Hand Hygiene BehaviorNCT06736977
Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Education Programmes to Enhance Infection Prevention and Control Among Childcare Workers in Bangkok Daycare Centres, Thailand
A study testing The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC and The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC in people with Hand Hygiene Behavior and Infection Control, run by Universiti Putra Malaysia at 1 site in Thailand.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of nurse-led education programmes on childcare workers (CCWs) in improving infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in daycare centres. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hand Hygiene Behavior, Infection Control, Infection Prevention
- What is being tested?
- The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC and The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC
- Type of treatment
- Vaccines, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 180 participants
- Where
- 1 siteThailand
- Study dates
- 1 Feb 2025to 30 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Registered DCCs in Bangkok, as listed in the Bangkok Metropolis Administrative information.
- At least two or more CCWs work in DCC at the time of recruitment.
- Participants aged 18 years or over.
- Participants had been employed for at least three months at registered DCCs in Bangkok at the time of recruitment.
- Participants provided care for children 0-5 years of age.
- Participants could read and speak Thai language.
Who cannot join
- Participants are attending any IPC training at the time of recruitment.
- Participants are planning to attend another IPC training within six months after the time of recruitment.
- Participants have completed another IPC training programme within the six months prior to the time of recruitment.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of nurse-led education programmes on childcare workers (CCWs) in improving infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in daycare centres. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Is there an increase in IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance of CCWs after receiving the online or onsite IPC nurse-led education programme?
- Do CCWs who receive the online programme exhibit higher IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance compared to those who do not receive any programme?
- Do CCWs who receive the onsite programme exhibit higher IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance compared to those who do not receive any programme?
- Is there a difference in IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance between CCWs who receive the online programme and those who receive the onsite programme?
Read the detailed description
Despite the crucial role of infection prevention and control (IPC) in daycare centers (DCCs), research reveals significant gaps. Based on the systematic review of the IPC programmes among childcare workers (CCWs), most studies focus mainly on hand hygiene, neglecting other IPC components like environmental cleaning, waste management, vaccination, and triage of infectious disease patients. Research on the role of nurses in developing and implementing these programmes is also limited. Existing studies often emphasize outcomes related to children and parents rather than assessing the impact on CCWs. Only two studies used a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, essential for evaluating group interventions.
Additionally, the emergence of online, on-demand, and hybrid learning methods highlights a gap in IPC training, with limited exploration of online learning for IPC education. Comprehensive IPC programmes for CCWs, incorporating various IPC components, clearly defined roles for nurses, and modern educational methods, are urgently needed. These programmes should be rigorously evaluated using cluster RCT designs to provide robust evidence of their effectiveness. Therefore, this clinical trial is aimed to evaluate the effects of nurse-led education programmes on IPC knowledge, attitudes, and practices, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance among CCWs in daycare centres in Bangkok, Thailand.
- Being tested
- The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC, The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC
- Keywords
- Nurse-led education programme, Infection control, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Self-efficacy, Hand hygiene intention, Hand hygiene compliance, Childcare worker, Child day care centres
- Medical subject headings
- Behavior
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPCBehavioural
The programme was designed to enhance CCWs' IPC knowledge and attitudes through lectures, interactive discussions, information sharing, and Q\&A sessions. It also aims to improve their IPC practices and self-efficacy through demonstrations, role-playing exercises, and a work assignment focused on IPC self-monitoring.
The programme includes five educational sessions totalling 12 hours, along with one session for work assignment on daily self-monitoring of IPC practices over five days. The educational sessions cover the following topics:
- General concepts of infectious diseases
- Vaccination
- Standard precautions: The use of personal protective equipment, environmental cleaning and disinfection, handling food and feeding, and waste management
- Standard precautions: Hand hygiene
- Common infectious diseases in DCCs and management.
The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPCBehavioural
The online version of the nurse-led education programme was conducted using an online meeting platform. It includes the same content, learning activities, and materials as the onsite delivery programme, except for the practice stations, which cannot be provided to participants in the online delivery. Additionally, all documents will be available for download via the online platform.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC | Experimental | The researcher will conduct the Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC for one experimental group through face-to-face/onsite delivery. Receives: Behavioral: The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC |
| The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC | Experimental | The researcher will conduct the Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC for another experimental group through online platform delivery. Receives: Behavioral: The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC |
| The Control Group | No intervention | Participants in the control group will continue their usual practice without receiving any intervention and materials until the post-intervention assessment at six months. After that, the researcher will provide the online or onsite programmes and distribute all materials. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Infection prevention and control knowledge
This questionnaire was adapted from an existing validated tool, the knowledge of preventive behaviors for communicable diseases questionnaire. It was developed based on the Disease-Free Child Care Centers Policy from the Department of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, to assess Thai CCWs. The original questionnaire consists of 15 dichotomous questions. The item objective congruence (IOC) was evaluated by five experts, resulting in a score of 0.744, and internal consistency was assessed with a KR-20 of 0.73 (n = 30).
In this study, the researchers added five questions regarding the knowledge of using personal protective equipment, handling food and feeding, and managing waste. Therefore, the final version of this questionnaire consists of 20 dichotomous questions. The total score will be calculated by summing the correct responses, with higher scores indicating greater levels of IPC knowledge.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Infection prevention and control attitudes
This questionnaire was adapted from an existing validated tool, the attitudes of preventive behaviors for communicable disease questionnaire. It was developed based on the Disease-Free Child Care Centers Policy from the Department of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, to assess Thai CCWs. The original questionnaire consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The IOC was evaluated by five experts, resulting in a score of 0.744, and internal consistency was assessed with a Cronbach's α of 0.71 (n = 30).
In this study, the researchers removed questions that were outside the conceptual definition and added questions regarding beliefs, perceptions, and feelings about the importance and necessity of IPC measures. The final version of this questionnaire still consists of 15 items, including both positive and negative statements, with five-point Likert scales. The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating more positive attitudes toward IPC.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Infection prevention and control practices
This questionnaire was adapted from an existing validated tool, the preventive behaviours for communicable disease questionnaire. It was developed based on the Disease-Free Child Care Centers Policy from the Department of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, to assess Thai CCWs. The original questionnaire consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The IOC was evaluated by five experts, resulting in a score of 0.744, and internal consistency was assessed with a Cronbach's α of 0.71 (n = 30).
In this study, the researchers added five questions regarding practice of vaccination monitoring, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), handling food and feeding, and waste management. Therefore, the final version of this questionnaire consists of 20 items with five-point Likert scales. The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating higher levels of IPC practices.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Infection prevention and control self-efficacy
This questionnaire was translated and adapted from and existing validated tool, the infectious diseases prevention self-efficacy questionnaire. It was originally used to assess self-efficacy in infectious disease prevention among Korean daycare center administrators. The questionnaire consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The original tool demonstrated internal consistency with a Cronbach's α of 0.91 (n = 172).
In this study, the original questionnaire was translated from English to Thai by following the WHO guidelines for the process of translation and adaptation of instruments. Additionally, the researchers removed questions that were outside the conceptual definition and added items regarding confidence in the use of PPE, handling food and feeding, and waste management. The final version of the questionnaire still consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating higher levels of IPC self-efficacy.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Hand hygiene intention
This questionnaire was translated from an existing validated tool, the hand hygiene intention questionnaire. It was originally developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and identified through focus group discussions with caregivers and managers of DCCs to assess hand hygiene intention among CCWs in the Netherlands. The questionnaire consists of 2 items with seven-point Likert scales. The internal consistency was measured with a Cronbach's α of 0.90 (n = 350). The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating greater levels of hand hygiene intention.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Hand hygiene compliance
This questionnaire was translated and adapted from and existing validated tool, the hand hygiene compliance questionnaire. It was originally developed and commonly used in hand hygiene surveys of caregivers in Netherlands DCCs. The questionnaire consists of 18 items with eleven-point rating scales. It was later used to assess hand hygiene compliance among Chinese kindergarten teachers, reporting an internal consistency with a Cronbach's α of 0.83 (n = 95).
Measured: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted17 Dec 2024
- Study start1 Feb 2025
- Primary completion15 Dec 2025
- Study completion30 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hand Hygiene BehaviorStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Chakkrich Pidjadee, Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Investigators
- Chakkrich Pidjadee, Principal investigator, Universiti Putra Malaysia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06736977
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- COA.1-051/2024
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 10 Dec 2024
- Last updated
- 17 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Shin J, You SY. The mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between communication skills and practices of preventing infectious diseases among daycare center teachers in South Korea. Child Health Nurs Res. 2021 Jan;27(1):56-64. doi: 10.4094/chnr.2021.27.1.56. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
PubMed 35004497Zomer TP, Erasmus V, van Empelen P, Looman C, van Beeck EF, Tjon-A-Tsien A, Richardus JH, Voeten HA. Sociocognitive determinants of observed and self-reported compliance to hand hygiene guidelines in child day care centers. Am J Infect Control. 2013 Oct;41(10):862-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.11.023. Epub 2013 Mar 17.
PubMed 23510663Zomer TP, Erasmus V, Looman CW, VAN Beeck EF, Tjon-A-Tsien A, Richardus JH, Voeten HA. Improving hand hygiene compliance in child daycare centres: a randomized controlled trial. Epidemiol Infect. 2016 Sep;144(12):2552-60. doi: 10.1017/S0950268816000911. Epub 2016 May 19.
PubMed 27193613Rosen L, Zucker D, Brody D, Engelhard D, Manor O. The effect of a handwashing intervention on preschool educator beliefs, attitudes, knowledge and self-efficacy. Health Educ Res. 2009 Aug;24(4):686-98. doi: 10.1093/her/cyp004. Epub 2009 Mar 24.
PubMed 19318523Mendes PME, de Jesus Mateus LV, Costa P. Does a Playful Intervention Promote Hand Hygiene? Compliance and Educator's Beliefs about Hand Hygiene at a Daycare Center. J Pediatr Nurs. 2020 Mar-Apr;51:e64-e68. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.08.017. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
PubMed 31492509Pidjadee C, Soh KL, Attharos T, Soh KG. The effect of infection prevention and control programme for childcare workers in daycare centres: A systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024 Nov-Dec;79:116-125. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.09.002. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
PubMed 39255691
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Education Programmes to Enhance Infection Prevention and Control Among Childcare Workers in Bangkok Daycare Centres, Thailand
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06736977
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- COA.1-051/2024
- Keywords
- Nurse-led education programme, Infection control, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Self-efficacy, Hand hygiene intention, Hand hygiene compliance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Putra MalaysiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 17 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of nurse-led education programmes on childcare workers (CCWs) in improving infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in daycare centres. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Is there an increase in IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance of CCWs after receiving the online or onsite IPC nurse-led education programme?
- Do CCWs who receive the online programme exhibit higher IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance compared to those who do not receive any programme?
- Do CCWs who receive the onsite programme exhibit higher IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance compared to those who do not receive any programme?
- Is there a difference in IPC knowledge, attitudes, practices, and self-efficacy, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance between CCWs who receive the online programme and those who receive the onsite programme?
Detailed description
Despite the crucial role of infection prevention and control (IPC) in daycare centers (DCCs), research reveals significant gaps. Based on the systematic review of the IPC programmes among childcare workers (CCWs), most studies focus mainly on hand hygiene, neglecting other IPC components like environmental cleaning, waste management, vaccination, and triage of infectious disease patients. Research on the role of nurses in developing and implementing these programmes is also limited. Existing studies often emphasize outcomes related to children and parents rather than assessing the impact on CCWs. Only two studies used a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, essential for evaluating group interventions.
Additionally, the emergence of online, on-demand, and hybrid learning methods highlights a gap in IPC training, with limited exploration of online learning for IPC education. Comprehensive IPC programmes for CCWs, incorporating various IPC components, clearly defined roles for nurses, and modern educational methods, are urgently needed. These programmes should be rigorously evaluated using cluster RCT designs to provide robust evidence of their effectiveness. Therefore, this clinical trial is aimed to evaluate the effects of nurse-led education programmes on IPC knowledge, attitudes, and practices, as well as hand hygiene intention and compliance among CCWs in daycare centres in Bangkok, Thailand.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC | Experimental | Behavioral: The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPCThe researcher will conduct the Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC for one experimental group through face-to-face/onsite delivery. |
| The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC | Experimental | Behavioral: The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPCThe researcher will conduct the Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC for another experimental group through online platform delivery. |
| The Control Group | No intervention | –Participants in the control group will continue their usual practice without receiving any intervention and materials until the post-intervention assessment at six months. After that, the researcher will provide the online or onsite programmes and distribute all materials. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Registered DCCs in Bangkok, as listed in the Bangkok Metropolis Administrative information.
- At least two or more CCWs work in DCC at the time of recruitment.
- Participants aged 18 years or over.
- Participants had been employed for at least three months at registered DCCs in Bangkok at the time of recruitment.
- Participants provided care for children 0-5 years of age.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Participants are attending any IPC training at the time of recruitment.
- Participants are planning to attend another IPC training within six months after the time of recruitment.
- Participants have completed another IPC training programme within the six months prior to the time of recruitment.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPCThe programme was designed to enhance CCWs' IPC knowledge and attitudes through lectures, interactive discussions, information sharing, and Q\&A sessions. It also aims to improve their IPC practices and self-efficacy through demonstrations, role-playing exercises, and a work assignment focused on IPC self-monitoring. The programme includes five educational sessions totalling 12 hours, along with one session for work assignment on daily self-monitoring of IPC practices over five days. The educational sessions cover the following topics: 1. General concepts of infectious diseases 2. Vaccination 3. Standard precautions: The use of personal protective equipment, environmental cleaning and disinfection, handling food and feeding, and waste management 4. Standard precautions: Hand hygiene 5. Common infectious diseases in DCCs and management. | Behavioural | The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC |
| The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPCThe online version of the nurse-led education programme was conducted using an online meeting platform. It includes the same content, learning activities, and materials as the onsite delivery programme, except for the practice stations, which cannot be provided to participants in the online delivery. Additionally, all documents will be available for download via the online platform. | Behavioural | The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC |
Primary outcome
Infection prevention and control knowledge
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
This questionnaire was adapted from an existing validated tool, the knowledge of preventive behaviors for communicable diseases questionnaire. It was developed based on the Disease-Free Child Care Centers Policy from the Department of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, to assess Thai CCWs. The original questionnaire consists of 15 dichotomous questions. The item objective congruence (IOC) was evaluated by five experts, resulting in a score of 0.744, and internal consistency was assessed with a KR-20 of 0.73 (n = 30). In this study, the researchers added five questions regarding the knowledge of using personal protective equipment, handling food and feeding, and managing waste. Therefore, the final version of this questionnaire consists of 20 dichotomous questions. The total score will be calculated by summing the correct responses, with higher scores indicating greater levels of IPC knowledge.
Infection prevention and control attitudes
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
This questionnaire was adapted from an existing validated tool, the attitudes of preventive behaviors for communicable disease questionnaire. It was developed based on the Disease-Free Child Care Centers Policy from the Department of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, to assess Thai CCWs. The original questionnaire consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The IOC was evaluated by five experts, resulting in a score of 0.744, and internal consistency was assessed with a Cronbach's α of 0.71 (n = 30). In this study, the researchers removed questions that were outside the conceptual definition and added questions regarding beliefs, perceptions, and feelings about the importance and necessity of IPC measures. The final version of this questionnaire still consists of 15 items, including both positive and negative statements, with five-point Likert scales. The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating more positive attitudes toward IPC.
Infection prevention and control practices
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
This questionnaire was adapted from an existing validated tool, the preventive behaviours for communicable disease questionnaire. It was developed based on the Disease-Free Child Care Centers Policy from the Department of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, to assess Thai CCWs. The original questionnaire consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The IOC was evaluated by five experts, resulting in a score of 0.744, and internal consistency was assessed with a Cronbach's α of 0.71 (n = 30). In this study, the researchers added five questions regarding practice of vaccination monitoring, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), handling food and feeding, and waste management. Therefore, the final version of this questionnaire consists of 20 items with five-point Likert scales. The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating higher levels of IPC practices.
Infection prevention and control self-efficacy
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
This questionnaire was translated and adapted from and existing validated tool, the infectious diseases prevention self-efficacy questionnaire. It was originally used to assess self-efficacy in infectious disease prevention among Korean daycare center administrators. The questionnaire consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The original tool demonstrated internal consistency with a Cronbach's α of 0.91 (n = 172). In this study, the original questionnaire was translated from English to Thai by following the WHO guidelines for the process of translation and adaptation of instruments. Additionally, the researchers removed questions that were outside the conceptual definition and added items regarding confidence in the use of PPE, handling food and feeding, and waste management. The final version of the questionnaire still consists of 15 items with five-point Likert scales. The total score will be calculated, with higher scores indicating higher levels of IPC self-efficacy.
2 secondary outcomes
Hand hygiene intention
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Hand hygiene compliance
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Mar 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 35004497Shin J, You SY. The mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between communication skills and practices of preventing infectious diseases among daycare center teachers in South Korea. Child Health Nurs Res. 2021 Jan;27(1):56-64. doi: 10.4094/chnr.2021.27.1.56. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
- Results publication: PubMed 23510663Zomer TP, Erasmus V, van Empelen P, Looman C, van Beeck EF, Tjon-A-Tsien A, Richardus JH, Voeten HA. Sociocognitive determinants of observed and self-reported compliance to hand hygiene guidelines in child day care centers. Am J Infect Control. 2013 Oct;41(10):862-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.11.023. Epub 2013 Mar 17.
- Results publication: PubMed 27193613Zomer TP, Erasmus V, Looman CW, VAN Beeck EF, Tjon-A-Tsien A, Richardus JH, Voeten HA. Improving hand hygiene compliance in child daycare centres: a randomized controlled trial. Epidemiol Infect. 2016 Sep;144(12):2552-60. doi: 10.1017/S0950268816000911. Epub 2016 May 19.
- Results publication: PubMed 19318523Rosen L, Zucker D, Brody D, Engelhard D, Manor O. The effect of a handwashing intervention on preschool educator beliefs, attitudes, knowledge and self-efficacy. Health Educ Res. 2009 Aug;24(4):686-98. doi: 10.1093/her/cyp004. Epub 2009 Mar 24.
- Results publication: PubMed 31492509Mendes PME, de Jesus Mateus LV, Costa P. Does a Playful Intervention Promote Hand Hygiene? Compliance and Educator's Beliefs about Hand Hygiene at a Daycare Center. J Pediatr Nurs. 2020 Mar-Apr;51:e64-e68. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.08.017. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
- Results publication: PubMed 39255691Pidjadee C, Soh KL, Attharos T, Soh KG. The effect of infection prevention and control programme for childcare workers in daycare centres: A systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024 Nov-Dec;79:116-125. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.09.002. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
- Related InfoLink provided by the sponsor.
- Related InfoLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chakkrich Pidjadee principal investigator
Universiti Putra Malaysia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing The Onsite Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC and The Online Nurse-Led Education Programme on IPC in people with Hand Hygiene Behavior and Infection Control, run by Universiti Putra Malaysia at 1 site in Thailand.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Thailand. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Infection prevention and control knowledge (time frame: From enrollment to the end of the programme at immediatly, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06736977, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Mar 2026.