BreastfeedingNCT06780969
A Sustainable Choice to Reduce Carbon Footprint
A study testing Green Mother Training in people with Breastfeeding, run by Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Breastfeeding
- What is being tested?
- Green Mother Training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 31 Jan 2025to 16 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Pregnant women 24 weeks gestation
- Must be between 18 and 35 years of age.
- Women must provide informed consent to participate in the study, indicating their willingness to participate in the educational intervention and assessments.
- Attend educational sessions
Who cannot join
- Women with significant medical conditions that may affect breastfeeding or nutrition (e.g. serious mental illness, chronic disease) will be excluded.
- Multiple pregnancies
- Previous GREEN MOTHER training
- Substance abuse
- Women considered to be at high risk of non-compliance with the study protocol (e.g. those with unstable living conditions).
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Breastfeeding: A Sustainable Choice to Reduce Carbon Footprint
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women.
Read the detailed description
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women.
In the sample size calculation performed using G*Power 3.1.9.7 (Faul et al., 2007) software, the effect size value determined for the relationship between awareness levels regarding sustainable and healthy nutrition behaviors and reducing ecological footprint was determined as Cohen's r=0.470. Statistical power analysis was performed under A Priori: Compute required sample size (Correlation: Bivariate normal model), 95% power (1-β) and α=0.05 and in the light of these parameters, it was concluded that a sample size of at least 53 participants was required for the study in question. In case of data loss, it was envisaged to increase the sample by 20% as a result of statistical consultancy. Accordingly, it was planned to conduct the study with a total of n=64 people, n=32 in the intervention group and n=32 in the control group.
It was carried out with the participation of two groups. The carbon footprint education group received 4 education sessions of 60 minutes each. The control group received routine hospital care during this period, but no other intervention was made.
Data for the study were collected by the researcher using face-to-face interviews, a personal information form with demographic questions, and the measurement tools used in the study. The training was completed 4 weeks later. After the training, the measurement tools were used for the woman's postpartum period.
Participants were given an explanation of the carbon footprint education and told how, for how long, and where the education would take place. The carbon footprint education programme was completed by the participants in a specific way (nutrition, breastfeeding, environmental awareness) for each session. The education was delivered using a poster.
The carbon footprint education was given in 4 sessions in this way. The measurement tools were given to the participants again on the 1st day, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month after birth.
- Conditions
- Breastfeeding
- Being tested
- Green Mother Training
- Keywords
- Breastfeeding, Carbon footprint, Sustainability, Nutrition, Environmental impact
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Feeding
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Green Mother TrainingBehavioural
Poster education
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Women selected for the experimental group will receive 4 sessions of Green Mother Training.
The programme, which includes breastfeeding, bonding and carbon footprint training, is delivered 4 times by researchers.
The training content has been prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature. The training will be delivered using posters. Receives: Behavioral: Green Mother Training |
| Control | No intervention | Women in the control group receive routine care at the same hospital's polyclinics. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Scale Breast-feeding Self-efficacy Scale
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale: This is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis (1999). It consists of two sub-dimensions to determine mothers' breastfeeding skills, beliefs and behaviours regarding breastfeeding. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the scale was conducted by Ekşioğlu and Çeber (2011). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was assessed using a five-point Likert scale: (1) I never trust myself, (2) I do not trust myself very much, (3) I trust myself sometimes, (4) I trust myself often, (5) I always trust myself. As the total score on the scale increases, so does breastfeeding self-efficacy. The lowest score is 33 and the highest is 165.
Measured: 1st day after birth, 3rd month after birth, 6th month after birth
Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale
The Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale consists of six sub-dimensions: energy, legal, recycling, transport, water use and food. The scale categories are obtained by summing the subscales and scoring them as strongly disagree=1, disagree=2, undecided=3, agree=4 and strongly agree=5. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.960.
Measured: Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth
Behaviors Scale Towards Sustainable Nutrition
The developed scale consists of 29 items and 4 sub-dimensions with a five-point Likert scale. It includes the sub-dimensions of food preference, reducing food waste, eating seasonally and locally, and buying food. The scale is rated as 'never', 'rarely', 'sometimes', 'often' and 'always'. All items are scored from 1 to 5, starting with 'never'. All items in the scale are positive. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 29 and the highest score is 145. Sub-dimension scores are obtained by dividing the sum of the scores given by individuals to the questions in the sub-dimension by the number of questions in the sub-dimension. Higher total and sub-dimension scores indicate that the individual has more sustainable dietary behaviours.
Measured: Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth
Depression Anxiety and Stress scales-21 (DASS-21)
his 21-item scale consists of three dimensions, namely anxiety, depression, and stress. Items are measured on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 3 (Always). A higher sum score indicates more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Measured: Participants immediately after group assignment, 1st day after delivery, 3rd month after delivery, 6th month after delivery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted17 Jan 2025
- Study start31 Jan 2025
- Primary completion6 Aug 2025
- Study completion16 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for BreastfeedingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Saglik Bilimleri UniversitesiThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Leyla Kaya, Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
- Investigators
- Esra Keles, PhD, Study director, Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06780969
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 06.09.2023/118
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 13 Jan 2025
- Last updated
- 23 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Breastfeeding: A Sustainable Choice to Reduce Carbon Footprint
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06780969
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 06.09.2023/118
- Conditions
- Breastfeeding
- Keywords
- Breastfeeding, Carbon footprint, Sustainability, Nutrition, Environmental impact
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Saglik Bilimleri UniversitesiUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 31 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 6 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 16 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 17 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women.
Detailed description
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women.
In the sample size calculation performed using G*Power 3.1.9.7 (Faul et al., 2007) software, the effect size value determined for the relationship between awareness levels regarding sustainable and healthy nutrition behaviors and reducing ecological footprint was determined as Cohen's r=0.470. Statistical power analysis was performed under A Priori: Compute required sample size (Correlation: Bivariate normal model), 95% power (1-β) and α=0.05 and in the light of these parameters, it was concluded that a sample size of at least 53 participants was required for the study in question. In case of data loss, it was envisaged to increase the sample by 20% as a result of statistical consultancy. Accordingly, it was planned to conduct the study with a total of n=64 people, n=32 in the intervention group and n=32 in the control group.
It was carried out with the participation of two groups. The carbon footprint education group received 4 education sessions of 60 minutes each. The control group received routine hospital care during this period, but no other intervention was made.
Data for the study were collected by the researcher using face-to-face interviews, a personal information form with demographic questions, and the measurement tools used in the study. The training was completed 4 weeks later. After the training, the measurement tools were used for the woman's postpartum period.
Participants were given an explanation of the carbon footprint education and told how, for how long, and where the education would take place. The carbon footprint education programme was completed by the participants in a specific way (nutrition, breastfeeding, environmental awareness) for each session. The education was delivered using a poster.
The carbon footprint education was given in 4 sessions in this way. The measurement tools were given to the participants again on the 1st day, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month after birth.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Behavioral: Green Mother TrainingWomen selected for the experimental group will receive 4 sessions of Green Mother Training. The programme, which includes breastfeeding, bonding and carbon footprint training, is delivered 4 times by researchers. The training content has been prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature. The training will be delivered using posters. |
| Control | No intervention | –Women in the control group receive routine care at the same hospital's polyclinics. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Pregnant women 24 weeks gestation
- Must be between 18 and 35 years of age.
- Women must provide informed consent to participate in the study, indicating their willingness to participate in the educational intervention and assessments.
- Attend educational sessions
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Women with significant medical conditions that may affect breastfeeding or nutrition (e.g. serious mental illness, chronic disease) will be excluded.
- Multiple pregnancies
- Previous GREEN MOTHER training
- Substance abuse
- Women considered to be at high risk of non-compliance with the study protocol (e.g. those with unstable living conditions).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Green Mother TrainingPoster education | Behavioural | Experimental |
Primary outcome
Scale Breast-feeding Self-efficacy Scale
Time frame: 1st day after birth, 3rd month after birth, 6th month after birth
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale: This is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis (1999). It consists of two sub-dimensions to determine mothers' breastfeeding skills, beliefs and behaviours regarding breastfeeding. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the scale was conducted by Ekşioğlu and Çeber (2011). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was assessed using a five-point Likert scale: (1) I never trust myself, (2) I do not trust myself very much, (3) I trust myself sometimes, (4) I trust myself often, (5) I always trust myself. As the total score on the scale increases, so does breastfeeding self-efficacy. The lowest score is 33 and the highest is 165.
Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale
Time frame: Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth
The Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale consists of six sub-dimensions: energy, legal, recycling, transport, water use and food. The scale categories are obtained by summing the subscales and scoring them as strongly disagree=1, disagree=2, undecided=3, agree=4 and strongly agree=5. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.960.
Behaviors Scale Towards Sustainable Nutrition
Time frame: Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth
The developed scale consists of 29 items and 4 sub-dimensions with a five-point Likert scale. It includes the sub-dimensions of food preference, reducing food waste, eating seasonally and locally, and buying food. The scale is rated as 'never', 'rarely', 'sometimes', 'often' and 'always'. All items are scored from 1 to 5, starting with 'never'. All items in the scale are positive. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 29 and the highest score is 145. Sub-dimension scores are obtained by dividing the sum of the scores given by individuals to the questions in the sub-dimension by the number of questions in the sub-dimension. Higher total and sub-dimension scores indicate that the individual has more sustainable dietary behaviours.
Depression Anxiety and Stress scales-21 (DASS-21)
Time frame: Participants immediately after group assignment, 1st day after delivery, 3rd month after delivery, 6th month after delivery
his 21-item scale consists of three dimensions, namely anxiety, depression, and stress. Items are measured on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 3 (Always). A higher sum score indicates more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Dec 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Esra Keles, PhD study director
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Green Mother Training in people with Breastfeeding, run by Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Scale Breast-feeding Self-efficacy Scale (time frame: 1st day after birth, 3rd month after birth, 6th month after birth). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Dec 2025.