Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)CHOICE-ICDNCT06667505
To Test an e-Health Educational Intervention Patients With an ICD
A study testing Choice-ICD in people with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD), run by University of Ulster at 2 sites in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Role of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is to monitor heart rate and discharge a small electrical discharge or shock if the heart rate becomes life threatening. Patients and family members have requested more information about their ICD, how it works and how to live well with the device. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)
- What is being tested?
- Choice-ICD
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 256 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 11 Aug 2025to 1 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients with heart failure awaiting or with an ICD (no time restriction on implantation)
- No cognitive impairment
- Caregivers:
- Have contact with the patient at least 5 times per week.
- Be physically and mentally capable of participation (self-assessment)
- Healthcare professionals:
- Daily care of patients with heart failure and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator
- Involved in the care of a patient using the Choice-ICD intervention
Who cannot join
- Patients, judged by their Cardiologist as physically or mentally unsuitable to complete the study.
- Patients or caregivers lacking capacity to give consent.
- Patients who have known pregnancy
- Caregivers who's patient is unwilling to take participate
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Lana Dr Lana Dixon, MD contact
United Kingdom2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Not yet recruiting
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
Belfast, County Antrim, BT53 6UE
Loreena M Hill, PhD, l.hill@ulster.ac.uk
- Recruiting
Golden Jubilee National Hospital
Glasgow
Angela Laing, Angela.Laing@gjnh.scot.nhs.uk
About this study
Official title: To Co-develop and Test an eHealth Intervention to Improve Knowledge, Attitude and Experience in Patients Living With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Role of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is to monitor heart rate and discharge a small electrical discharge or shock if the heart rate becomes life threatening. Patients and family members have requested more information about their ICD, how it works and how to live well with the device. This study will build on previous research by designing, in collaboration with patients, family members and professionals, an online resource to provide important information that can lower anxiety and concerns, and improve quality of life. The CHOICE-ICD resource will be easy to use, incorporating games and quizzes to encourage engagement, up to date information appropriate to each patient's needs, as well as animation clips, virtual reality, and short patient videos. CHOICE-ICD will be made available to 64 patients, in addition to normal care, awaiting or with a recently implanted ICD in Belfast and Glasgow. Patients will use the resource for 3 months. Patients and family members will then be asked to complete questionnaires and participate in semi-structured interviews. This study will develop 1st UK online resource providing information to enable patients to have greater choice and control in their care.
Read the detailed description
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is cornerstone in treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias, yet 25% of patients express concerns following implantation.
Aim: To co-design, optimize and establish feasibility and acceptability of eHealth intervention: CHOICE-ICD, providing information to reduce patients' concerns and improve quality of life.
Methods: Phase 1 has been completed: Underpinned by theory and research, core components of an intervention has been co-designed according to six-step process, and in collaboration with stakeholders. Components include ICD written information, educational animations, virtual reality application and patient videos. International advisory group will oversee iterative development, user testing and optimization.
Phase 2 ongoing: CHOICE-ICD is pilot trial, recruiting 128 patients awaiting/recently implanted ICD or cardiac resynchronisation therapy with ICD from Northern Ireland and Glasgow. Participants will use the intervention for 3 months. Data will be analyzed to determine feasibility and acceptability of intervention, and trial methods for future effectiveness trial.
Outcomes: Recruitment, consent and randomization rates, and completion of questionnaires at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Acceptability of intervention delivery and suitability of outcome measures.
- Being tested
- Choice-ICD
- Keywords
- Implantable cardioverter defibrillatior, e-Health intervention, patient education
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Choice-ICDBehavioural
The eHealth intervention theoretically driven, interactive and provides personalised information to patients and family members when and where they wish to access it. Five short (2-3 minutes) videos, involving patients, caregivers and professionals, are uploaded onto the APP, alongside animation clips and useful links to online resources. A discussion forum will be accessible for participants using the APP, which will be closely moderated by the researcher, who will ensure any concerning posts or dialogue are promptly removed, and the necessary action is taken. The diary function will allow patients to record and be reminded of future appointments. Patients and family members will engage with the intervention for 3 months.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| CHOICE-ICD | Active comparator | Patients will receive access to the CHOICE-ICD App for 3 months. They will also be provided with the information booklet, similar to usual care group Receives: Behavioral: Choice-ICD |
| Control | No intervention | Patients will receive information booklet, that they would have received if they had not been included in this research |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Feasibility, acceptability and usability of the Choice-ICD intervention
System Usability Scale and focus group. The system usability scale has 10 questions, with responses on a Likert scale 1(strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The higher the score the more feasible. The focus group will be completed at 6 months.
Measured: 3 and 6 months after recruitment.
Secondary outcomes (7)
Patients' perceptions pre and post intervention
Brief Illness perception questionnaire. The Brief Illness questionnaire has 8 questions, with responses on a Likert scale 1 to 10 Likert Scale (the higher the score (maximum 30) the more positive the patient's view.
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' concerns regarding the ICD pre and post intervention
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator concerns questionnaire (ICDC).The validated questionnaire has 20 questions, with responses ranging from not at all to very much. The more worried the patient is, the higher the score ( maximum 100).
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' knowledge, experience and attitudes pre and post intervention
Experiences, Attitudes and Knowledge of End-of-Life issues in Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Questionnaire (EOL-ICDQ). Validated questionnaire with 17 questions, the higher the score indicates the lower level of knowledge on the device
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' anxiety pre and post intervention
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Validated questionnaire with 21 questions, with responses from "not at all anxious" to "severely anxious", therefore the higher the scoring the more anxiety.
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' acceptance of the ICD pre and post intervention
Florida Patient Acceptance Survey (FPAS). Validated questionnaire with 18 questions, responses on a Likert scale of 1-5, with lower score indicating higher level of acceptance of device
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' quality of life pre and post intervention
Kansas City Cardiomyopathy questionnaire (KCCQ- 12) quality of life tool. Validated questionnaire with 8 key questions, scores are 0-100, where 0 notes lowest health status and 100 highest possible health status
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Caregiver burden pre and post intervention
Carer Strain Index (CSI). Validated questionnaire with 12 questions and responses as Yes or No. A score of 7 or higher indicates a high level of stress.
Measured: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Oct 2024
- Study start11 Aug 2025
- Primary completion1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Patients, meeting the inclusion criteria of either awaiting or with a recently implanted ICD, will be invited to participate by a member of the clinical team in Belfast Health and Social care Trust (BHSCT) or Golden Jubilee National Hospital (Clydebank). If the patient is interested in participating, they will be invited to nominate a family member. Once patients and family member / caregiver provides written informed consent will be randomly allocated to receive the intervention (Choice ICD APP and BHF booklet) or usual care.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 256 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Ulster
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Loreena Hill, University of Ulster
- Investigators
- Loreena M Hill, PhD, Principal investigator, Ulster University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06667505
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 24/NI/0094
- Other IDs
- FS/CDRF/22/21048
- Acronym
- CHOICE-ICD
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 11 Oct 2024
- Last updated
- 5 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- To Co-develop and Test an eHealth Intervention to Improve Knowledge, Attitude and Experience in Patients Living With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06667505
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CHOICE-ICD / 24/NI/0094
- Keywords
- Implantable cardioverter defibrillatior, e-Health intervention, patient education
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 256 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of UlsterUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
- Study start
- 11 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 31 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Role of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is to monitor heart rate and discharge a small electrical discharge or shock if the heart rate becomes life threatening. Patients and family members have requested more information about their ICD, how it works and how to live well with the device. This study will build on previous research by designing, in collaboration with patients, family members and professionals, an online resource to provide important information that can lower anxiety and concerns, and improve quality of life. The CHOICE-ICD resource will be easy to use, incorporating games and quizzes to encourage engagement, up to date information appropriate to each patient's needs, as well as animation clips, virtual reality, and short patient videos. CHOICE-ICD will be made available to 64 patients, in addition to normal care, awaiting or with a recently implanted ICD in Belfast and Glasgow. Patients will use the resource for 3 months. Patients and family members will then be asked to complete questionnaires and participate in semi-structured interviews. This study will develop 1st UK online resource providing information to enable patients to have greater choice and control in their care.
Detailed description
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is cornerstone in treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias, yet 25% of patients express concerns following implantation.
Aim: To co-design, optimize and establish feasibility and acceptability of eHealth intervention: CHOICE-ICD, providing information to reduce patients' concerns and improve quality of life.
Methods: Phase 1 has been completed: Underpinned by theory and research, core components of an intervention has been co-designed according to six-step process, and in collaboration with stakeholders. Components include ICD written information, educational animations, virtual reality application and patient videos. International advisory group will oversee iterative development, user testing and optimization.
Phase 2 ongoing: CHOICE-ICD is pilot trial, recruiting 128 patients awaiting/recently implanted ICD or cardiac resynchronisation therapy with ICD from Northern Ireland and Glasgow. Participants will use the intervention for 3 months. Data will be analyzed to determine feasibility and acceptability of intervention, and trial methods for future effectiveness trial.
Outcomes: Recruitment, consent and randomization rates, and completion of questionnaires at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Acceptability of intervention delivery and suitability of outcome measures.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Patients, meeting the inclusion criteria of either awaiting or with a recently implanted ICD, will be invited to participate by a member of the clinical team in Belfast Health and Social care Trust (BHSCT) or Golden Jubilee National Hospital (Clydebank). If the patient is interested in participating, they will be invited to nominate a family member. Once patients and family member / caregiver provides written informed consent will be randomly allocated to receive the intervention (Choice ICD APP and BHF booklet) or usual care.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| CHOICE-ICD | Active comparator | Behavioral: Choice-ICDPatients will receive access to the CHOICE-ICD App for 3 months. They will also be provided with the information booklet, similar to usual care group |
| Control | No intervention | –Patients will receive information booklet, that they would have received if they had not been included in this research |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Patients with heart failure awaiting or with an ICD (no time restriction on implantation)
- No cognitive impairment
- Have contact with the patient at least 5 times per week.
- Be physically and mentally capable of participation (self-assessment)
- Daily care of patients with heart failure and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Patients, judged by their Cardiologist as physically or mentally unsuitable to complete the study.
- Patients or caregivers lacking capacity to give consent.
- Patients who have known pregnancy
- Caregivers who's patient is unwilling to take participate
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Choice-ICDThe eHealth intervention theoretically driven, interactive and provides personalised information to patients and family members when and where they wish to access it. Five short (2-3 minutes) videos, involving patients, caregivers and professionals, are uploaded onto the APP, alongside animation clips and useful links to online resources. A discussion forum will be accessible for participants using the APP, which will be closely moderated by the researcher, who will ensure any concerning posts or dialogue are promptly removed, and the necessary action is taken. The diary function will allow patients to record and be reminded of future appointments. Patients and family members will engage with the intervention for 3 months. | Behavioural | CHOICE-ICD |
Primary outcome
Feasibility, acceptability and usability of the Choice-ICD intervention
Time frame: 3 and 6 months after recruitment.
System Usability Scale and focus group. The system usability scale has 10 questions, with responses on a Likert scale 1(strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The higher the score the more feasible. The focus group will be completed at 6 months.
7 secondary outcomes
Patients' perceptions pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' concerns regarding the ICD pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' knowledge, experience and attitudes pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' anxiety pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' acceptance of the ICD pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Patients' quality of life pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Caregiver burden pre and post intervention
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Lana Dr Lana Dixon, MD contact
Loreena M Hill, PhD principal investigator
Ulster University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Choice-ICD in people with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD), run by University of Ulster at 2 sites in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Loreena M Prof Loreena M Hill, PhD (+44 7841037404, l.hill@ulster.ac.uk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Feasibility, acceptability and usability of the Choice-ICD intervention (time frame: 3 and 6 months after recruitment.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 May 2026.