Performance EnhancingNCT06729138
Resisted Training in Runners
A study testing Resisted Sprint Training and Sprint Training in people with Performance Enhancing, run by University of Cadiz at 1 site in Spain.
Trial summary
INTRODUCTION: Sprint training and resisted sprint training with sled has generated interest in the scientific literature due to its potential to improve performance, different studies have shown that incorporating strength training and sprints into studies have shown that the incorporation of strength and sprint… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Performance Enhancing
- What is being tested?
- Resisted Sprint Training and Sprint Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 80 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSpain
- Study dates
- 10 Apr 2025to 31 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- At least 2 years of training experience as a runner.
- Do more than 30 kilometres per week.
- Perform at least 3 training sessions per week.
- Have competed in a 10km race or longer distance in the last 6 months.
- Be between 18 and 35 years old.
- Availability to attend the proposed training sessions.
Who cannot join
- Have a musculoskeletal injury or have had a musculoskeletal injury in the 6 months prior to the start of the study.
- Have chronic diseases.
- Have a BMI over 24.9.
- Combine training and competition in other disciplines other than running.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Resisted Training in Runners. A Randomized Controlled Trial.
INTRODUCTION: Sprint training and resisted sprint training with sled has generated interest in the scientific literature due to its potential to improve performance, different studies have shown that incorporating strength training and sprints into studies have shown that the incorporation of strength and sprint training into the training programmes of long-distance runners can have significant training programmes for long-distance runners can have significant effects on running economy, anaerobic capacity of the runners and the anaerobic capacity of athletes, along with various neuromuscular adaptations. Despite these findings, the application of sprint and resisted sprint training with dragging in middle-distance and long-distance runners has been and long-distance runners has been scarcely studied, with most studies focusing on sprinters and athletes from team sports and sprinters, leaving a gap in the understanding of how these methods can influence distance runners. Along with how the intensity of external external loads affect this type of work and the influence on key kinetic variables such as vertical oscillation, contact time with the oscillation, ground contact time and muscle stiffness in this specific population.
PURPOSE: Analyse the effects that sprint training and resisted sprint training can have on running economy, force production, speed and various kinetics variables such as vertical oscillation, contact time, speed and vertical oscillation, ground contact time and muscle stiffness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomised, longitudinal, prospective, blinded, assessor-blinded clinical trial will be conducted. Different variables related to sports performance will be evaluated, such as maximum oxygen consumption, critical power, heart rate variability or kinetic variables, among others.
Read more
kinetic variables among others. The evaluation will be carried out before the application of the training intervention and after two months. The study will be conducted with runners recruited through athletics clubs in the region of Cadiz, being randomly assigned a system of numerical tables using a computer programme between the sprint group (n=40) and the resisted sprint group (n=40). Both groups will perform two training sessions training sessions for eight weeks, consisting of sprint or resisted sprint repetitions based on the assigned group.
KEY WORDS: athletics, runners, resisted training, sprint.
- Conditions
- Performance Enhancing
- Being tested
- Resisted Sprint Training, Sprint Training
- Keywords
- Runners, Sprint, Performance, Sled training, Track and field
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Resisted Sprint TrainingOther
In this intervention, participants will perform 16 sessions of resisted sprint training with external loads using a sled over eight weeks. In these 16 sessions the intensity will vary in both the distance to be covered and the load to be moved.
Sprint TrainingOther
In this intervention, participants will perform 16 sessions of sprint training over eight weeks. In these 16 sessions the intensity will vary in the distance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Sprint training | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Sprint Training |
| Resisted Sprint | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Resisted Sprint Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
V02 max
VO2 Max (Maximum Oxygen Consumption) is the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise. It is a key indicator of cardiovascular and aerobic fitness, reflecting the capacity of the heart, lungs, and muscles to deliver and use oxygen efficiently. VO2 Max is typically measured in milliliters of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min). A higher VO2 Max value generally indicates better endurance performance.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Critical Power
Critical power (CP) is the maximum work intensity that an athlete can maintain consistently over a prolonged period of time.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Jump Height
This is the height reached in centimetres during the performance of the countermovement jump and the box jump.
countermovement jump and jump from the box. Both tests and their respective jumping heights provide valuable information on the explosive and reactive strength capacity of the leg muscles.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks. In each training sesion.
Heart Rate
Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm) and is an important indicator of cardiovascular function and exercise intensity. The maximum heart rate is the maximum number of heartbeats the heart can achieve per minute during maximum physical exertion. It is an individual value, although there are different formulas for its calculation, it can vary significantly between trained and untrained individuals or by trained or untrained individuals or for other reasons.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Heart Rate Variability
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is the variation in the time intervals between consecutive heartbeats, measured in milliseconds. It reflects the ability of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to adapt to changing physiological demands by balancing sympathetic ("fight or flight") and parasympathetic ("rest and digest") activity. A higher HRV typically indicates greater cardiovascular and nervous system adaptability, resilience, and recovery, while a lower HRV may signal stress, fatigue, or decreased fitness. HRV is often used as a marker for overall health, recovery, and readiness in both clinical and athletic contexts.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Stride Length
Stride length is the distance a runner covers with each step during a run. It is measured from the point of contact of one foot to the point of contact of the same foot in the next step. It is a key metric in the biomechanics of running and can significantly influence a runner's performance and efficiency.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Vertical oscillation
Vertical oscillation in the context of running biomechanics refers to the upward and downward movement of the body's centre of mass during the running cycle. This vertical motion is a natural component of the running movement pattern and It occurs as a result of the complex interaction between momentum forces and gait dynamics.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Contact time
Contact time in biomechanical running terms refers to the period of time a runner's foot is in contact with the ground during each stride cycle.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Perceived exertion
Perceived exertion refers to an individual's subjective perception of the intensity or difficulty of a physical activity.
Measured: In each training session through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters (kg/m²). It is a widely used screening tool to categorize individuals into weight categories such as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese, based on their body composition. Although BMI does not directly measure body fat percentage, it provides a general indication of whether a person's weight is appropriate for their height and is commonly used in public health and clinical settings.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Dec 2024
- Study start10 Apr 2025
- Primary completion30 Jun 2025
- Study completion31 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Performance EnhancingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Cadiz
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Pablo Góngora Rodríguez, University of Cadiz
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06729138
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PGR0001
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 23 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: All data about the study will be shared, while maintaining the confidentiality of the participants.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Resisted Training in Runners. A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06729138
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PGR0001
- Conditions
- Performance Enhancing
- Keywords
- Runners, Sprint, Performance, Sled training, Track and field
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of CadizUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
INTRODUCTION: Sprint training and resisted sprint training with sled has generated interest in the scientific literature due to its potential to improve performance, different studies have shown that incorporating strength training and sprints into studies have shown that the incorporation of strength and sprint training into the training programmes of long-distance runners can have significant training programmes for long-distance runners can have significant effects on running economy, anaerobic capacity of the runners and the anaerobic capacity of athletes, along with various neuromuscular adaptations. Despite these findings, the application of sprint and resisted sprint training with dragging in middle-distance and long-distance runners has been and long-distance runners has been scarcely studied, with most studies focusing on sprinters and athletes from team sports and sprinters, leaving a gap in the understanding of how these methods can influence distance runners. Along with how the intensity of external external loads affect this type of work and the influence on key kinetic variables such as vertical oscillation, contact time with the oscillation, ground contact time and muscle stiffness in this specific population.
PURPOSE: Analyse the effects that sprint training and resisted sprint training can have on running economy, force production, speed and various kinetics variables such as vertical oscillation, contact time, speed and vertical oscillation, ground contact time and muscle stiffness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomised, longitudinal, prospective, blinded, assessor-blinded clinical trial will be conducted. Different variables related to sports performance will be evaluated, such as maximum oxygen consumption, critical power, heart rate variability or kinetic variables, among others.
kinetic variables among others. The evaluation will be carried out before the application of the training intervention and after two months. The study will be conducted with runners recruited through athletics clubs in the region of Cadiz, being randomly assigned a system of numerical tables using a computer programme between the sprint group (n=40) and the resisted sprint group (n=40). Both groups will perform two training sessions training sessions for eight weeks, consisting of sprint or resisted sprint repetitions based on the assigned group.
KEY WORDS: athletics, runners, resisted training, sprint.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Sprint training | Active comparator | Other: Sprint Training |
| Resisted Sprint | Experimental | Other: Resisted Sprint Training |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- At least 2 years of training experience as a runner.
- Do more than 30 kilometres per week.
- Perform at least 3 training sessions per week.
- Have competed in a 10km race or longer distance in the last 6 months.
- Be between 18 and 35 years old.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Have a musculoskeletal injury or have had a musculoskeletal injury in the 6 months prior to the start of the study.
- Have chronic diseases.
- Have a BMI over 24.9.
- Combine training and competition in other disciplines other than running.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Resisted Sprint TrainingIn this intervention, participants will perform 16 sessions of resisted sprint training with external loads using a sled over eight weeks. In these 16 sessions the intensity will vary in both the distance to be covered and the load to be moved. | Other | Resisted Sprint |
| Sprint TrainingIn this intervention, participants will perform 16 sessions of sprint training over eight weeks. In these 16 sessions the intensity will vary in the distance. | Other | Sprint training |
Primary outcome
V02 max
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
VO2 Max (Maximum Oxygen Consumption) is the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise. It is a key indicator of cardiovascular and aerobic fitness, reflecting the capacity of the heart, lungs, and muscles to deliver and use oxygen efficiently. VO2 Max is typically measured in milliliters of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min). A higher VO2 Max value generally indicates better endurance performance.
Critical Power
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Critical power (CP) is the maximum work intensity that an athlete can maintain consistently over a prolonged period of time.
Jump Height
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks. In each training sesion.
This is the height reached in centimetres during the performance of the countermovement jump and the box jump. countermovement jump and jump from the box. Both tests and their respective jumping heights provide valuable information on the explosive and reactive strength capacity of the leg muscles.
Heart Rate
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm) and is an important indicator of cardiovascular function and exercise intensity. The maximum heart rate is the maximum number of heartbeats the heart can achieve per minute during maximum physical exertion. It is an individual value, although there are different formulas for its calculation, it can vary significantly between trained and untrained individuals or by trained or untrained individuals or for other reasons.
Heart Rate Variability
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is the variation in the time intervals between consecutive heartbeats, measured in milliseconds. It reflects the ability of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to adapt to changing physiological demands by balancing sympathetic ("fight or flight") and parasympathetic ("rest and digest") activity. A higher HRV typically indicates greater cardiovascular and nervous system adaptability, resilience, and recovery, while a lower HRV may signal stress, fatigue, or decreased fitness. HRV is often used as a marker for overall health, recovery, and readiness in both clinical and athletic contexts.
Stride Length
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Stride length is the distance a runner covers with each step during a run. It is measured from the point of contact of one foot to the point of contact of the same foot in the next step. It is a key metric in the biomechanics of running and can significantly influence a runner's performance and efficiency.
Vertical oscillation
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Vertical oscillation in the context of running biomechanics refers to the upward and downward movement of the body's centre of mass during the running cycle. This vertical motion is a natural component of the running movement pattern and It occurs as a result of the complex interaction between momentum forces and gait dynamics.
Contact time
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Contact time in biomechanical running terms refers to the period of time a runner's foot is in contact with the ground during each stride cycle.
Perceived exertion
Time frame: In each training session through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Perceived exertion refers to an individual's subjective perception of the intensity or difficulty of a physical activity.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters (kg/m²). It is a widely used screening tool to categorize individuals into weight categories such as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese, based on their body composition. Although BMI does not directly measure body fat percentage, it provides a general indication of whether a person's weight is appropriate for their height and is commonly used in public health and clinical settings.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Feb 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. All data about the study will be shared, while maintaining the confidentiality of the participants.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Resisted Sprint Training and Sprint Training in people with Performance Enhancing, run by University of Cadiz at 1 site in Spain.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
V02 max (time frame: Through study completion, an average of 10 weeks). The study lists 10 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Feb 2026.