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Tobacco Use CessationNCT06629467

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment With Activity Trackers for Smoking Cessation

A study testing Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation, Personalized PA plan and Fitbit Versa 3 in people with Tobacco Use Cessation and Physical Activity, run by University of Oviedo at 1 site in Spain.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Given the high prevalence of deaths per year attributable to tobacco use, improving smoking cessation treatments is an important public health priority Worldwide. It is also known that practicing physical activity (PA) may help with smoking cessation. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Tobacco Use Cessation, Physical Activity
What is being tested?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation, Personalized PA plan and Fitbit Versa 3
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
128 participants
Where
1 siteSpain
Study dates
10 May 2023to 1 Dec 2025
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Being aged 18 or over.
  • Smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day.

Who cannot join

  • Being currently receiving other psychological or pharmacological treatment for smoking cessation.
  • Being diagnosed with substance use disorder or severe psychiatric disorder.
  • Active suicidal ideation.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Spain1 site
  • Clinical Unit of Addictive Behaviors

    Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, 33003

Other trials in Spain

About this study

Given the high prevalence of deaths per year attributable to tobacco use, improving smoking cessation treatments is an important public health priority Worldwide. It is also known that practicing physical activity (PA) may help with smoking cessation. Physical activity trackers (PATs) have been demonstrated to increase PA levels among various populations, as a sole intervention or in combination with behavioral interventions targeting PA.

This study aims to examine the feasibility and effect of a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) + Physical Activity Tracker use (Fitbit Versa 3®) for smoking cessation.

Read more

In this study, an estimated sample of 120 adult smokers of at least 10 cigarettes per day will be randomly allocated to one of the following conditions: 1) CBT for smoking cessation + PAT; 2) CBT for smoking cessation.

Mail goals: 1) To examine the feasibility (i.e., adherence, perceived utility, satisfaction) of integrating Fitbit Versa 3® into a CBT for smoking cessation; 2) to examine the effectiveness of CBT for smoking cessation + PAT and CBT for smoking cessation in terms of smoking abstinence rates (point-prevalence and days of continuous abstinence), PA (i.e., steps per day, moderate to vigorous physical activity), physiological outcomes (i.e. sleep quality, quality of life) and mental health outcomes (anxiety and depression symptoms, difficulties in emotional regulation); 3) to examine the association between PA levels and study outcomes

Read the detailed description

PATs provide information on several objective data related to PA and sleep habits, amongst others. Incipient research has piloted its use for vulnerable populations (e.g., mental health disorders, cancer patients), obtaining satisfactory effects on both feasibility and effectiveness outcomes. In the field of substance use, some studies looked at the effects of PATs on PA but did not evaluate them in a randomized clinical trial. Moreover, increases in PA and improvements in emotional variables may be associated with smoking abstinence, and, arguably, using PAT devices may have an indirect impact on smoking abstinence via these variables.

A 6-week protocol will be employed, including group-based cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking cessation treatment and PAT use. Participants will be recruited from the community and will be randomly allocated to the following conditions: 1) CBT for smoking cessation + PATs; 2) CBT for smoking cessation

A priori power analysis was conducted using Monte Carlo methods to estimate the statistical power of the generalized estimating equations (GEE) models used to analyze seven-day point-prevalence abstinence rates. Assessment point and treatment condition were included as fixed factors, and age was included as a covariate. Additional subject-level variability was incorporated to approximate within-subject correlation across repeated measurements. Under assumptions of a large effect size for time (approximately OR = 2.0), statistical power reached approximately 0.68 for a sample size of 120 participants, indicating moderate sensitivity to detect longitudinal changes in abstinence outcomes. In the case of PA (i.e., steps per day), a Monte Carlo simulation was conducted for a mixed linear model (MLM) including time and group as fixed effects. Age and baseline PA levels were included as covariates. Power exceeded 0.90 even at sample sizes of approximately 30 participants, so the design is fully powered. R 4.5.3 was used for the power analysis.

Analyses will be conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), R, JASP, and JAMOVI. A set of univariate (i.e., descriptive statistics and frequencies) and multivariate analyses (i.e., t-tests, GEE, and MLM)

Being tested
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation, Personalized PA plan, Fitbit Versa 3
Keywords
Tobacco, Physical activity, Activity tracker, Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Medical subject headings
Tobacco Use Cessation, Motor Activity

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessationBehavioural

    Treatment components will include psychoeducation on the consequences of tobacco use and the benefits of quitting; therapeutic commitment; self-monitoring of cigarette smoking; brief advice on healthy eating behaviors and sleep hygiene, physiological feedback (based on CO levels), training in self-control strategies, stimulus control, management of craving with alternative activities, diaphragmatic breathing, weekly personalized physical activity objectives, and relapse prevention strategies. The protocol consists of a nicotine fading procedure, which consists of a weekly reduction in nicotine intake of 30% (based on both tobacco brands and the number of cigarettes) from the first to the fifth session.

  • Personalized PA planBehavioural

    The treatment provider will fix an objective (e.g. go for brisk walking for 30 minutes 3 times this week) for each participant every week according to his/her current PA level, time availability, likes, and fitness level.

  • Fitbit Versa 3Device

    Wearable activity tracker with the functionalities of a watch function, including time, date, calendar, and weather (connection to the internet is required). Physical activity monitoring (steps per day, active minutes per day, plants climbed, heart rate monitoring, time, intensity, caloric expenditure, and exercise type of exercise session), sleep monitoring (sleep time, sleep phases time, sleep quality), stress levels managing and guided breathing application are the main health-related functionalities.

Study groups in NCT06629467
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
1) CBT for smoking cessation + personalized PA plan + Fitbit Versa 3 ®.ExperimentalThe intervention will be delivered in groups (maximum 4 participants) for a total of 6 weeks. Sessions (1.5 hours) will take place once per week. Personalized PA objectives will be set during the treatment. Participants in this arm will wear the Fitbit Versa 3® during the treatment (6 weeks).
Receives: Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation; Behavioral: Personalized PA plan; Device: Fitbit Versa 3
2) CBT for smoking cessation + personalized PA planActive comparatorThis intervention include the same components as described above. The exception will be that participants will not be requested to wear the Fitbit Versa 3®.
Receives: Behavioral: Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation; Behavioral: Personalized PA plan

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Acceptability of the activity tracker

    Acceptability of the activity tracker is measured using the Participant Experience Questionnaire (PEQ) at the end of treatment. This scale ranges from 10 to 50. A higher score means higher acceptability.

    Measured: End-of-treatment (6-weeks)

  2. Tobacco use

    This variable is operationalized as changes in cigarettes/day, carbon monoxide (CO) changes, and self-reported and verified abstinence (i.e., ≤4 ppm).

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  3. Feasibility of treatment and activity tracker use

    Feasibility is operationalized as treatment completion, attendance to sessions and adherence to Fitbit Versa 3 use.

    Measured: End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  4. Physical activity

    Physical activity (PA) is operationalized as steps per day, plants climbed per day, distance covered per day (kilometers), light physical activity (minutes per day), moderate physical activity (minutes per week), vigorous physical activity (minutes per week), and sedentary time (hours per day). These outcomes will be measured using an adapted version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Fitbit Versa 3®.

    Measured: In-treatment, from enrollment to end-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  5. Activity tracker perceived utility

    Perceived utility with the activity tracker is measured using dichotomous (yes/no) ad-hoc; questions about the utility of the activity tracker for smoking cessation, increasing physical activity, and improving sleep quality.

    Measured: End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Anxiety symptoms

    Anxiety symptoms are measured using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). This questionnaire ranges from 0 to 21. Higher punctuation means higher anxiety levels symptoms.

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  2. Depression symptoms

    Depression symptoms are measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). This questionnaire ranges from 0 to 14. A higher punctuation means higher depression symptom levels.

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  3. Hypothetical demand for cigarettes

    CPT (Cigarette purchase task) (Items: Maximum number of cigarettes smoked per day, maximum expenditure in cigarettes per day and maximum expenditure per pack)

    Measured: Enrollment

  4. Emotional dysregulation of negative valence emotions

    Emotional dysregulation of negative emotions is measured with the Difficulties in emotion regulation scale-16 (DERS-16). This scale ranges from 16 to 80 points. A higher score means more difficulties in emotion regulation of negative valence emotions.

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  5. Emotional dysregulation of positive valence emotions

    Emotional dysregulation of positive emotions is measured with Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Positive (DERS-P). This scale ranges from 13 to 65. A higher score means more difficulties in emotion regulation of positive valence emotions.

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  6. Delay Discounting

    Single and cross-commodity computerized Delay Discounting task of money and tobacco (delay of one day, one week, one month and six month time)

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  7. Suicide ideation

    This variable is measured with the Paykel suicide ideation scale (PSS). This scale ranges from 0 to 5 points. Higher punctuation means more severe suicide ideation.

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  8. Life Quality

    This variable is measured with the European quality of life- 5 dimensions- 5 levels (EQ-5D-5L). This scale ranges from 5 to 25. A higher score means less life quality (more health-related problems).

    Measured: From Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

  9. Sleep quality

    This variable is measured using The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). This scale ranges from 0 to 21 points. A higher score means lower sleep quality. In addition, Fitbit Versa 3 provides a sleep quality punctuation ranging from 0 to 100. A higher punctuation means better sleep quality.

    Measured: In treatment (6 weeks), from Enrollment to End-of-treatment (6-weeks), one-, three-, six-, -month follow-up.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted8 Oct 2024
  2. Study start10 May 2023
  3. Primary completion1 Dec 2025
  4. Study completion1 Dec 2025

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
128 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06629467
Sponsor's protocol ID
SV-PA-21-AYUD/2021/50884.
Status last verified
Oct 2024
First submitted
29 Jul 2024
Last updated
22 Jul 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Abrantes AM, Van Noppen D, Bailey G, Uebelacker LA, Buman M, Stein MD. A Feasibility Study of a Peer-Facilitated Physical Activity Intervention in Methadone Maintenance. Ment Health Phys Act. 2021 Oct;21:100419. doi: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100419. Epub 2021 Aug 14.

    PubMed 34552664
  • Carreiro S, Chintha KK, Shrestha S, Chapman B, Smelson D, Indic P. Wearable sensor-based detection of stress and craving in patients during treatment for substance use disorder: A mixed methods pilot study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Apr 1;209:107929. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107929. Epub 2020 Mar 3.

    PubMed 32193048
  • Goldfine C, Lai JT, Lucey E, Newcomb M, Carreiro S. Wearable and Wireless mHealth Technologies for Substance Use Disorder. Curr Addict Rep. 2020 Sep;7(3):291-300. doi: 10.1007/s40429-020-00318-8. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

    PubMed 33738178
  • Purani H, Friedrichsen S, Allen AM. Sleep quality in cigarette smokers: Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise. Addict Behav. 2019 Mar;90:71-76. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.023. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

    PubMed 30368021

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation, Personalized PA plan and Fitbit Versa 3 in people with Tobacco Use Cessation and Physical Activity, run by University of Oviedo at 1 site in Spain.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Acceptability of the activity tracker (time frame: End-of-treatment (6-weeks)). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06629467, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jul 2026.

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