Postural; DefectNCT06750367
Effects of Klapp Method Exercises in Breast Feeding Females With Kyphotic Posture
A study testing Klapp method exercises and At-Home exercise program in people with Postural; Defect and Breast Feeding, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Group A will be given Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month twice in a week for 50min. Group B will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such, posture correction,corrective exercises and breathing exercises. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 22 to 30 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Postural; Defect, Breast Feeding
- What is being tested?
- Klapp method exercises and At-Home exercise program
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Aug 2024to 1 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 22 to 30 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Primiparous females
- Female who had C-Section
- Lactating females (females who have had feed their babies for last 6 months)
- Pain in neck (pain score 4-6 in visual analogue scale)
- Female with kyphotic angle greater than 45 degrees (assess by inclinometer)
Who cannot join
- history of orthopedic surgery (spinal fusion)
- orthopedic disorder (disk degeneration, osteoporosis)
- history of vertebral fracture
- Female who had given vaginal birth
- Breast feeding issues (lactation failure, nipple failure)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Civil hospital and Al-siddique hospital
Sialkot, Punjab Province, 6400
About this study
Official title: Effects of Klapp Method Exercises on Pain, Posture Correction and Self-efficacy in Breast Feeding Females With Kyphotic Posture
Group A will be given Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month twice in a week for 50min. Group B will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such, posture correction,corrective exercises and breathing exercises. They will be asked to perform the exercises twice weekly during the study and follow-up period. All these sessions will be of 50 minute for 2 session per week for 4 weeks
Read the detailed description
The Klapp exercises program, is an active therapeutic exercise that aims to stretch, mobilize, and strengthen the spine, offering both pain reduction and postural improvement. This method is widely applied, for the correction of vertebral deformities such as kyphosis, lordosis and scoliosis, to the treatment of thoracic cage abnormalities and thoracic cage shape changes after thoracoplasty, as well as in the treatment of spinal muscle interference from polio and spinal osteochondrosis.
The aim of this study to investigate the effects of klapp method exercises on pain, posture correction and self-efficacy in breast feeding females with kyphotic posture.
This will be a randomized Controlled trial conducted on (32) participants. Data will be collected from Civil hospital and Al-siddique hospital, Sialkot by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Breast feeding females between the age of 22 to 30 with kyphotic posture. Participants who had a history orthopedic disorder, orthopedic surgery, history of recent fracture, non-lactating females will be excluded from this study. A sample of (32) will be divided in to two groups with (16) participants in each group. Group A will be given Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month twice in a week for 50min. Group B will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such, posture correction, corrective exercises and breathing exercises. They will be asked to perform the exercises twice weekly during the study and follow-up period. All these sessions will be of 50 minute for 2 session per week for 4 weeks. Pre and post assessment of pain, pain will be assessed by visual analogue scale, posture will be evaluated by inclinometer, self-efficacy breast feeding will be assessed self-efficacy breastfeeding scale (BSES-SF). Data will be analyzed by using SPSS version 26.0
- Conditions
- Postural; Defect, Breast Feeding
- Being tested
- Klapp method exercises, At-Home exercise program
- Keywords
- exercises, pain, posture, female, self-efficacy
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Feeding, Motor Activity, Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Klapp method exercisesOther
The researcher will administer Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month (twice in a week for 50 min .The researcher will perform stretching of upper limb, neck and thoracic region to the participants as a baseline treatment. Klapps exercises program include four point walk followed by two point walk and back walk, breathing exercise from kneeling position, breathing exercise from quadrapedal position, simple bounce glide with simulanteos breathing, bunny hop greeting. Each exercise will be performed with 10 repetitions
At-Home exercise programOther
theywill begiven printed information on an at-home exercise program, such corrective exercises (Chin tuck, stretchingof neck extensormuscles andpectoral musclegroups instandingandsupinepositions) (16) ,posturecorrection exercises(Thisexerciseprogramconsistedof2strengthening(of thedeep cervical flexorsandshoulderretractors)(26) ,andbreathingexercises(Deep breathing is an exercise that can regulate breathing patterns and improve posture. The deep breathing that is done repeatedly can overcome stiffness in the thoracic cage and straighten the curve of thoracic kyphosis)(27).Theywillbeaskedtoperformtheperiodof1month twiceinaweekfor50minwith10repetitionsofeachexercise.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Klapp method exercises | Experimental | Four pointwalk followedby twopointwalk\&backwalk: This exercise is basic, it is a mobility exercise and always applied at the beginning of the program. Breathing exercise from a kneeling position: (raising hands with inhalation lowering hands with exhalation). Simple bounce glide with simultaneous breathing: (a stretching,strengthening and corrective exercises) Bunny hop: (for stretching and strengthening). Greeting: (Stretching and mobilization of thalamus) Receives: Other: Klapp method exercises |
| At-Home exercises program | Active comparator | The researcher will prescribe stretching of neck, upper limb and thoracic region of participants as a baseline treatment. The control group will continue with their normal activities and pain relief methods. Additionally, they will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such corrective exercises (Chin tuck, stretching of neck extensor muscles and pectoral muscle groups in standing and supine positions) (16), posture correction exercises (This exercise program consisted of 2 strengthening (of the deep cervical flexors and shoulder retractors), and breathing exercises (Deep breathing is an exercise that can regulate breathing patterns and improve posture. The deep breathing that is done repeatedly can overcome stiffness in the thoracic cage and straighten the curve of thoracic kyphosis).They will be asked to perform the period of 1-month twice in a week for 50 min with10 repetitions of each exercise Receives: Other: At-Home exercise program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual Analogue Scale
The pain VAS is a unidimensional measure of pain intensity, used to record patients' pain progression, or compare pain severity between patients with similar conditions. moderate to good reliability for disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain VAS is widely used as a measure of pain intensity in globally. It has been shown that VAS is valid, reliable and interval scale. The majority of the studies showed that visual analogue scale is a valid and reliable scale. . High reliability when it is used for acute musculoskeletal pain and ICC = 0.99 [95%CI 0.989 to 0.992], and moderate to good reliability for disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Also, it is an interval scale. So, in clinical practice we can use this scale in case of measurement as an outcome measure tool.
Measured: 4th week
inclinometer
The gravity-dependent (analogue) inclinometer produces angles that are comparable to the modified Cobb angle obtained from radiographs, establishing its criterion validity as a safe clinical tool for measuring thoracic kyphosis. Inclinometer has high validity with (r=0.85-0.95) and high inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.85-0.98)
Measured: 4th week
Self-efficacy breast feeding scale (BSES-S F questionnaire)
Breastfeeding self-efficacy is defined as a mother's confidence in ability to breastfeed and predicts "whether a mother chooses to breastfeed, how much effort she will expend, whether she will persevere in her attempts until mastery is achieved, whether she will have self enhancing or self-defeating thought patterns, and how she will emotionally respond to breastfeeding difficulties" BSES (n = 5 studies) or BSES-SF (n = 36studies) among demographically or culturally diverse populations. All versions of the instrument demonstrated good reliability, with Cronbach's alphas ranging from .72 to .97
Measured: 4th week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Dec 2024
- Study start1 Aug 2024
- Primary completion1 Jul 2025
- Study completion1 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Postural; DefectStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- hina gul, MSOMPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06750367
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0526
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Dec 2024
- Last updated
- 25 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Zappala M, Lightbourne S, Heneghan NR. The relationship between thoracic kyphosis and age, and normative values across age groups: a systematic review of healthy adults. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Jul 9;16(1):447. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02592-2.
PubMed 34243795Zanguie H, Yousefi M, Ilbiegi S, Pezeshk AF. Validity and Reliability of Non Invasive Methods for Evaluating Kyphosis and Lordosis Curvatures: A Literature Review. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation. 2023
Shafshak TS, Elnemr R. The Visual Analogue Scale Versus Numerical Rating Scale in Measuring Pain Severity and Predicting Disability in Low Back Pain. J Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Oct 1;27(7):282-285. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001320.
PubMed 31985722Sebaaly A, Silvestre C, Rizkallah M, Grobost P, Chevillotte T, Kharrat K, Roussouly P. Revisiting thoracic kyphosis: a normative description of the thoracic sagittal curve in an asymptomatic population. Eur Spine J. 2021 May;30(5):1184-1189. doi: 10.1007/s00586-020-06670-7. Epub 2020 Nov 22.
PubMed 33222002Urrutia J, Besa P, Narvaez F, Meissner-Haecker A, Rios C, Piza C. Mid and lower thoracic kyphosis changes during adulthood: the influence of age, sex and thoracic coronal curvature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Aug;142(8):1731-1737. doi: 10.1007/s00402-021-03798-z. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
PubMed 33544182
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Klapp Method Exercises on Pain, Posture Correction and Self-efficacy in Breast Feeding Females With Kyphotic Posture
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06750367
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0526
- Conditions
- Postural; Defect, Breast Feeding
- Keywords
- exercises, pain, posture, female, self-efficacy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Group A will be given Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month twice in a week for 50min. Group B will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such, posture correction,corrective exercises and breathing exercises. They will be asked to perform the exercises twice weekly during the study and follow-up period. All these sessions will be of 50 minute for 2 session per week for 4 weeks
Detailed description
The Klapp exercises program, is an active therapeutic exercise that aims to stretch, mobilize, and strengthen the spine, offering both pain reduction and postural improvement. This method is widely applied, for the correction of vertebral deformities such as kyphosis, lordosis and scoliosis, to the treatment of thoracic cage abnormalities and thoracic cage shape changes after thoracoplasty, as well as in the treatment of spinal muscle interference from polio and spinal osteochondrosis.
The aim of this study to investigate the effects of klapp method exercises on pain, posture correction and self-efficacy in breast feeding females with kyphotic posture.
This will be a randomized Controlled trial conducted on (32) participants. Data will be collected from Civil hospital and Al-siddique hospital, Sialkot by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Breast feeding females between the age of 22 to 30 with kyphotic posture. Participants who had a history orthopedic disorder, orthopedic surgery, history of recent fracture, non-lactating females will be excluded from this study. A sample of (32) will be divided in to two groups with (16) participants in each group. Group A will be given Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month twice in a week for 50min. Group B will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such, posture correction, corrective exercises and breathing exercises. They will be asked to perform the exercises twice weekly during the study and follow-up period. All these sessions will be of 50 minute for 2 session per week for 4 weeks. Pre and post assessment of pain, pain will be assessed by visual analogue scale, posture will be evaluated by inclinometer, self-efficacy breast feeding will be assessed self-efficacy breastfeeding scale (BSES-SF). Data will be analyzed by using SPSS version 26.0
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Klapp method exercises | Experimental | Other: Klapp method exercisesFour pointwalk followedby twopointwalk\&backwalk: This exercise is basic, it is a mobility exercise and always applied at the beginning of the program. Breathing exercise from a kneeling position: (raising hands with inhalation lowering hands with exhalation). Simple bounce glide with simultaneous breathing: (a stretching,strengthening and corrective exercises) Bunny hop: (for stretching and strengthening). Greeting: (Stretching and mobilization of thalamus) |
| At-Home exercises program | Active comparator | Other: At-Home exercise programThe researcher will prescribe stretching of neck, upper limb and thoracic region of participants as a baseline treatment. The control group will continue with their normal activities and pain relief methods. Additionally, they will be given printed information on an at-home exercise program, such corrective exercises (Chin tuck, stretching of neck extensor muscles and pectoral muscle groups in standing and supine positions) (16), posture correction exercises (This exercise program consisted of 2 strengthening (of the deep cervical flexors and shoulder retractors), and breathing exercises (Deep breathing is an exercise that can regulate breathing patterns and improve posture. The deep breathing that is done repeatedly can overcome stiffness in the thoracic cage and straighten the curve of thoracic kyphosis).They will be asked to perform the period of 1-month twice in a week for 50 min with10 repetitions of each exercise |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 22 to 30 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Primiparous females
- Female who had C-Section
- Lactating females (females who have had feed their babies for last 6 months)
- Pain in neck (pain score 4-6 in visual analogue scale)
- Female with kyphotic angle greater than 45 degrees (assess by inclinometer)
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- history of orthopedic surgery (spinal fusion)
- orthopedic disorder (disk degeneration, osteoporosis)
- history of vertebral fracture
- Female who had given vaginal birth
- Breast feeding issues (lactation failure, nipple failure)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Klapp method exercisesThe researcher will administer Klapp method exercises to the participant for a period of 1 month (twice in a week for 50 min .The researcher will perform stretching of upper limb, neck and thoracic region to the participants as a baseline treatment. Klapps exercises program include four point walk followed by two point walk and back walk, breathing exercise from kneeling position, breathing exercise from quadrapedal position, simple bounce glide with simulanteos breathing, bunny hop greeting. Each exercise will be performed with 10 repetitions | Other | Klapp method exercises |
| At-Home exercise programtheywill begiven printed information on an at-home exercise program, such corrective exercises (Chin tuck, stretchingof neck extensormuscles andpectoral musclegroups instandingandsupinepositions) (16) ,posturecorrection exercises(Thisexerciseprogramconsistedof2strengthening(of thedeep cervical flexorsandshoulderretractors)(26) ,andbreathingexercises(Deep breathing is an exercise that can regulate breathing patterns and improve posture. The deep breathing that is done repeatedly can overcome stiffness in the thoracic cage and straighten the curve of thoracic kyphosis)(27).Theywillbeaskedtoperformtheperiodof1month twiceinaweekfor50minwith10repetitionsofeachexercise. | Other | At-Home exercises program |
Primary outcome
Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: 4th week
The pain VAS is a unidimensional measure of pain intensity, used to record patients' pain progression, or compare pain severity between patients with similar conditions. moderate to good reliability for disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain VAS is widely used as a measure of pain intensity in globally. It has been shown that VAS is valid, reliable and interval scale. The majority of the studies showed that visual analogue scale is a valid and reliable scale. . High reliability when it is used for acute musculoskeletal pain and ICC = 0.99 [95%CI 0.989 to 0.992], and moderate to good reliability for disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Also, it is an interval scale. So, in clinical practice we can use this scale in case of measurement as an outcome measure tool.
inclinometer
Time frame: 4th week
The gravity-dependent (analogue) inclinometer produces angles that are comparable to the modified Cobb angle obtained from radiographs, establishing its criterion validity as a safe clinical tool for measuring thoracic kyphosis. Inclinometer has high validity with (r=0.85-0.95) and high inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.85-0.98)
Self-efficacy breast feeding scale (BSES-S F questionnaire)
Time frame: 4th week
Breastfeeding self-efficacy is defined as a mother's confidence in ability to breastfeed and predicts "whether a mother chooses to breastfeed, how much effort she will expend, whether she will persevere in her attempts until mastery is achieved, whether she will have self enhancing or self-defeating thought patterns, and how she will emotionally respond to breastfeeding difficulties" BSES (n = 5 studies) or BSES-SF (n = 36studies) among demographically or culturally diverse populations. All versions of the instrument demonstrated good reliability, with Cronbach's alphas ranging from .72 to .97
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 34243795Zappala M, Lightbourne S, Heneghan NR. The relationship between thoracic kyphosis and age, and normative values across age groups: a systematic review of healthy adults. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Jul 9;16(1):447. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02592-2.
- BackgroundZanguie H, Yousefi M, Ilbiegi S, Pezeshk AF. Validity and Reliability of Non Invasive Methods for Evaluating Kyphosis and Lordosis Curvatures: A Literature Review. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation. 2023
- Background: PubMed 31985722Shafshak TS, Elnemr R. The Visual Analogue Scale Versus Numerical Rating Scale in Measuring Pain Severity and Predicting Disability in Low Back Pain. J Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Oct 1;27(7):282-285. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001320.
- Background: PubMed 33222002Sebaaly A, Silvestre C, Rizkallah M, Grobost P, Chevillotte T, Kharrat K, Roussouly P. Revisiting thoracic kyphosis: a normative description of the thoracic sagittal curve in an asymptomatic population. Eur Spine J. 2021 May;30(5):1184-1189. doi: 10.1007/s00586-020-06670-7. Epub 2020 Nov 22.
- Background: PubMed 33544182Urrutia J, Besa P, Narvaez F, Meissner-Haecker A, Rios C, Piza C. Mid and lower thoracic kyphosis changes during adulthood: the influence of age, sex and thoracic coronal curvature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Aug;142(8):1731-1737. doi: 10.1007/s00402-021-03798-z. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
hina gul, MSOMPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Klapp method exercises and At-Home exercise program in people with Postural; Defect and Breast Feeding, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual Analogue Scale (time frame: 4th week). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06750367, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Feb 2026.