructions in the context of mitigation, preparation, response and recovery. In the last decade, virtual reality-based training in disaster preparedness has been increasingly recognised as an important and new alternative to the traditional methods of real-life drills and tabletop exercises. Many studies have described various applications of virtual reality in disaster training. In 2001, Freeman et al. published the use of a virtual reality patient simulation system to teach emergency response skills to US Navy medical personnel. In 2007, a virtual simulation-enhanced triage training for Iraqi medical personnel was described. The following year, immersive simulation for training first responders to mass casualty incidents,mass casualty triage skills using immersive three-dimensional virtual reality, and critical care skills during mass casualty drills. The equivalence of VR simulators with live actor-patient use in directing actions has been demonstrated and simulation for team training and assessment using virtual worlds. In 2009, game-based mass casualty burn training was proposed.In 2011, Cone et al. published a comparison of SALT and SMART triage systems using a virtual reality simulator with paramedic students. Finally, virtual simulation as a teaching method for nursing students has been shown to reinforce learning and improve retention of learning over time.
Pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness activities are essential to reduce vulnerability in a community and protect people when disasters occur. Although disaster preparedness and protective behaviours have attracted the attention of scholars worldwide, there is no significant study on the preparedness, disaster literacy and disaster resilience of rural households. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of virtual reality use on disaster literacy, disaster preparedness and individual disaster resilience in adults living in rural areas.
- Conditions
- Public Health Nursing
- Being tested
- Educaiton group, control group
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Disaster Literacy, Disaster Resilience
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Educaiton groupOther
The experimental group will be made to watch training videos prepared by AFAD on disaster preparedness, disaster moment and post-disaster by using virtual reality goggles.
control groupOther
The control group will receive standard care. The standard care programme will include brochures and guidance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental | Participants randomly assigned to groups will first be given data collection forms as a pre-test. Then, the experimental group will be given an 8-week disaster risk reduction programme. They will watch PowerPoint presentations prepared by researchers and training videos prepared by AFAD on disaster preparedness, disaster response and post-disaster issues using virtual reality glasses. Subsequently, data collection for the post-test will be conducted for both groups. After a three-month follow-up period, follow-up test surveys will be collected from both groups. Receives: Other: Educaiton group |
| active comparator group | Active comparator | The control group will receive standard care. The standard care programme will include brochures and guidance. Personal information form, disaster literacy scale, disaster preparedness scale and disaster resistance scale will be used to collect the research data. Receives: Other: control group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Disaster literacy scale
It is a self-report scale developed by Çalışkan and Üner (2023) to evaluate AFOY in people aged 18-60 years. The scale consists of 61 items and four sub-dimensions: harm reduction, preparation, intervention and improvement. Likert-type scale is graded from 1=very difficult to 5=very easy. There are no reverse items in the scale. The total score that can be obtained from the scale is between 61-305. The high score obtained from the scale shows that the disaster literacy level of individuals is high. In the scale, 0 indicates the lowest AFOY and 50 indicates the highest AFOY. The scale is divided into criteria as 0-<30 points inadequate AFOY, 30-<36 points limited AFOY, 36-<42 points adequate AFOY and 42-50 points excellent AFOY: Scores= (0-<30): inadequate AFOY; (30-<36): limited AFOY; (36-<42): adequate AFOY; (42-50): excellent AFOY. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency of the whole scale is α=0.954.
Measured: 3 month
Secondary outcomes (2)
Disaster preparedness scale
It was developed by Şentuna and Çakı to determine the preparedness of individuals for disasters. The scale consists of a measurement tool consisting of 13 items and 4 dimensions. The scale consists of four (4) sub-dimensions as 'disaster physical protection', 'disaster planning', 'disaster assistance' and 'disaster warning systems'. There are five items in the 'disaster physical protection' sub-dimension, three items in the 'disaster planning' sub-dimension, three items in the 'disaster relief' sub-dimension and two items in the 'disaster warning systems' sub-dimension. The items in the scale are in 4-point Likert format as '1-Strongly No', '2-No', '3-Yes', '4-Strongly Yes'. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 13 and the maximum score is 52. As the score obtained from the scale increases, the level of disaster preparedness increases. Cronbach Alpha coefficient calculated for the whole scale is 0,82.
Measured: baseline (pre test), post test (8 week) and after 3 month
Individual Disaster Resilience Scale
The scale developed by Şen (2022) consists of 20 items and four sub-dimensions. These sub-dimensions are coping with experience, coping with knowledge, coping with common coping and emotional coping. The scale is Likert 5 type and the questions are scored between 1: strongly disagree and 5: strongly agree. Three items in the scale are reverse coded. The higher the score, the higher the disaster resilience is considered to be
Measured: baseline (pre test), post test (8 week) and after 3 month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Aug 2024
- Study start15 Sep 2024
- Primary completion15 Jan 2025
- Study completion15 Feb 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Public Health NursingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- parallel group 1:1 single blind randomised controlled experimental study
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- FATOŞ UNCU
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, FATOŞ UNCU, Firat University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06565962
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- FU-SBF-FU-03
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Aug 2024
- Last updated
- 14 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
EvcImen H, Uncu F. A Nurse-Led Virtual Reality-Based Disaster Risk Reduction Program for Rural Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Community Health Nurs. 2026 Sep 3:1-14. doi: 10.1080/07370016.2026.2728379. Online ahead of print.
PubMed 42690621
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- 'The Effect of Virtual Reality Use on Disaster Literacy, Disaster Readiness and Disaster Resilience in Adults Living in Rural Areas: A Randomised Controlled Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06565962
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- FU-SBF-FU-03
- Conditions
- Public Health Nursing
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Disaster Literacy, Disaster Resilience
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- FATOŞ UNCUUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Feb 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness activities are essential to reduce vulnerability in a community and protect people when disasters occur. Although disaster preparedness and protective behaviours have attracted the attention of scholars worldwide, there is no significant study on the preparedness, disaster literacy and disaster resilience of rural households. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of virtual reality use on disaster literacy, disaster preparedness and individual disaster resilience in adults living in rural areas.
Detailed description
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of natural disasters and the loss of life and property caused by disasters in the world and in Turkey. Turkey is a country where tectonic strata are commonly found. Besides, it has various natural disaster risks considering its geological features, topography and meteorological conditions. According to the statistics of the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) for 2022, the natural disaster events that occurred in 2022 were as follows: 18 avalanches, 21,054 earthquakes, 859 landslides, 137 rock falls, 13 sinkholes, 450 floods/floods and 451 others, totalling 22,982. Considering the high physical and social vulnerability of Turkey, these disasters cause a high number of deaths, injuries and material losses. The solution to minimise the negative impacts of disasters is to be prepared for future disasters. For this reason, there is a need for raising awareness of the society about disasters and disaster risk avoidance skills known as disaster literacy. Disaster literacy is defined as the degree to which individuals read, understand and use information to make informed decisions and follow instructions in the context of mitigation, preparation, response and recovery. In the last decade, virtual reality-based training in disaster preparedness has been increasingly recognised as an important and new alternative to the traditional methods of real-life drills and tabletop exercises. Many studies have described various applications of virtual reality in disaster training. In 2001, Freeman et al. published the use of a virtual reality patient simulation system to teach emergency response skills to US Navy medical personnel. In 2007, a virtual simulation-enhanced triage training for Iraqi medical personnel was described. The following year, immersive simulation for training first responders to mass casualty incidents,mass casualty triage skills using immersive three-dimensional virtual reality, and critical care skills during mass casualty drills. The equivalence of VR simulators with live actor-patient use in directing actions has been demonstrated and simulation for team training and assessment using virtual worlds. In 2009, game-based mass casualty burn training was proposed.In 2011, Cone et al. published a comparison of SALT and SMART triage systems using a virtual reality simulator with paramedic students. Finally, virtual simulation as a teaching method for nursing students has been shown to reinforce learning and improve retention of learning over time.
Pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness activities are essential to reduce vulnerability in a community and protect people when disasters occur. Although disaster preparedness and protective behaviours have attracted the attention of scholars worldwide, there is no significant study on the preparedness, disaster literacy and disaster resilience of rural households. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of virtual reality use on disaster literacy, disaster preparedness and individual disaster resilience in adults living in rural areas.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- parallel group 1:1 single blind randomised controlled experimental study
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental | Other: Educaiton groupParticipants randomly assigned to groups will first be given data collection forms as a pre-test. Then, the experimental group will be given an 8-week disaster risk reduction programme. They will watch PowerPoint presentations prepared by researchers and training videos prepared by AFAD on disaster preparedness, disaster response and post-disaster issues using virtual reality glasses. Subsequently, data collection for the post-test will be conducted for both groups. After a three-month follow-up period, follow-up test surveys will be collected from both groups. |
| active comparator group | Active comparator | Other: control groupThe control group will receive standard care. The standard care programme will include brochures and guidance. Personal information form, disaster literacy scale, disaster preparedness scale and disaster resistance scale will be used to collect the research data. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Over 18 years of age
- Not having received structured disaster training before
- Not having any mental problems that prevent them from completing the questionnaires
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Participants wants to leave the study
- Incomplete filling of survey forms
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Educaiton groupThe experimental group will be made to watch training videos prepared by AFAD on disaster preparedness, disaster moment and post-disaster by using virtual reality goggles. | Other | Intervention group |
| control groupThe control group will receive standard care. The standard care programme will include brochures and guidance. | Other | active comparator group |
Primary outcome
Disaster literacy scale
Time frame: 3 month
It is a self-report scale developed by Çalışkan and Üner (2023) to evaluate AFOY in people aged 18-60 years. The scale consists of 61 items and four sub-dimensions: harm reduction, preparation, intervention and improvement. Likert-type scale is graded from 1=very difficult to 5=very easy. There are no reverse items in the scale. The total score that can be obtained from the scale is between 61-305. The high score obtained from the scale shows that the disaster literacy level of individuals is high. In the scale, 0 indicates the lowest AFOY and 50 indicates the highest AFOY. The scale is divided into criteria as 0-<30 points inadequate AFOY, 30-<36 points limited AFOY, 36-<42 points adequate AFOY and 42-50 points excellent AFOY: Scores= (0-<30): inadequate AFOY; (30-<36): limited AFOY; (36-<42): adequate AFOY; (42-50): excellent AFOY. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency of the whole scale is α=0.954.
2 secondary outcomes
Disaster preparedness scale
Time frame: baseline (pre test), post test (8 week) and after 3 month
Individual Disaster Resilience Scale
Time frame: baseline (pre test), post test (8 week) and after 3 month
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Aug 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42690621EvcImen H, Uncu F. A Nurse-Led Virtual Reality-Based Disaster Risk Reduction Program for Rural Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Community Health Nurs. 2026 Sep 3:1-14. doi: 10.1080/07370016.2026.2728379. Online ahead of print.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Public Health Nursing
Not yet recruiting
Mobile Game-Based Versus Classic First Aid Education in Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Trial
First Aid, Health Education in Schoolchildren
Active, not recruiting
Effect of Web-based Nursing Navigator Programme on Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors in Women at High Risk of Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer Risk
Active, not recruiting
Technology Based Community Health Nursing(TECH-N) to Prevent Recurrent STIs After PID II
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Recruiting
The Effect of Salutogenes-Based Nursing Intervention on Older Adults
Sense of Coherence
Active, not recruiting
Program to Increase Fathers' Involvement in Infant Care
Randomised Controlled Trial, Public Health Nursing
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Educaiton group in people with Public Health Nursing, run by FATOŞ UNCU at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Disaster literacy scale (time frame: 3 month). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06565962, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Aug 2026.