Trauma, MultipleTRISS/ERNCT06711536
TRISS as a Predictor of Trauma Patient Outcomes
An observational study of Trauma, Multiple, run by Al-Nahrain University at 1 site in Iraq.
Trial summary
The goal of this prospective observational study is to evaluate the predictive utility of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in determining patient outcomes, including survival and mortality, among trauma patients admitted to the trauma and emergency department of Kadhimiya Educational Hospital, Iraq. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Trauma, Multiple
- How many people
- 204 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIraq
- Study dates
- 15 Nov 2024to 15 Jul 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study population will consist of trauma patients presenting to the Emergency Department of Al-Kadhmia Teaching Hospital during the study period. These patients represent a diverse demographic and clinical profile, encompassing individuals with varying injury mechanisms, severities, and outcomes. The study specifically targets patients for whom trauma scoring systems, including the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), can be applied reliably. This includes both blunt and penetrating trauma cases.
Who may be able to join
- Trauma patients admitted to the emergency department of Al-Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital.
- Patients with adequate documentation of physiological and anatomical data are required for TRISS calculation.
- Trauma scoring (TRISS) completed within the first 6 hours of hospital arrival to ensure timely assessment.
Who cannot join
- Patients under 18 years, pregnant women, or those with conditions that alter standard trauma scoring or management.
- Non-trauma cases (e.g., medical emergencies, terminal illnesses) to ensure focus on trauma-specific outcomes.
- Patients with incomplete or missing data required for TRISS calculation.
- Patients declared dead on arrival or those not treated in the trauma and emergency department.
- Individuals refusing participation or withdrawing consent at any stage of the study.
- Patients transferred to or from another facility or enrolled in other studies that might affect scoring accuracy or outcomes.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Prospective Validation of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) for Predicting Mortality and Major Outcomes: Bridging the Regional Evidence Gap in Trauma Outcomes Prediction From Iraq
The goal of this prospective observational study is to evaluate the predictive utility of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in determining patient outcomes, including survival and mortality, among trauma patients admitted to the trauma and emergency department of Kadhimiya Educational Hospital, Iraq.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Read more
How accurately does TRISS predict survival and mortality outcomes in trauma patients? What is the performance of TRISS in predicting secondary outcomes, such as the need for intensive care, surgical interventions, and length of hospital stay?
Participants will:
Be assessed using the TRISS score upon their admission to the emergency department.
Have their clinical outcomes, including survival, need for intensive care, surgery, and hospital stay, monitored throughout their hospitalization.
Read the detailed description
Trauma is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. Approximately 10% of the burden of disease in adults is due to traumatic injuries. Trauma can lead to serious consequences, including disabilities, psychosocial burdens, and increased mortality among the actively working population. Cardiopulmonary arrest, unplanned admissions to intensive care units, and nosocomial infections are some complications faced by trauma patients admitted to trauma centers. The estimated mortality rate for hospitalized trauma patients is 11%. The in-hospital mortality rate for trauma patients who undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is 92.7%. Trauma-related mortality and morbidity depend on injury severity, diagnostic delays, and the time taken to reach a medical facility.Timely evaluation, effective post-trauma care, and appropriate triage can significantly reduce long-term mortality and morbidity among trauma patients, with rapid assessment of trauma severity being crucial for the primary triage of multiple trauma patients.
Trauma scoring systems are valuable tools for quickly assessing the severity of injuries and predicting patient outcomes. By utilizing these scoring systems, healthcare providers can enhance the organization of trauma patient triage, optimize resource allocation, and conduct immediate evaluations of potential complications. Several scoring systems have been developed to assess trauma cases. These trauma scores are classified into three categories: anatomical (such as the Abbreviated Injury Scale and Injury Severity Score), physiological (like the Revised Trauma Score), and combined (such as the Trauma and Injury Severity Score). Physiological scores can be determined during the initial clinical assessment of the patient, while anatomical scoring can be performed later after the patient has been stabilized. This makes it easier to stratify trauma patients effectively. On the other hand, combined scores that include both anatomical and physiological criteria are more useful for patient prognosis. One such combined score is the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), which was designed by the Major Trauma Outcome Study (MTOS) in the United States to predict the outcome in polytrauma patients and includes the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and Revised Trauma Score (RTS).
Trauma is thus now a significant health challenge in Iraq. Through the long fight in Iraq, more and more people are experiencing violence-related injuries, such as from firearms and attacks. The work also demonstrates that violence is one of the primary determinants of public health because it leads to complications with injuries and the psychological development of the survivors in the course of their lives. The Iraqi healthcare system has documented a significant rise in RTAs (road traffic accidents), particularly since the escalation of conflict around 2013. Trauma care system is not well established, and few protocols are followed clinically, and no scientific method is well established to predict the outcome in trauma patients in Iraq. This is made worse by scarce resources, inadequate staffing and educational preparedness of medical personnel, and the overall lack of formalized trauma registry databases that could well monitor patient results. In the Iraqi context, only a few studies have demonstrated the use of different trauma scores to predict outcomes in patients with trauma.
There is a significant research gap regarding the use of trauma scoring systems, especially TRISS, in Iraq. Most studies focus on descriptive outcomes rather than evaluating global trauma scores in the unique Iraqi context. Resource limitations, inconsistent pre-hospital care, and conflict-related injuries complicate the application of these systems. The lack of standardized trauma registries and data collection further limits the ability to improve trauma care and emergency services in Iraq.
- Conditions
- Trauma, Multiple
- Keywords
- TRISS
- Medical subject headings
- Multiple Trauma
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality
This outcome evaluates the ability of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), which generates a probability of survival ranging from 0% to 100%, to predict in-hospital mortality among trauma patients. Lower TRISS survival probabilities are expected to correlate with increased observed mortality.
Measured: From admission to hospital discharge or death, up to 30 days.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting the Need for Intervention
This outcome examines the predictive value of TRISS (range: 0-100% survival probability) in determining the likelihood of trauma patients requiring major interventions (such as surgical procedures, blood transfusion, or invasive monitoring). Lower TRISS survival probabilities are expected to correlate with increased intervention requirements.
Measured: From admission to hospital discharge or death, up to 30 days.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting the Need for Endotracheal Intubation
This outcome assesses the predictive performance of TRISS (range: 0-100% survival probability) in identifying trauma patients requiring endotracheal intubation during hospitalization. Lower TRISS survival probabilities are expected to be associated with an increased likelihood of intubation.
Measured: From emergency department admission to intubation, discharge, or in-hospital death, up to 30 days.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting Length of Hospitalization
This outcome evaluates the ability of TRISS (range: 0-100% survival probability) to predict hospitalization duration. Patients with higher TRISS survival probabilities are expected to have shorter hospital stays, while those with lower probabilities are more likely to require prolonged hospitalization.
Measured: From hospital admission to discharge, up to 30 days.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Dec 2024
- Study start15 Nov 2024
- Primary completion1 Jul 2025
- Study completion15 Jul 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Trauma, MultipleStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 204 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Al-Nahrain University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Abdulillah R. Khamees, Al-Nahrain University
- Investigators
- Anees K Nile, Professor of general surgery, Study director, College Of Medicine - Nahrain University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06711536
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UNCOMIRB20241134
- Acronym
- TRISS/ER
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 23 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 6 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Haagsma JA, Graetz N, Bolliger I, Naghavi M, Higashi H, Mullany EC, Abera SF, Abraham JP, Adofo K, Alsharif U, Ameh EA, Ammar W, Antonio CA, Barrero LH, Bekele T, Bose D, Brazinova A, Catala-Lopez F, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan PI, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Derrett S, Dharmaratne SD, Driscoll TR, Duan L, Petrovich Ermakov S, Farzadfar F, Feigin VL, Franklin RC, Gabbe B, Gosselin RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hamadeh RR, Hijar M, Hu G, Jayaraman SP, Jiang G, Khader YS, Khan EA, Krishnaswami S, Kulkarni C, Lecky FE, Leung R, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Majdan M, Mason-Jones AJ, Matzopoulos R, Meaney PA, Mekonnen W, Miller TR, Mock CN, Norman RE, Orozco R, Polinder S, Pourmalek F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Refaat A, Rojas-Rueda D, Roy N, Schwebel DC, Shaheen A, Shahraz S, Skirbekk V, Soreide K, Soshnikov S, Stein DJ, Sykes BL, Tabb KM, Temesgen AM, Tenkorang EY, Theadom AM, Tran BX, Vasankari TJ, Vavilala MS, Vlassov VV, Woldeyohannes SM, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yu C, Murray CJ, Vos T. The global burden of injury: incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and time trends from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013. Inj Prev. 2016 Feb;22(1):3-18. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041616. Epub 2015 Dec 3.
PubMed 26635210Kelly JF, Ritenour AE, McLaughlin DF, Bagg KA, Apodaca AN, Mallak CT, Pearse L, Lawnick MM, Champion HR, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Injury severity and causes of death from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom: 2003-2004 versus 2006. J Trauma. 2008 Feb;64(2 Suppl):S21-6; discussion S26-7. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160b9fb.
PubMed 18376168Penn-Barwell JG, Roberts SA, Midwinter MJ, Bishop JR. Improved survival in UK combat casualties from Iraq and Afghanistan: 2003-2012. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015 May;78(5):1014-20. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000580.
PubMed 25909424Lafta RK, Al-Nuaimi MA. National perspective on in-hospital emergency units in Iraq. Qatar Med J. 2013 Nov 1;2013(1):19-27. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2013.4. eCollection 2013.
PubMed 25003053Hussain AM, Lafta RK. Accidents in Iraq during the period of conflict (2003-2016). Qatar Med J. 2019 Dec 24;2019(3):14. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2019.14. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31903321Champion HR, Copes WS, Sacco WJ, Lawnick MM, Keast SL, Bain LW Jr, Flanagan ME, Frey CF. The Major Trauma Outcome Study: establishing national norms for trauma care. J Trauma. 1990 Nov;30(11):1356-65.
PubMed 2231804Javali RH, Krishnamoorthy, Patil A, Srinivasarangan M, Suraj, Sriharsha. Comparison of Injury Severity Score, New Injury Severity Score, Revised Trauma Score and Trauma and Injury Severity Score for Mortality Prediction in Elderly Trauma Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2019 Feb;23(2):73-77. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23120.
PubMed 31086450Esme H, Solak O, Yurumez Y, Yavuz Y, Terzi Y, Sezer M, Kucuker H. The prognostic importance of trauma scoring systems for blunt thoracic trauma. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Apr;55(3):190-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-955883.
PubMed 17410508Wisner DH. History and current status of trauma scoring systems. Arch Surg. 1992 Jan;127(1):111-7. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1992.01420010133022. No abstract available.
PubMed 1734842Imhoff BF, Thompson NJ, Hastings MA, Nazir N, Moncure M, Cannon CM. Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) in the trauma population: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2014 May 2;4(5):e004738. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004738.
PubMed 24793256Karajizadeh M, Nasiri M, Yadollahi M, Zolfaghari AH, Pakdam A. Mortality Prediction from Hospital-Acquired Infections in Trauma Patients Using an Unbalanced Dataset. Healthc Inform Res. 2020 Oct;26(4):284-294. doi: 10.4258/hir.2020.26.4.284. Epub 2020 Oct 31.
PubMed 33190462Konesky KL, Guo WA. Revisiting traumatic cardiac arrest: should CPR be initiated? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2018 Dec;44(6):903-908. doi: 10.1007/s00068-017-0875-6. Epub 2017 Nov 25.
PubMed 29177620Mulvey HE, Haslam RD, Laytin AD, Diamond CA, Sims CA. Unplanned ICU Admission Is Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes in Geriatric Trauma Patients. J Surg Res. 2020 Jan;245:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.059. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
PubMed 31394403Todd KH, Lee T, Hoffman JR. The effect of ethnicity on physician estimates of pain severity in patients with isolated extremity trauma. JAMA. 1994 Mar 23-30;271(12):925-8.
PubMed 8120961Mondello S, Cantrell A, Italiano D, Fodale V, Mondello P, Ang D. Complications of trauma patients admitted to the ICU in level I academic trauma centers in the United States. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:473419. doi: 10.1155/2014/473419. Epub 2014 Jun 3.
PubMed 24995300
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Prospective Validation of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) for Predicting Mortality and Major Outcomes: Bridging the Regional Evidence Gap in Trauma Outcomes Prediction From Iraq
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06711536
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TRISS/ER / UNCOMIRB20241134
- Conditions
- Trauma, Multiple
- Keywords
- TRISS
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 204 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Al-Nahrain UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Jul 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this prospective observational study is to evaluate the predictive utility of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in determining patient outcomes, including survival and mortality, among trauma patients admitted to the trauma and emergency department of Kadhimiya Educational Hospital, Iraq.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
How accurately does TRISS predict survival and mortality outcomes in trauma patients? What is the performance of TRISS in predicting secondary outcomes, such as the need for intensive care, surgical interventions, and length of hospital stay?
Participants will:
Be assessed using the TRISS score upon their admission to the emergency department.
Have their clinical outcomes, including survival, need for intensive care, surgery, and hospital stay, monitored throughout their hospitalization.
Detailed description
Trauma is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. Approximately 10% of the burden of disease in adults is due to traumatic injuries. Trauma can lead to serious consequences, including disabilities, psychosocial burdens, and increased mortality among the actively working population. Cardiopulmonary arrest, unplanned admissions to intensive care units, and nosocomial infections are some complications faced by trauma patients admitted to trauma centers. The estimated mortality rate for hospitalized trauma patients is 11%. The in-hospital mortality rate for trauma patients who undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is 92.7%. Trauma-related mortality and morbidity depend on injury severity, diagnostic delays, and the time taken to reach a medical facility.Timely evaluation, effective post-trauma care, and appropriate triage can significantly reduce long-term mortality and morbidity among trauma patients, with rapid assessment of trauma severity being crucial for the primary triage of multiple trauma patients.
Trauma scoring systems are valuable tools for quickly assessing the severity of injuries and predicting patient outcomes. By utilizing these scoring systems, healthcare providers can enhance the organization of trauma patient triage, optimize resource allocation, and conduct immediate evaluations of potential complications. Several scoring systems have been developed to assess trauma cases. These trauma scores are classified into three categories: anatomical (such as the Abbreviated Injury Scale and Injury Severity Score), physiological (like the Revised Trauma Score), and combined (such as the Trauma and Injury Severity Score). Physiological scores can be determined during the initial clinical assessment of the patient, while anatomical scoring can be performed later after the patient has been stabilized. This makes it easier to stratify trauma patients effectively. On the other hand, combined scores that include both anatomical and physiological criteria are more useful for patient prognosis. One such combined score is the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), which was designed by the Major Trauma Outcome Study (MTOS) in the United States to predict the outcome in polytrauma patients and includes the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and Revised Trauma Score (RTS).
Trauma is thus now a significant health challenge in Iraq. Through the long fight in Iraq, more and more people are experiencing violence-related injuries, such as from firearms and attacks. The work also demonstrates that violence is one of the primary determinants of public health because it leads to complications with injuries and the psychological development of the survivors in the course of their lives. The Iraqi healthcare system has documented a significant rise in RTAs (road traffic accidents), particularly since the escalation of conflict around 2013. Trauma care system is not well established, and few protocols are followed clinically, and no scientific method is well established to predict the outcome in trauma patients in Iraq. This is made worse by scarce resources, inadequate staffing and educational preparedness of medical personnel, and the overall lack of formalized trauma registry databases that could well monitor patient results. In the Iraqi context, only a few studies have demonstrated the use of different trauma scores to predict outcomes in patients with trauma.
There is a significant research gap regarding the use of trauma scoring systems, especially TRISS, in Iraq. Most studies focus on descriptive outcomes rather than evaluating global trauma scores in the unique Iraqi context. Resource limitations, inconsistent pre-hospital care, and conflict-related injuries complicate the application of these systems. The lack of standardized trauma registries and data collection further limits the ability to improve trauma care and emergency services in Iraq.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The study population will consist of trauma patients presenting to the Emergency Department of Al-Kadhmia Teaching Hospital during the study period. These patients represent a diverse demographic and clinical profile, encompassing individuals with varying injury mechanisms, severities, and outcomes. The study specifically targets patients for whom trauma scoring systems, including the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), can be applied reliably. This includes both blunt and penetrating trauma cases.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Trauma patients admitted to the emergency department of Al-Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital.
- Patients with adequate documentation of physiological and anatomical data are required for TRISS calculation.
- Trauma scoring (TRISS) completed within the first 6 hours of hospital arrival to ensure timely assessment.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Patients under 18 years, pregnant women, or those with conditions that alter standard trauma scoring or management.
- Non-trauma cases (e.g., medical emergencies, terminal illnesses) to ensure focus on trauma-specific outcomes.
- Patients with incomplete or missing data required for TRISS calculation.
- Patients declared dead on arrival or those not treated in the trauma and emergency department.
- Individuals refusing participation or withdrawing consent at any stage of the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality
Time frame: From admission to hospital discharge or death, up to 30 days.
This outcome evaluates the ability of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), which generates a probability of survival ranging from 0% to 100%, to predict in-hospital mortality among trauma patients. Lower TRISS survival probabilities are expected to correlate with increased observed mortality.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting the Need for Intervention
Time frame: From admission to hospital discharge or death, up to 30 days.
This outcome examines the predictive value of TRISS (range: 0-100% survival probability) in determining the likelihood of trauma patients requiring major interventions (such as surgical procedures, blood transfusion, or invasive monitoring). Lower TRISS survival probabilities are expected to correlate with increased intervention requirements.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting the Need for Endotracheal Intubation
Time frame: From emergency department admission to intubation, discharge, or in-hospital death, up to 30 days.
This outcome assesses the predictive performance of TRISS (range: 0-100% survival probability) in identifying trauma patients requiring endotracheal intubation during hospitalization. Lower TRISS survival probabilities are expected to be associated with an increased likelihood of intubation.
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting Length of Hospitalization
Time frame: From hospital admission to discharge, up to 30 days.
This outcome evaluates the ability of TRISS (range: 0-100% survival probability) to predict hospitalization duration. Patients with higher TRISS survival probabilities are expected to have shorter hospital stays, while those with lower probabilities are more likely to require prolonged hospitalization.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Mar 2026.
- Background: PubMed 26635210Haagsma JA, Graetz N, Bolliger I, Naghavi M, Higashi H, Mullany EC, Abera SF, Abraham JP, Adofo K, Alsharif U, Ameh EA, Ammar W, Antonio CA, Barrero LH, Bekele T, Bose D, Brazinova A, Catala-Lopez F, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan PI, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Derrett S, Dharmaratne SD, Driscoll TR, Duan L, Petrovich Ermakov S, Farzadfar F, Feigin VL, Franklin RC, Gabbe B, Gosselin RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hamadeh RR, Hijar M, Hu G, Jayaraman SP, Jiang G, Khader YS, Khan EA, Krishnaswami S, Kulkarni C, Lecky FE, Leung R, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Majdan M, Mason-Jones AJ, Matzopoulos R, Meaney PA, Mekonnen W, Miller TR, Mock CN, Norman RE, Orozco R, Polinder S, Pourmalek F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Refaat A, Rojas-Rueda D, Roy N, Schwebel DC, Shaheen A, Shahraz S, Skirbekk V, Soreide K, Soshnikov S, Stein DJ, Sykes BL, Tabb KM, Temesgen AM, Tenkorang EY, Theadom AM, Tran BX, Vasankari TJ, Vavilala MS, Vlassov VV, Woldeyohannes SM, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yu C, Murray CJ, Vos T. The global burden of injury: incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and time trends from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013. Inj Prev. 2016 Feb;22(1):3-18. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041616. Epub 2015 Dec 3.
- Results publication: PubMed 18376168Kelly JF, Ritenour AE, McLaughlin DF, Bagg KA, Apodaca AN, Mallak CT, Pearse L, Lawnick MM, Champion HR, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Injury severity and causes of death from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom: 2003-2004 versus 2006. J Trauma. 2008 Feb;64(2 Suppl):S21-6; discussion S26-7. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160b9fb.
- Results publication: PubMed 25909424Penn-Barwell JG, Roberts SA, Midwinter MJ, Bishop JR. Improved survival in UK combat casualties from Iraq and Afghanistan: 2003-2012. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015 May;78(5):1014-20. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000580.
- Results publication: PubMed 25003053Lafta RK, Al-Nuaimi MA. National perspective on in-hospital emergency units in Iraq. Qatar Med J. 2013 Nov 1;2013(1):19-27. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2013.4. eCollection 2013.
- Results publication: PubMed 31903321Hussain AM, Lafta RK. Accidents in Iraq during the period of conflict (2003-2016). Qatar Med J. 2019 Dec 24;2019(3):14. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2019.14. eCollection 2019.
- Results publication: PubMed 2231804Champion HR, Copes WS, Sacco WJ, Lawnick MM, Keast SL, Bain LW Jr, Flanagan ME, Frey CF. The Major Trauma Outcome Study: establishing national norms for trauma care. J Trauma. 1990 Nov;30(11):1356-65.
- Results publication: PubMed 31086450Javali RH, Krishnamoorthy, Patil A, Srinivasarangan M, Suraj, Sriharsha. Comparison of Injury Severity Score, New Injury Severity Score, Revised Trauma Score and Trauma and Injury Severity Score for Mortality Prediction in Elderly Trauma Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2019 Feb;23(2):73-77. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23120.
- Results publication: PubMed 17410508Esme H, Solak O, Yurumez Y, Yavuz Y, Terzi Y, Sezer M, Kucuker H. The prognostic importance of trauma scoring systems for blunt thoracic trauma. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Apr;55(3):190-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-955883.
- Results publication: PubMed 1734842Wisner DH. History and current status of trauma scoring systems. Arch Surg. 1992 Jan;127(1):111-7. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1992.01420010133022. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 24793256Imhoff BF, Thompson NJ, Hastings MA, Nazir N, Moncure M, Cannon CM. Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) in the trauma population: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2014 May 2;4(5):e004738. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004738.
- Results publication: PubMed 33190462Karajizadeh M, Nasiri M, Yadollahi M, Zolfaghari AH, Pakdam A. Mortality Prediction from Hospital-Acquired Infections in Trauma Patients Using an Unbalanced Dataset. Healthc Inform Res. 2020 Oct;26(4):284-294. doi: 10.4258/hir.2020.26.4.284. Epub 2020 Oct 31.
- Results publication: PubMed 29177620Konesky KL, Guo WA. Revisiting traumatic cardiac arrest: should CPR be initiated? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2018 Dec;44(6):903-908. doi: 10.1007/s00068-017-0875-6. Epub 2017 Nov 25.
- Injuries and violence. 19 June 2024Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Anees K Nile, Professor of general surgery study director
College Of Medicine - Nahrain University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Trauma, Multiple, run by Al-Nahrain University at 1 site in Iraq.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Iraq. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Accuracy Assessment of TRISS in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality (time frame: From admission to hospital discharge or death, up to 30 days.). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06711536, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Mar 2026.