Executive FunctionNCT06770192
Comparison Between Plyometrics and Calisthenics on Executive Function in School Going Children
A study testing Calisthenics and Plyometric in people with Executive Function, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of calisthenics and plyometric exercises on executive functions in school-going children. The main questions it aims to answer are: Will calisthenics exercises have a better effect on executive functions compared to plyometric exercises in school-going… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 8 to 12 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Executive Function
- What is being tested?
- Calisthenics and Plyometric
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 99 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 12 Dec 2024to 10 Jun 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 8 to 12 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Participants falling in this category would be recruited into the study.
- Male School Going Children (8-12 Years of Age)
- Normal BMI of School Going Children
- No Recent Musculoskeletal Injury.
- Not Actively Engaged in Other Sports
Who cannot join
- Children with any mental or physical disability.
- Children with acute illness or fracture
- Active Inflammation or infections
- Any physical deformity
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Different Schools
Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 46000
Waqar Ahmed Awan Principal Investigator, phD, 0923335348846, waqar.ahmed@riphah.edu.pk
About this study
Official title: Effects of Plyometrics and Calisthenics on Executive Function in School Going Children
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of calisthenics and plyometric exercises on executive functions in school-going children. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Will calisthenics exercises have a better effect on executive functions compared to plyometric exercises in school-going children?
- How do these exercise interventions impact selective attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility in children?
Read more
Researchers will compare a calisthenics exercise group, a plyometric exercise group, and a control group (no intervention) to see if there are differences in executive function outcomes.
Participants will:
- Be male school-going children aged 8-12 years
- Be randomly assigned to one of three groups: calisthenics, plyometric, or control
- Complete baseline assessments of executive function
- Participate in their assigned exercise program 3 times per week for 8 weeks (exercise groups only)
- Complete follow-up assessments of executive function at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
- Perform tests measuring selective attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility
Read the detailed description
Title: Comparison of Calisthenics and Plyometric Exercises on Executive Functions Among School-Going Children
This research study, conducted by Maria Javid at Riphah International University in Islamabad, aims to investigate how different types of exercise affect cognitive abilities in children. Specifically, it compares the effects of calisthenics (bodyweight exercises) and plyometrics (jump training) on executive functions in school-going children.
Executive functions are crucial cognitive skills that help children with tasks like planning, organizing, paying attention, and controlling impulses. These skills are essential for academic success and everyday life. The study seeks to understand if and how different exercise types can enhance these cognitive abilities.
Key Details:
- Participants: Male school-going children aged 8-12 years
- Duration: 8 weeks
- Location: Public and private schools in Islamabad, Pakistan
The study will involve three groups:
- Calisthenics group: Performing bodyweight exercises
- Plyometric group: Engaging in jumping and explosive movement exercises
- Control group: No specific exercise intervention
Both exercise groups will participate in supervised sessions three times per week. The exercises are designed to be age-appropriate and safe for children.
Measurements:
Researchers will assess various aspects of executive function using standardized tests:
- Selective attention: Using the Children's Trail Making Test
- Working memory: Using Forward and Backward Digit Span Tests
- Inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility: Using the Stroop Test
These assessments will be conducted at the beginning of the study, at 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks to track changes over time.
Significance:
This study is important because it could provide valuable insights into how different types of exercise affect children's cognitive development. The results could inform physical education programs in schools and help parents and educators make informed decisions about children's physical activities.
Ethical Considerations:
The study has been approved by the university's ethics review board. Participation is voluntary, and parents must provide informed consent. All data will be kept confidential and coded to protect participants' identities.
Expected Outcomes:
The researchers hypothesize that calisthenics exercises may have a more significant positive effect on executive functions compared to plyometric exercises. However, both exercise types are expected to show improvements compared to the control group.
This research contributes to the growing field of exercise neuroscience and could have practical implications for child development, education, and public health policies related to physical activity in schools.
- Conditions
- Executive Function
- Being tested
- Calisthenics, Plyometric, Control
- Keywords
- Executive function, Calisthenics, Plyometric exercises, School-going children, Cognitive development, Physical activity, Working memory, Selective attention, Inhibitory control, Cognitive flexibility, Stroop test, Trail Making Test, Digit Span Test, Cognitive assessment in children
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
CalisthenicsOther
Session will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes. Session would be of 8 minutes in which 1 minutes exercise and 1 minute rest is there. Exercise include bunny jumps, bear crawls , crab walk and mad cat and 9 minutes cool down period. This protocol would be follow up to 8 weeks.
PlyometricOther
: Session will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes.. And 9 minutes cool down period. Following Plyometrics would be performed:1 medicine ball squats 2.ABC pushups 3.Medicine ball chest press 4.standing jump reach for star 5.SINGLE leg hops 6.Pushup on knees 7.zig zag double jump
ControlOther
compare with other groups
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Plyometric | Experimental | Session will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes.. And 9 minutes cool down period. Following Plyometrics would be performed:1 medicine ball squats 2.ABC pushups 3.Medicine ball chest press 4.standing jump reach for star 5.SINGLE leg hops 6.Pushup on knees 7.zig zag double jump Receives: Other: Plyometric |
| Calisthenics | Experimental | Session will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes. Session would be of 8 minutes in which 1 minutes exercise and 1 minute rest is there. Exercise include bunny jumps, bear crawls , crab walk and mad cat and 9 minutes cool down period. This protocol would be follow up to 8 weeks. Receives: Other: Calisthenics |
| Control | Other | compare with other groups Receives: Other: Control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Selective Attention
which is measured by Children's Trail Making Test (Parts 1 and 2).Part 1: This test assesses the child's ability to maintain focused attention by having them connect numbered circles in sequential order as quickly as possible. It measures visual attention and task-switching capabilities.
Part 2: In this part, the child alternates between numbers and letters (e.g., 1-A-2-B), which adds a layer of complexity to assess cognitive flexibility and visual-motor coordination.
Measured: 8 weeks
Forward Digit Span
Measures the ability to temporarily hold and recall sequences of numbers in the same order they are presented, assessing short-term memory
Measured: 8 weeks
Backward Digit Span
Requires the child to recall sequences of numbers in reverse order, testing their working memory and cognitive processing capabilities.
Measured: 8 weeks
Digit Sequencing
Involves recalling a series of digits in numerical order, further assessing the ability to manipulate and reorganize information in working memory
Measured: 8 weeks
Inhibitory Control and Cognitive Flexibility
tested by Stroop Test This test evaluates the child's ability to inhibit automatic responses and demonstrate cognitive flexibility. In the classic Stroop task, the child must name the ink color of words that are incongruent with their meaning (e.g., the word "red" printed in blue ink). It measures how well the child can control their impulsive responses and manage conflicting information.
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Jan 2025
- Study start12 Dec 2024
- Primary completion4 Apr 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion10 Jun 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Executive FunctionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 99 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Waqar Ahmed Awan Principal Investigator, phD, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06770192
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RiphahRCRAHS-ISBRECMS-PT01917
- Status last verified
- Jan 2025
- First submitted
- 12 Dec 2024
- Last updated
- 13 Jan 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Jan 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Plyometrics and Calisthenics on Executive Function in School Going Children
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06770192
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RiphahRCRAHS-ISBRECMS-PT01917
- Conditions
- Executive Function
- Keywords
- Executive function, Calisthenics, Plyometric exercises, School-going children, Cognitive development, Physical activity, Working memory, Selective attention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 99 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 12 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 4 Apr 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 10 Jun 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 13 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of calisthenics and plyometric exercises on executive functions in school-going children. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Will calisthenics exercises have a better effect on executive functions compared to plyometric exercises in school-going children?
- How do these exercise interventions impact selective attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility in children?
Researchers will compare a calisthenics exercise group, a plyometric exercise group, and a control group (no intervention) to see if there are differences in executive function outcomes.
Participants will:
- Be male school-going children aged 8-12 years
- Be randomly assigned to one of three groups: calisthenics, plyometric, or control
- Complete baseline assessments of executive function
- Participate in their assigned exercise program 3 times per week for 8 weeks (exercise groups only)
- Complete follow-up assessments of executive function at 4 weeks and 8 weeks
- Perform tests measuring selective attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility
Detailed description
Title: Comparison of Calisthenics and Plyometric Exercises on Executive Functions Among School-Going Children
This research study, conducted by Maria Javid at Riphah International University in Islamabad, aims to investigate how different types of exercise affect cognitive abilities in children. Specifically, it compares the effects of calisthenics (bodyweight exercises) and plyometrics (jump training) on executive functions in school-going children.
Executive functions are crucial cognitive skills that help children with tasks like planning, organizing, paying attention, and controlling impulses. These skills are essential for academic success and everyday life. The study seeks to understand if and how different exercise types can enhance these cognitive abilities.
Key Details:
- Participants: Male school-going children aged 8-12 years
- Duration: 8 weeks
- Location: Public and private schools in Islamabad, Pakistan
The study will involve three groups:
- Calisthenics group: Performing bodyweight exercises
- Plyometric group: Engaging in jumping and explosive movement exercises
- Control group: No specific exercise intervention
Both exercise groups will participate in supervised sessions three times per week. The exercises are designed to be age-appropriate and safe for children.
Measurements:
Researchers will assess various aspects of executive function using standardized tests:
- Selective attention: Using the Children's Trail Making Test
- Working memory: Using Forward and Backward Digit Span Tests
- Inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility: Using the Stroop Test
These assessments will be conducted at the beginning of the study, at 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks to track changes over time.
Significance:
This study is important because it could provide valuable insights into how different types of exercise affect children's cognitive development. The results could inform physical education programs in schools and help parents and educators make informed decisions about children's physical activities.
Ethical Considerations:
The study has been approved by the university's ethics review board. Participation is voluntary, and parents must provide informed consent. All data will be kept confidential and coded to protect participants' identities.
Expected Outcomes:
The researchers hypothesize that calisthenics exercises may have a more significant positive effect on executive functions compared to plyometric exercises. However, both exercise types are expected to show improvements compared to the control group.
This research contributes to the growing field of exercise neuroscience and could have practical implications for child development, education, and public health policies related to physical activity in schools.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Plyometric | Experimental | Other: PlyometricSession will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes.. And 9 minutes cool down period. Following Plyometrics would be performed:1 medicine ball squats 2.ABC pushups 3.Medicine ball chest press 4.standing jump reach for star 5.SINGLE leg hops 6.Pushup on knees 7.zig zag double jump |
| Calisthenics | Experimental | Other: CalisthenicsSession will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes. Session would be of 8 minutes in which 1 minutes exercise and 1 minute rest is there. Exercise include bunny jumps, bear crawls , crab walk and mad cat and 9 minutes cool down period. This protocol would be follow up to 8 weeks. |
| Control | Other | Other: Controlcompare with other groups |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 8 to 12 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Participants falling in this category would be recruited into the study.
- Male School Going Children (8-12 Years of Age)
- Normal BMI of School Going Children
- No Recent Musculoskeletal Injury.
- Not Actively Engaged in Other Sports
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Children with any mental or physical disability.
- Children with acute illness or fracture
- Active Inflammation or infections
- Any physical deformity
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| CalisthenicsSession will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes. Session would be of 8 minutes in which 1 minutes exercise and 1 minute rest is there. Exercise include bunny jumps, bear crawls , crab walk and mad cat and 9 minutes cool down period. This protocol would be follow up to 8 weeks. | Other | Calisthenics |
| Plyometric: Session will start with 9 minutes of warm up which includes 4 minutes of jogging and moderate intensity dynamic stretching for 5 minutes.. And 9 minutes cool down period. Following Plyometrics would be performed:1 medicine ball squats 2.ABC pushups 3.Medicine ball chest press 4.standing jump reach for star 5.SINGLE leg hops 6.Pushup on knees 7.zig zag double jump | Other | Plyometric |
| Controlcompare with other groups | Other | Control |
Primary outcome
Selective Attention
Time frame: 8 weeks
which is measured by Children's Trail Making Test (Parts 1 and 2).Part 1: This test assesses the child's ability to maintain focused attention by having them connect numbered circles in sequential order as quickly as possible. It measures visual attention and task-switching capabilities. Part 2: In this part, the child alternates between numbers and letters (e.g., 1-A-2-B), which adds a layer of complexity to assess cognitive flexibility and visual-motor coordination.
Forward Digit Span
Time frame: 8 weeks
Measures the ability to temporarily hold and recall sequences of numbers in the same order they are presented, assessing short-term memory
Backward Digit Span
Time frame: 8 weeks
Requires the child to recall sequences of numbers in reverse order, testing their working memory and cognitive processing capabilities.
Digit Sequencing
Time frame: 8 weeks
Involves recalling a series of digits in numerical order, further assessing the ability to manipulate and reorganize information in working memory
Inhibitory Control and Cognitive Flexibility
Time frame: 8 weeks
tested by Stroop Test This test evaluates the child's ability to inhibit automatic responses and demonstrate cognitive flexibility. In the classic Stroop task, the child must name the ink color of words that are incongruent with their meaning (e.g., the word "red" printed in blue ink). It measures how well the child can control their impulsive responses and manage conflicting information.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Jan 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Waqar Ahmed Awan Principal Investigator, phD principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Calisthenics and Plyometric in people with Executive Function, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Jan 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Waqar Ahmed Awan Phd (+923335348846, waqar.ahmed@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Selective Attention (time frame: 8 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Jan 2025.