Brief Skills for Safer Living (Brief-SfSL)

The QIDS is a 16-item validated depression scale. Total scores range from 0-27, with higher scores reflecting more severe depression.

The GAD-7 is a brief 7-item self-report scale measuring anxiety symptoms. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores reflecting more severe anxiety.

The DARS is a validated 17-item self-report scale measuring anhedonia across four domains. Total scores range from 0-68, with higher scores indicating lower levels of anhedonia.

The INQ is a validated 15-item self-report scale assessing social connectedness and burdensomeness. Total scores range from 15-105, with higher scores indicating higher levels of social disconnectedness and burdensomeness.

The SDS is a validated 3-item self-report scale that assesses work, social and family functioning. Total scores range from 0-30, with higher scores indicating higher impairment.

The DERS-SF is an 18-item self-report scale that assesses emotional dysregulation across 6 subscales: (1) non-acceptance of emotional responses, (2) difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviour, (3) impulse control difficulties, (4) lack of emotional awareness, (5) limited access to emotional regulation strategies and (6) lack of emotional clarity. Total scores range from 18-90, with higher scores reflecting more severe emotional dysregulation.

The Space Explorer task is an Aversive Go/No-Go task that assesses active-escape biases or the reduced ability to withhold an escape response when exposed to an aversive context. The 2x2 factorial task design results in 4 different conditions, each associated with a distinct visual cue in the form of "space junk". The meanings of the cues are learned from experience across trials based on trial outcomes: neutral (e.g., silence, absence of any aversive/rewarding visual cues) or aversive/rewarding (e.g., aversive white noise, loss/gain of points, advancing in the game, etc.). Participants are naturally incentivized to try to maximize neutral/positive outcomes and avoid aversive outcomes by choosing the right action for a given cue: Go (pressing a button), or No-go (doing nothing and simply waiting). This task takes 10-15 minutes to complete.

The Jungle Treasure Hunt task tests players' ability to infer the intentions of others and adapt under uncertainty as they pursue rewarding outcomes. Players must navigate through a jungle and collect treasure by choosing between two paths on each trial. An avatar in the form of a monkey appears before each draw and recommends which path to take, with a speech bubble above the monkey stating "Choose the LEFT path" or "Choose the RIGHT path". The player then selects the left or right path and decides how many steps to take. The reward they receive is proportional to the number of steps they take, but if they choose the wrong path, they will lose rewards. The player's total score is shown and they are informed if they were correct or incorrect. Before the game starts, the player is told that the avatar's advice may not always be accurate. This task takes 15-20 minutes to complete.

Participants will be asked to report any adverse events experienced at each visit. Investigators will measure if there are any differences in the number, severity or relatedness between group to ensure the intervention is safe.

The C-SSRS is a semi-structured clinical interview to assess suicidal ideation and behaviour (lifetime, current, and since last visit). Investigators will be analyzing if there is any difference in C-SSRS severity between groups to ensure safety of the intervention. Suicidal ideation is scored from 0-5, with 5 indicating greater severity. Intensity of suicidal ideation is scored from 0-5, with 5 indicating greater intensity. Lethality of actual suicide attempts is scored from 0-5, with 5 indicating greater lethality.