Healthy ControlNCT06633913
Concurrent TMS-fMRI
A study testing spTMS-TBS-spTMS in people with Healthy Control and Depression, run by Jing Jiang at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the neural mechanisms underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in both healthy controls (HCs) and patients with high negative affect symptoms, such as depression. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy Control, Depression
- What is being tested?
- spTMS-TBS-spTMS
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 97 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 19 Apr 2024to 31 Jan 2029
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Diagnosis of major depressive disorder
- Age greater than or equal to 18 years
- Age less than or equal to 65 years
- Able to understand and consent for research participation
- English-speaking
- Report no lifetime psychiatric diagnosis and treatment
Show all 11Show fewer
- scores on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) lower than 4
- Age greater than or equal to 18 years
- Age less than or equal to 65 years
- Able to understand and consent for research participation
- English-speaking
Who cannot join
- Age less than 18 years
- Age greater than 65 years
- With epilepsy or seizure disorder
- With implanted ferromagnetic equipment in their face or skull near the stimulation target
- MRI Exclusion criteria for all subjects:
- Implanted device including pacemaker, coronary stent, defibrillator, or neurostimulation device that is not MRI-compatible
Show all 19Show fewer
- Metal in body including bullets, shrapnel, metal slivers
- Claustrophobia
- Uncontrolled high blood pressure
- Blood circulation problems
- Opiate medication, antihypertensive medication, or any medication that interferes with blood flow (interferes with fMRI recordings)
- Significant heart disease, such as atrial fibrillation
- Pregnancy in female participants
- Prior exposure to deep brain stimulation, rTMS, or tDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation) therapies
- History of neurological or cardiovascular disorders, brain surgery, radiation treatment, brain hemorrhage or tumor, stroke, or diabetes
- Significant traumatic brain injury (loss of consciousness, post-injury amnesia, significant radiological/neurological findings, penetrating brain injury)
- Refusal to abstain from illicit drug use for duration of the study
- Refusal to abstain from alcohol within 24 hours of scans
- If you would like to participate in the study, click this link to fill out the Screening Form: https://redcap.icts.uiowa.edu/redcap/surveys/?s=DEYHWF8TMCHHW4Y7. Kindly note that our research team will contact you directly only if you meet the eligibility criteria for the study. Due to the high volume of responses, we are unable to reply to individual inquiries or provide feedback about eligibility decisions.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine
Iowa City, Iowa, 52242
About this study
Official title: Neural Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using Concurrent Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the neural mechanisms underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in both healthy controls (HCs) and patients with high negative affect symptoms, such as depression. Approximately half male and half female participants aged 18-65 will be recruited.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Read more
- Is the acute/transient effect induced by single-pulse TMS related to the long-term modulatory effect induced by repetitive TMS (rTMS)?
- Do any of these effects predict negative affect symptoms, such as depression?
Participants will:
- Complete several tests to assess their cognitive abilities and emotional states
- Undergo several brain scans, including resting-state fMRI, structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and task fMRI
- Have two different types of TMS sequences, single-pulse and repetitive pulses, administered to specific brain regions while undergoing fMRI
Read the detailed description
The purpose of this study is to examine the neural mechanisms underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Research is conducted in both healthy controls (HCs) and patients with high negative affect symptoms, such as depression. Participants will undergo two visits, the first lasting about two hours and the second, scheduled within one week of the first, also lasting about two hours. Approximately half male and half female participants aged 18-65 will be recruited. The aims are to examine (1) whether the acute/transient effect induced by single-pulse TMS is related to the long-term modulatory effect induced by rTMS, and (2) whether any of these effects predict negative affect symptoms, such as depression.
In the first visit, participants will complete several tests to assess their cognitive abilities and emotional states, specifically measuring depression levels. These tests will help explore the relationship between their cognitive/emotional states and brain activity during TMS-fMRI. After the tests, participants will undergo several brain scans to determine the best locations for TMS during the second visit and to measure the strength of connections between different brain regions. During the second visit, participants will undergo three parts of TMS-fMRI scanning. The first part involves applying single-pulse TMS to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a control area (the vertex) while taking fMRI scans. This helps elucidate how TMS affects deep brain regions related to mood disorders. By comparing brain responses to TMS between healthy controls and patients, researchers can gain important knowledge of whether the neural pathways between stimulated region and these subcortical brain regions are disrupted in patients. The second part includes theta-burst stimulation (TBS) of TMS to the DLPFC, which is a stimulation protocol approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Finally, in the third part, single-pulse TMS is administered again after TBS to see if the TBS has changed the brain's response. Comparing the after-TBS single-pulse TMS-evoked brain responses with before-TBS responses would allow the investigators to track whether the TBS could change the disrupted neural pathways in patients. Investigators will also examine how participants' cognitive/emotional test results and brain connectivity relate to the TMS-evoked brain responses and the effects of TBS. Any potential relationships found can provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of how individual differences in cognitive/emotional functioning and brain connectivity profile might influence or be influenced by brain stimulation, which could ultimately inform personalized approaches to neuromodulation therapies.
- Conditions
- Healthy Control, Depression
- Being tested
- spTMS-TBS-spTMS
- Keywords
- Depression, TMS, fMRI, TMS-fMRI, TBS, Functional Connectivity, Individual Differences, Mood Disorders
- Medical subject headings
- Depression, Mood Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
spTMS-TBS-spTMSDevice
This study uses fMRI in combination with single-pulse TMS (spTMS) and theta-burst stimulation (TBS) to determine if the two effects coming from each are related to one another, and if there will be changes in brain activity when undergoing spTMS that are induced by TBS. Additionally, by stimulating the dlPFC in both patients and healthy controls with this paradigm, researchers are able to specifically compare the after-TBS single-pulse TMS-evoked brain responses with before-TBS responses to observe if TBS will change neural pathways disrupted in those who display high negative affect (e.g. depression).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| spTMS-TBS-spTMS | Experimental | This is an open-label, single-arm study. The intervention will be delivered in spTMS-TBS-spTMS order to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and vertex for each participant as described in the "Interventions" section. The order of the stimulation sites will be counterbalanced across participants. Receives: Device: spTMS-TBS-spTMS |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pre and Post TBS Modulation Effect Comparison
The primary outcome measure will be the modulation effect of TBS to the dlPFC, which is the difference between TMS-induced acute/transient effects before and after TBS. The acute/transient effects will be assessed through single-pulse TMS-induced fMRI blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responses. The difference in BOLD response before and after TBS (i.e., TBS modulation effect) will be assessed using paired t-tests reported with t and p values.
Measured: Up To 10 Minutes
Difference in TBS Modulation Effect Across Comparison Groups
Another primary outcome measure is whether this TBS modulation effect is different between healthy controls and patients with high negative affect symptoms (e.g. depression). The difference will be assessed using independent t-tests reported with t and p values.
Measured: Up to 10 Minutes
Secondary outcomes (1)
TMS Effects with Neurocognitive and Emotion Functions
The secondary outcome measure is the relationship between the TBS modulation effect, TMS-induced acute/transient effects, intrinsic network properties, and participants' neurocognitive and emotion functions. This relationship will be assessed using the Pearson correlation reported using r and p values.
The intrinsic network properties will be assessed by participants' (1) resting-state fMRI-based functional connectivity reported with Pearson based r values between two brain regions, (2) DTI MRI-based structural connectivity reported by the number of white matter streamlines. The neurocognitive functions will be assessed with cognitive scales and questionnaires (e.g. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)). The emotion functions will be assessed emotional scales and questionnaires (e.g. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)).
Measured: One Week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Oct 2024
- Study start19 Apr 2024
- Primary completion1 Mar 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Jan 2029 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Healthy ControlStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 97 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Jing Jiang
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Jing Jiang, University of Iowa
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06633913
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202402416
- Other IDs
- R01MH136197
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 30 Sep 2024
- Last updated
- 12 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The data will be submitted to the NIMH Data Archive every 6 months.
Publications
Mueller JK, Grigsby EM, Prevosto V, Petraglia FW 3rd, Rao H, Deng ZD, Peterchev AV, Sommer MA, Egner T, Platt ML, Grill WM. Simultaneous transcranial magnetic stimulation and single-neuron recording in alert non-human primates. Nat Neurosci. 2014 Aug;17(8):1130-6. doi: 10.1038/nn.3751. Epub 2014 Jun 29.
PubMed 24974797Kobayashi M, Pascual-Leone A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurology. Lancet Neurol. 2003 Mar;2(3):145-56. doi: 10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00321-1.
PubMed 12849236Khedr EM, Rothwell JC, Ahmed MA, El-Atar A. Effect of daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of tinnitus: comparison of different stimulus frequencies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Feb;79(2):212-5. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.127712.
PubMed 18202212Hosomi K, Shimokawa T, Ikoma K, Nakamura Y, Sugiyama K, Ugawa Y, Uozumi T, Yamamoto T, Saitoh Y. Daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of primary motor cortex for neuropathic pain: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, crossover, sham-controlled trial. Pain. 2013 Jul;154(7):1065-72. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.03.016. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
PubMed 23623156George MS. Whither TMS: A One-Trick Pony or the Beginning of a Neuroscientific Revolution? Am J Psychiatry. 2019 Nov 1;176(11):904-910. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19090957.
PubMed 31672044Cole EJ, Stimpson KH, Bentzley BS, Gulser M, Cherian K, Tischler C, Nejad R, Pankow H, Choi E, Aaron H, Espil FM, Pannu J, Xiao X, Duvio D, Solvason HB, Hawkins J, Guerra A, Jo B, Raj KS, Phillips AL, Barmak F, Bishop JH, Coetzee JP, DeBattista C, Keller J, Schatzberg AF, Sudheimer KD, Williams NR. Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 1;177(8):716-726. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19070720. Epub 2020 Apr 7.
PubMed 32252538Blumberger DM, Vila-Rodriguez F, Thorpe KE, Feffer K, Noda Y, Giacobbe P, Knyahnytska Y, Kennedy SH, Lam RW, Daskalakis ZJ, Downar J. Effectiveness of theta burst versus high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with depression (THREE-D): a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2018 Apr 28;391(10131):1683-1692. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30295-2. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
PubMed 29726344Blumberger DM, Fitzgerald PB, Mulsant BH, Daskalakis ZJ. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for refractory symptoms in schizophrenia. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2010 Mar;23(2):85-90. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283366657.
PubMed 20061953
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Neural Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using Concurrent Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06633913
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202402416
- Conditions
- Healthy Control, Depression
- Keywords
- Depression, TMS, fMRI, TMS-fMRI, TBS, Functional Connectivity, Individual Differences, Mood Disorders
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 97 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Jing JiangUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- Study start
- 19 Apr 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Jan 2029 (estimated)
- First posted
- 9 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the neural mechanisms underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in both healthy controls (HCs) and patients with high negative affect symptoms, such as depression. Approximately half male and half female participants aged 18-65 will be recruited.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Is the acute/transient effect induced by single-pulse TMS related to the long-term modulatory effect induced by repetitive TMS (rTMS)?
- Do any of these effects predict negative affect symptoms, such as depression?
Participants will:
- Complete several tests to assess their cognitive abilities and emotional states
- Undergo several brain scans, including resting-state fMRI, structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and task fMRI
- Have two different types of TMS sequences, single-pulse and repetitive pulses, administered to specific brain regions while undergoing fMRI
Detailed description
The purpose of this study is to examine the neural mechanisms underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Research is conducted in both healthy controls (HCs) and patients with high negative affect symptoms, such as depression. Participants will undergo two visits, the first lasting about two hours and the second, scheduled within one week of the first, also lasting about two hours. Approximately half male and half female participants aged 18-65 will be recruited. The aims are to examine (1) whether the acute/transient effect induced by single-pulse TMS is related to the long-term modulatory effect induced by rTMS, and (2) whether any of these effects predict negative affect symptoms, such as depression.
In the first visit, participants will complete several tests to assess their cognitive abilities and emotional states, specifically measuring depression levels. These tests will help explore the relationship between their cognitive/emotional states and brain activity during TMS-fMRI. After the tests, participants will undergo several brain scans to determine the best locations for TMS during the second visit and to measure the strength of connections between different brain regions. During the second visit, participants will undergo three parts of TMS-fMRI scanning. The first part involves applying single-pulse TMS to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a control area (the vertex) while taking fMRI scans. This helps elucidate how TMS affects deep brain regions related to mood disorders. By comparing brain responses to TMS between healthy controls and patients, researchers can gain important knowledge of whether the neural pathways between stimulated region and these subcortical brain regions are disrupted in patients. The second part includes theta-burst stimulation (TBS) of TMS to the DLPFC, which is a stimulation protocol approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Finally, in the third part, single-pulse TMS is administered again after TBS to see if the TBS has changed the brain's response. Comparing the after-TBS single-pulse TMS-evoked brain responses with before-TBS responses would allow the investigators to track whether the TBS could change the disrupted neural pathways in patients. Investigators will also examine how participants' cognitive/emotional test results and brain connectivity relate to the TMS-evoked brain responses and the effects of TBS. Any potential relationships found can provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of how individual differences in cognitive/emotional functioning and brain connectivity profile might influence or be influenced by brain stimulation, which could ultimately inform personalized approaches to neuromodulation therapies.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| spTMS-TBS-spTMS | Experimental | Device: spTMS-TBS-spTMSThis is an open-label, single-arm study. The intervention will be delivered in spTMS-TBS-spTMS order to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and vertex for each participant as described in the "Interventions" section. The order of the stimulation sites will be counterbalanced across participants. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Diagnosis of major depressive disorder
- Age greater than or equal to 18 years
- Age less than or equal to 65 years
- Able to understand and consent for research participation
- English-speaking
Key exclusion criteria (19 listed)
- Age less than 18 years
- Age greater than 65 years
- With epilepsy or seizure disorder
- With implanted ferromagnetic equipment in their face or skull near the stimulation target
- Implanted device including pacemaker, coronary stent, defibrillator, or neurostimulation device that is not MRI-compatible
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| spTMS-TBS-spTMSThis study uses fMRI in combination with single-pulse TMS (spTMS) and theta-burst stimulation (TBS) to determine if the two effects coming from each are related to one another, and if there will be changes in brain activity when undergoing spTMS that are induced by TBS. Additionally, by stimulating the dlPFC in both patients and healthy controls with this paradigm, researchers are able to specifically compare the after-TBS single-pulse TMS-evoked brain responses with before-TBS responses to observe if TBS will change neural pathways disrupted in those who display high negative affect (e.g. depression). | Device | spTMS-TBS-spTMS |
Primary outcome
Pre and Post TBS Modulation Effect Comparison
Time frame: Up To 10 Minutes
The primary outcome measure will be the modulation effect of TBS to the dlPFC, which is the difference between TMS-induced acute/transient effects before and after TBS. The acute/transient effects will be assessed through single-pulse TMS-induced fMRI blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responses. The difference in BOLD response before and after TBS (i.e., TBS modulation effect) will be assessed using paired t-tests reported with t and p values.
Difference in TBS Modulation Effect Across Comparison Groups
Time frame: Up to 10 Minutes
Another primary outcome measure is whether this TBS modulation effect is different between healthy controls and patients with high negative affect symptoms (e.g. depression). The difference will be assessed using independent t-tests reported with t and p values.
1 secondary outcome
TMS Effects with Neurocognitive and Emotion Functions
Time frame: One Week
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Mar 2026.
- Background: PubMed 24974797Mueller JK, Grigsby EM, Prevosto V, Petraglia FW 3rd, Rao H, Deng ZD, Peterchev AV, Sommer MA, Egner T, Platt ML, Grill WM. Simultaneous transcranial magnetic stimulation and single-neuron recording in alert non-human primates. Nat Neurosci. 2014 Aug;17(8):1130-6. doi: 10.1038/nn.3751. Epub 2014 Jun 29.
- Background: PubMed 12849236Kobayashi M, Pascual-Leone A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurology. Lancet Neurol. 2003 Mar;2(3):145-56. doi: 10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00321-1.
- Background: PubMed 18202212Khedr EM, Rothwell JC, Ahmed MA, El-Atar A. Effect of daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of tinnitus: comparison of different stimulus frequencies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Feb;79(2):212-5. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.127712.
- Background: PubMed 23623156Hosomi K, Shimokawa T, Ikoma K, Nakamura Y, Sugiyama K, Ugawa Y, Uozumi T, Yamamoto T, Saitoh Y. Daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of primary motor cortex for neuropathic pain: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, crossover, sham-controlled trial. Pain. 2013 Jul;154(7):1065-72. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.03.016. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
- Background: PubMed 31672044George MS. Whither TMS: A One-Trick Pony or the Beginning of a Neuroscientific Revolution? Am J Psychiatry. 2019 Nov 1;176(11):904-910. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19090957.
- Background: PubMed 32252538Cole EJ, Stimpson KH, Bentzley BS, Gulser M, Cherian K, Tischler C, Nejad R, Pankow H, Choi E, Aaron H, Espil FM, Pannu J, Xiao X, Duvio D, Solvason HB, Hawkins J, Guerra A, Jo B, Raj KS, Phillips AL, Barmak F, Bishop JH, Coetzee JP, DeBattista C, Keller J, Schatzberg AF, Sudheimer KD, Williams NR. Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 1;177(8):716-726. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19070720. Epub 2020 Apr 7.
- Background: PubMed 29726344Blumberger DM, Vila-Rodriguez F, Thorpe KE, Feffer K, Noda Y, Giacobbe P, Knyahnytska Y, Kennedy SH, Lam RW, Daskalakis ZJ, Downar J. Effectiveness of theta burst versus high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with depression (THREE-D): a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2018 Apr 28;391(10131):1683-1692. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30295-2. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
- Background: PubMed 20061953Blumberger DM, Fitzgerald PB, Mulsant BH, Daskalakis ZJ. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for refractory symptoms in schizophrenia. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2010 Mar;23(2):85-90. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283366657.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The data will be submitted to the NIMH Data Archive every 6 months.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing spTMS-TBS-spTMS in people with Healthy Control and Depression, run by Jing Jiang at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 11 inclusion and 19 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Jing Jiang, PHD (319-678-3410, TMS-fMRI-Study@uiowa.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pre and Post TBS Modulation Effect Comparison (time frame: Up To 10 Minutes). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06633913, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Mar 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.