HypertensionNCT06601738
Isometric and Dynamic Handgrip Training Effects on Hypertension
A study testing Isomeric Hand Grip Exercises and Dynamic Hand Grip Exercises in people with Hypertension, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Essential hypertension accounts for 13 percent of total deaths worldwide, accounting for one of the major risk factors. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 30 to 55 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hypertension
- What is being tested?
- Isomeric Hand Grip Exercises and Dynamic Hand Grip Exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 30 Aug 2024to 30 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 30 to 55 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Gender (both)
- Age (30-55 years)
- Grade 1 hypertensive patients as per AHA and JNC7 criteria
Who cannot join
- Patients having hypertension associated due to other diseases.
- Patients having joint problems of wrist, hand fingers, ligament and tendon injuries of hand and fingers.
- Patients having recent hand surgeries, fracture, history of arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome.
- Patient having history of any symptoms of chest pain.
- Patients having loss of consciousness during physical activity.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects Of Isometrics and Dynamic Handgrip Exercise Training On Cardiovascular Parameters In Hypertensive Patients
Essential hypertension accounts for 13 percent of total deaths worldwide, accounting for one of the major risk factors. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher). Dynamic exercises, sustained hand grip contractions elicit lower systolic blood pressure and heart rate responses. So for patients undergoing exercise therapy, low intensity isometric exercises are preferable. Significant reduction is seen in mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in individuals conducting isometric for 8 weeks in 30%. The reduction in systolic blood pressure will be clinically significant. The main objective of this study will be to determine the effects of dynamic and isometric handgrip exercise training on cardiovascular parameters in hypertensive patients Grade 1 hypertensive patients are included as per AHA and JNC7 criteria. A sample of 100 hypertensive patients will be recruited and divided into two treatment groups; G1: dynamic exercise in hypertensive patients, and G2: isometric exercise in hypertensive patients. Outcome measure will include systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse pressure. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and 2nd and 4th weeks posttreatment.
Read the detailed description
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases leading to morbidity and mortality, affecting millions of people every year. Pharmaceutical management is the main treatment method used. Exercise therapy mainly isometrics and dynamic handgrip exercises provide a non pharmacological management leading to decrease in symptoms. The association of hypertension with physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and occupational exposure to chemicals, obesity, older age, genetics, being overweight or obese, not being physically active, ,high-salt diet, job insecurity, job loss, and the psychosocial work environment and drinking too much alcohol. Lifestyle changes like eating a healthier diet, quitting tobacco, and being more active can help lower blood pressure. Hypertension rates are strongly associated with age. Acute effects of isometric and dynamic handgrip exercise on cardiovascular parameters in hypertensive subjects are numerous . They may also have some adverse effects on the cardiorespiratory system, particularly, through the elevation of blood pressure.
Since an acute bout of exercise can transiently improve cardiovascular endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and ambulatory blood pressure. The dynamic handgrip exercise is performed by repetitive contraction and relaxation of the hand at a maximum frequency. In order to determine the intensity of handgrip exercises, maximum isometric handgrip strength of the right and left hand was measured with a handgrip dynamometer. Isometric exercises differ from dynamic exercises because in this there is no change in muscle length or static force. Single handgrip exercise could reduce the blood pressure for couple of hours so a patient can perform this exercise several times a day if not being fatigue.
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Being tested
- Isomeric Hand Grip Exercises, Dynamic Hand Grip Exercises
- Keywords
- Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure, Pulse Pressure
- Medical subject headings
- Hypertension
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Isomeric Hand Grip ExercisesOther
Patients will be instructed to squeeze and sustain the dynamometer for 2 min at 30% M.V.C. The dynamometer pointer which read the scale provided visual feedback to the subjects for the maintenance of the 30% M.V.C. This procedure will be repeated twice for each training session with a 5-minute rest in between.
Dynamic Hand Grip ExercisesOther
Dynamic handgrip exercise was performed with both-sided, metronome-guided rhythmic hand contractions for 2min. The handgrip ring, closest to 20% of MVC, was chosen for DHE which was performed at a frequency of 30/min, acoustically indicated by a metronome beat.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Isomeric Hand Grip Exercises |
| Group B | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Dynamic Hand Grip Exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
6 Minute Walk test
It is a standard method for measuring exercise capacity in patients with cardiopulmonary disease such as PAH. The 6MWT measures how far a patient can walk in 6 minutes. Walking is an activity performed every day by most patients except for those most severely limited. By assessing patients\' ability to exercise, the 6MWT provides a global assessment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and cognitive function. The 6MWT does not differentiate what limits the patient nor does it assess maximal exercise capacity. Instead, the 6MWT allows the patient to exercise at a daily functional level and is a useful tool for assessing severity of disease, and increasing walk distance correlates with a subjective improvement in dyspnea
Measured: Baseline; 4nd Week; 8th Week
Blood Pressure Measurements (SBP & DBP)
An appropriately sized cuff for the arm circumference was installed on the non-dominant arm. Blood pressure was measured every 20 minutes by 24 hours, and awake and sleep periods were determined according to information provided by the patients, the following are 7 strategies recommended by the AHA/AMA for accurate attainment of BP: 1) no conversation, 2) empty bladder, 3) use correct cuff size, 4) place BP cuff on bare arm, 5) support arm at heart level, 6) keep legs uncrossed, and 7) support back and feet
Measured: Baseline; 4nd Week; 8th Week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Sep 2024
- Study start30 Aug 2024
- Primary completion30 Dec 2024
- Study completion30 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HypertensionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Arisha Noor, MS*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06601738
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Arisha Noor
- Status last verified
- Jun 2025
- First submitted
- 16 Sep 2024
- Last updated
- 15 Jun 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Oliveira-Silva L, Fecchio RY, Silva Junior NDD, Pio-Abreu A, Silva GVD, Drager LF, Silva de Sousa JC, Forjaz CLM. Post-dynamic, isometric and combined resistance exercise responses in medicated hypertensive men. J Hum Hypertens. 2024 Jan;38(1):52-61. doi: 10.1038/s41371-023-00859-1. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
PubMed 37670145Ogbutor GU, Nwangwa EK, Uyagu DD. Isometric handgrip exercise training attenuates blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects at 30% maximum voluntary contraction. Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Dec;22(12):1765-1771. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_240_18.
PubMed 31793486Cahu Rodrigues SL, Farah BQ, Silva G, Correia M, Pedrosa R, Vianna L, Ritti-Dias RM. Vascular effects of isometric handgrip training in hypertensives. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2020;42(1):24-30. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1557683. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
PubMed 30626217Punia S, Kulandaivelan S. Home-based isometric handgrip training on RBP in hypertensive adults-Partial preliminary findings from RCT. Physiother Res Int. 2020 Jan;25(1):e1806. doi: 10.1002/pri.1806. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
PubMed 31418966Polito MD, Papst R, Goessler K. Twelve weeks of resistance training performed with different number of sets: Effects on maximal strength and resting blood pressure of individuals with hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2021 Feb 17;43(2):164-168. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2020.1833024. Epub 2020 Oct 10.
PubMed 33043697Kappus RM, Bunsawat K, Brown MD, Phillips SA, Haus JM, Baynard T, Fernhall B. Effect of oxidative stress on racial differences in vascular function at rest and during hand grip exercise. J Hypertens. 2017 Oct;35(10):2006-2015. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001433.
PubMed 28594709Fecchio RY, de Sousa JCS, Oliveira-Silva L, da Silva Junior ND, Pio-Abreu A, da Silva GV, Drager LF, Low DA, Forjaz CLM. Effects of dynamic, isometric and combined resistance training on blood pressure and its mechanisms in hypertensive men. Hypertens Res. 2023 Apr;46(4):1031-1043. doi: 10.1038/s41440-023-01202-4. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
PubMed 36759659
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Jun 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects Of Isometrics and Dynamic Handgrip Exercise Training On Cardiovascular Parameters In Hypertensive Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06601738
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Arisha Noor
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Keywords
- Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure, Pulse Pressure
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Essential hypertension accounts for 13 percent of total deaths worldwide, accounting for one of the major risk factors. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher). Dynamic exercises, sustained hand grip contractions elicit lower systolic blood pressure and heart rate responses. So for patients undergoing exercise therapy, low intensity isometric exercises are preferable. Significant reduction is seen in mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in individuals conducting isometric for 8 weeks in 30%. The reduction in systolic blood pressure will be clinically significant. The main objective of this study will be to determine the effects of dynamic and isometric handgrip exercise training on cardiovascular parameters in hypertensive patients Grade 1 hypertensive patients are included as per AHA and JNC7 criteria. A sample of 100 hypertensive patients will be recruited and divided into two treatment groups; G1: dynamic exercise in hypertensive patients, and G2: isometric exercise in hypertensive patients. Outcome measure will include systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse pressure. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and 2nd and 4th weeks posttreatment.
Detailed description
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases leading to morbidity and mortality, affecting millions of people every year. Pharmaceutical management is the main treatment method used. Exercise therapy mainly isometrics and dynamic handgrip exercises provide a non pharmacological management leading to decrease in symptoms. The association of hypertension with physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and occupational exposure to chemicals, obesity, older age, genetics, being overweight or obese, not being physically active, ,high-salt diet, job insecurity, job loss, and the psychosocial work environment and drinking too much alcohol. Lifestyle changes like eating a healthier diet, quitting tobacco, and being more active can help lower blood pressure. Hypertension rates are strongly associated with age. Acute effects of isometric and dynamic handgrip exercise on cardiovascular parameters in hypertensive subjects are numerous . They may also have some adverse effects on the cardiorespiratory system, particularly, through the elevation of blood pressure.
Since an acute bout of exercise can transiently improve cardiovascular endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and ambulatory blood pressure. The dynamic handgrip exercise is performed by repetitive contraction and relaxation of the hand at a maximum frequency. In order to determine the intensity of handgrip exercises, maximum isometric handgrip strength of the right and left hand was measured with a handgrip dynamometer. Isometric exercises differ from dynamic exercises because in this there is no change in muscle length or static force. Single handgrip exercise could reduce the blood pressure for couple of hours so a patient can perform this exercise several times a day if not being fatigue.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: Isomeric Hand Grip Exercises |
| Group B | Active comparator | Other: Dynamic Hand Grip Exercises |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 30 to 55 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Gender (both)
- Age (30-55 years)
- Grade 1 hypertensive patients as per AHA and JNC7 criteria
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Patients having hypertension associated due to other diseases.
- Patients having joint problems of wrist, hand fingers, ligament and tendon injuries of hand and fingers.
- Patients having recent hand surgeries, fracture, history of arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome.
- Patient having history of any symptoms of chest pain.
- Patients having loss of consciousness during physical activity.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Isomeric Hand Grip ExercisesPatients will be instructed to squeeze and sustain the dynamometer for 2 min at 30% M.V.C. The dynamometer pointer which read the scale provided visual feedback to the subjects for the maintenance of the 30% M.V.C. This procedure will be repeated twice for each training session with a 5-minute rest in between. | Other | Group A |
| Dynamic Hand Grip ExercisesDynamic handgrip exercise was performed with both-sided, metronome-guided rhythmic hand contractions for 2min. The handgrip ring, closest to 20% of MVC, was chosen for DHE which was performed at a frequency of 30/min, acoustically indicated by a metronome beat. | Other | Group B |
Primary outcome
6 Minute Walk test
Time frame: Baseline; 4nd Week; 8th Week
It is a standard method for measuring exercise capacity in patients with cardiopulmonary disease such as PAH. The 6MWT measures how far a patient can walk in 6 minutes. Walking is an activity performed every day by most patients except for those most severely limited. By assessing patients\' ability to exercise, the 6MWT provides a global assessment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and cognitive function. The 6MWT does not differentiate what limits the patient nor does it assess maximal exercise capacity. Instead, the 6MWT allows the patient to exercise at a daily functional level and is a useful tool for assessing severity of disease, and increasing walk distance correlates with a subjective improvement in dyspnea
Blood Pressure Measurements (SBP & DBP)
Time frame: Baseline; 4nd Week; 8th Week
An appropriately sized cuff for the arm circumference was installed on the non-dominant arm. Blood pressure was measured every 20 minutes by 24 hours, and awake and sleep periods were determined according to information provided by the patients, the following are 7 strategies recommended by the AHA/AMA for accurate attainment of BP: 1) no conversation, 2) empty bladder, 3) use correct cuff size, 4) place BP cuff on bare arm, 5) support arm at heart level, 6) keep legs uncrossed, and 7) support back and feet
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Jun 2025.
- Background: PubMed 37670145Oliveira-Silva L, Fecchio RY, Silva Junior NDD, Pio-Abreu A, Silva GVD, Drager LF, Silva de Sousa JC, Forjaz CLM. Post-dynamic, isometric and combined resistance exercise responses in medicated hypertensive men. J Hum Hypertens. 2024 Jan;38(1):52-61. doi: 10.1038/s41371-023-00859-1. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
- Background: PubMed 31793486Ogbutor GU, Nwangwa EK, Uyagu DD. Isometric handgrip exercise training attenuates blood pressure in prehypertensive subjects at 30% maximum voluntary contraction. Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Dec;22(12):1765-1771. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_240_18.
- Background: PubMed 30626217Cahu Rodrigues SL, Farah BQ, Silva G, Correia M, Pedrosa R, Vianna L, Ritti-Dias RM. Vascular effects of isometric handgrip training in hypertensives. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2020;42(1):24-30. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1557683. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
- Background: PubMed 31418966Punia S, Kulandaivelan S. Home-based isometric handgrip training on RBP in hypertensive adults-Partial preliminary findings from RCT. Physiother Res Int. 2020 Jan;25(1):e1806. doi: 10.1002/pri.1806. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
- Background: PubMed 33043697Polito MD, Papst R, Goessler K. Twelve weeks of resistance training performed with different number of sets: Effects on maximal strength and resting blood pressure of individuals with hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2021 Feb 17;43(2):164-168. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2020.1833024. Epub 2020 Oct 10.
- Background: PubMed 28594709Kappus RM, Bunsawat K, Brown MD, Phillips SA, Haus JM, Baynard T, Fernhall B. Effect of oxidative stress on racial differences in vascular function at rest and during hand grip exercise. J Hypertens. 2017 Oct;35(10):2006-2015. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001433.
- Background: PubMed 36759659Fecchio RY, de Sousa JCS, Oliveira-Silva L, da Silva Junior ND, Pio-Abreu A, da Silva GV, Drager LF, Low DA, Forjaz CLM. Effects of dynamic, isometric and combined resistance training on blood pressure and its mechanisms in hypertensive men. Hypertens Res. 2023 Apr;46(4):1031-1043. doi: 10.1038/s41440-023-01202-4. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Arisha Noor, MS* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Isomeric Hand Grip Exercises and Dynamic Hand Grip Exercises in people with Hypertension, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
6 Minute Walk test (time frame: Baseline; 4nd Week; 8th Week). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06601738, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jun 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 31 Oct 2026.