Gambling DisorderNCT06598501
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for Gambling Disorder
A study testing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in people with Gambling Disorder, run by Universitas Indonesia.
Trial summary
Treatment options for gambling disorder (GD) remain limited, with no pharmacotherapy proven effective. As of date, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the preferred therapy for GD, but the improvements often require months to show, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive therapy. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 59 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Gambling Disorder
- What is being tested?
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 10 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Oct 2024to Apr 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 59 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Subjects with pathological gambling (SOGS score ≥ 5)
- Subjects aged 18-70 years old
- Subjects who understand Bahasa Indonesia
- Subjects who agree to participate and receive treatment
Who cannot join
- Subjects with history of psychotic disorder and personality disorder according to ICD-11
- Subjects with severe neurological disorder comorbidities, which cause seizure or loss of consciousness
- Subjects with intellectual disability
- Subjects with history of neurostimulation
- Subjects with history of medical implant
- Subjects currently or expecting pregnancy
- Subjects fulfilling diagnostic criteria of substance use disorder in the last 6 months
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet.
About this study
Official title: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in the Management of Gambling Disorder in Indonesia: a Pilot and Feasibility Study
Treatment options for gambling disorder (GD) remain limited, with no pharmacotherapy proven effective. As of date, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the preferred therapy for GD, but the improvements often require months to show, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive therapy. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising treatment modality in alleviating craving. Studies have shown potential benefit of combining both CBT and rTMS in substance addiction, but not in GD. Thus, this study aims to determine the feasibility and efficacy of rTMS and CBT combination therapy in the management of GD in Indonesia.
- Conditions
- Gambling Disorder
- Being tested
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
- Medical subject headings
- Gambling
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)Device
an open arm study of 10 gambling disorder subjects will be conducted to determine the efficacy and feasibility of a multimodalistic therapy of rTMS and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for gambling disorder in Indonesia.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| rTMS and CBT | Experimental | During 5 weeks of therapy, the subjects will undergo 12 CBT sessions (30-40 minutes) combined with 15 rTMS procedures (20 minutes). Receives: Device: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Improvement in pathological gambling score
South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Indonesian version, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 20. A score of 0-2 indicates no pathological gambling; a score of 3-4 indicates problems with gambling, and a score of 5 or more indicates that the subject is a probable pathological gambler. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in gambling symptoms severity
Gambling Symptoms Assessment Scale (G-SAS), Indonesian version, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 48. Interpretations: Mild (8-20), Moderate (21-30), Severe (31-40), and Extreme (41-48). Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in gambling urge
Gambling Urge Scale (GUS), Indonesian version, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 42. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in gambling related cognitive distortions
Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS), Indonesian version, with 5 cognitive distortion domains. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Secondary outcomes (4)
Improvement in gambling-related cognitive functions
Creyos (formerly Cambridge Brain Sciences, CBS), measures 12 domains of cognitive function with the subject results compared with their respective average age results in percentile. A higher percentile is a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in depression symptoms
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI II), measures severity of depression symptoms, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 63. Interpretation: (1) minimal (0-13), (2) mild (14-19), (3) moderate (20-28), and (4) severe (29-63). Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in self-reported psychological distress
20-item Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Indonesian version, measures non-specific psychological distress. Score range 0-20, with scores >10 classified as mental distress. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement of overall severity of illness
Clinical Global Impression (CGI), measure overall severity of illness and improvement observed by the clinician. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Measured: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Sep 2024
- Study startOct 2024 (estimated)
- Primary completionDec 2024 (estimated)
- Study completionApr 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Gambling DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Universitas IndonesiaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 10 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas Indonesia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Radboud University Medical Center
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Kristiana Siste, Universitas Indonesia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06598501
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 34/IV/KS/05/2023
- Status last verified
- Sep 2024
- First submitted
- 14 Sep 2024
- Last updated
- 19 Sep 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Siste K, Sen LT, Murtani BJ, Hanafi E, Kusuma KS, Aryani A, Schellekens A, van Eijndhoven P, Dalhuisen I, Biemans T. Utilizing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the management of gambling disorder in Indonesia: protocol for a pilot and feasibility study. Front Psychiatry. 2025 Sep 5;16:1658195. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1658195. eCollection 2025.
PubMed 40980053
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Sep 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in the Management of Gambling Disorder in Indonesia: a Pilot and Feasibility Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06598501
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 34/IV/KS/05/2023
- Conditions
- Gambling Disorder
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 10 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas IndonesiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Radboud University Medical Center
- Study start
- Oct 2024 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- Dec 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Apr 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 19 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Treatment options for gambling disorder (GD) remain limited, with no pharmacotherapy proven effective. As of date, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the preferred therapy for GD, but the improvements often require months to show, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive therapy. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising treatment modality in alleviating craving. Studies have shown potential benefit of combining both CBT and rTMS in substance addiction, but not in GD. Thus, this study aims to determine the feasibility and efficacy of rTMS and CBT combination therapy in the management of GD in Indonesia.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| rTMS and CBT | Experimental | Device: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)During 5 weeks of therapy, the subjects will undergo 12 CBT sessions (30-40 minutes) combined with 15 rTMS procedures (20 minutes). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 59 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Subjects with pathological gambling (SOGS score ≥ 5)
- Subjects aged 18-70 years old
- Subjects who understand Bahasa Indonesia
- Subjects who agree to participate and receive treatment
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Subjects with history of psychotic disorder and personality disorder according to ICD-11
- Subjects with severe neurological disorder comorbidities, which cause seizure or loss of consciousness
- Subjects with intellectual disability
- Subjects with history of neurostimulation
- Subjects with history of medical implant
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)an open arm study of 10 gambling disorder subjects will be conducted to determine the efficacy and feasibility of a multimodalistic therapy of rTMS and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for gambling disorder in Indonesia. | Device | rTMS and CBT |
Primary outcome
Improvement in pathological gambling score
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Indonesian version, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 20. A score of 0-2 indicates no pathological gambling; a score of 3-4 indicates problems with gambling, and a score of 5 or more indicates that the subject is a probable pathological gambler. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Improvement in gambling symptoms severity
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Gambling Symptoms Assessment Scale (G-SAS), Indonesian version, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 48. Interpretations: Mild (8-20), Moderate (21-30), Severe (31-40), and Extreme (41-48). Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Improvement in gambling urge
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Gambling Urge Scale (GUS), Indonesian version, with minimum score of 0 and maximum score of 42. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
Improvement in gambling related cognitive distortions
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS), Indonesian version, with 5 cognitive distortion domains. Lower score indicates a better outcome.
4 secondary outcomes
Improvement in gambling-related cognitive functions
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in depression symptoms
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement in self-reported psychological distress
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Improvement of overall severity of illness
Time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Sep 2024.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40980053Siste K, Sen LT, Murtani BJ, Hanafi E, Kusuma KS, Aryani A, Schellekens A, van Eijndhoven P, Dalhuisen I, Biemans T. Utilizing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the management of gambling disorder in Indonesia: protocol for a pilot and feasibility study. Front Psychiatry. 2025 Sep 5;16:1658195. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1658195. eCollection 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in people with Gambling Disorder, run by Universitas Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Sep 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Kevin Surya Kusuma (+6282110603921, kevinsurya97@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Improvement in pathological gambling score (time frame: Baseline (week 0), interim assessment (week 3), post-intervention (week 6), follow up at 3 months and 6 months after intervention). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06598501, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Sep 2024.