Parkinson' DiseaseNCT06807385
The Effect of the Reaction Training in Parkinson's Disease
A study testing Reaction Training and Conventional Exercises in people with Parkinson' Disease, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Patients frequently experience decreased amplitude and speed of movements, balance, and gait problems. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Parkinson' Disease
- What is being tested?
- Reaction Training and Conventional Exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 26 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 17 Feb 2025to 6 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being diagnosed with "Parkinson's Disease" by a specialist neurologist according to the diagnostic criteria of the Movement Disorders Association
- Being between stages 1-3 according to the Hoehn and Yahr Staging
- Having additional neurological (migraine etc.), orthopedic (osteoarthritis etc.), cardiovascular (hypertension, benign arrhythmias etc.) diseases
Who cannot join
- Having a Standardized Mini-Mental Test score of >25
- Having a visual or hearing impairment that cannot be corrected with a device
- Having additional neurological (migraine etc.), orthopedic (osteoarthritis etc.), cardiovascular (hypertension, benign arrhythmias etc.) diseases
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Investigation of the Effect of the Reaction Training on Reaction Time, Anticipatory Postural Adjustment, and Balance in Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Patients frequently experience decreased amplitude and speed of movements, balance, and gait problems. Although the basal ganglia have been the target neuroanatomical region for movement disorders in Parkinson's disease for many years, recent neuroscience studies have shown that the cerebellum also plays an important role in the disease and is an important alternative target for treatment applications. While medical applications are becoming current for this purpose, there is a significant deficiency in the literature in terms of physiotherapy applications. Reaction and dual task are activities that have been shown to naturally stimulate the cerebellum. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of combined exercise training, which includes dual skills and reaction activities that have been shown to stimulate the cerebellum in PD, on the reaction time, intuitive postural adjustments, and balance of PD. Our study is an original study that targets the cerebellum in PD with reaction training according to current neuroscience results, aims to contribute to the field of neuroscience and translational medicine, and has no previous example in the literature. This study will include patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease by a specialist physician. The PD patients included in the study will be randomly divided into two groups. The reaction group will be applied a combined reaction training program consisting of 15 exercises, including a light reaction measurement and an exercise system. The conventional group will be applied an exercise program consisting of only 15 exercises without reaction training. The patients included in the study will be subjected to reaction time, amplitude of intuitive postural adjustments, balance, and functional mobility assessments before and after the training. The light reaction measurement and exercise system will be applied for the measurement of reaction time of the volunteers, the static-dynamic balance assessment device for the assessment of intuitive postural adjustments and the static-dynamic balance assessment device for balance assessments, and the Timed Up and Go Test will be applied to assess functional mobility. At the end of the study, we aim to demonstrate the effect of combined exercise training targeting the cerebellum compared to conventional exercise training in Parkinson's patients, to create clinical outcomes for the inclusion of the cerebellum in more physiotherapy programs in Parkinson's disease, and to provide clinical outcomes for physiotherapists for a new exercise protocol, as well as making scientific contributions to the fields of translational medicine and neuroscience.
- Conditions
- Parkinson' Disease
- Being tested
- Reaction Training, Conventional Exercises
- Keywords
- balance, reaction time, postural adjustments
- Medical subject headings
- Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Reaction TrainingOther
- The exercise list consists of 15 different exercises that aim to both shorten reaction time and improve stability with upper and lower extremity movements in different positions. In addition, the program includes both dual motor tasks and difficulties that require the physiotherapist to give the patient constantly changing motor tasks (tasks related to the color of the light to be touched, giving the command to read lights that are lit in different directions) and a second cognitive task.
- Each station will be worked for 3 minutes, with at least 1 minute of rest between stations. Sessions will be planned by selecting the exercises in the exercise list for 60 minutes.
- Appropriate modifications will be made to the station so that the difficulty of the exercise in the relevant station will be moderate (12-15 points) according to the Borg scale.
Conventional ExercisesOther
The exercises used in reaction training will be applied as in conventional training without reaction training system. The difficulty of the exercise will be increased by changing the support surface and ground properties, taking the difficulty perceived by the individual as the criterion, as in reaction training.
The exercise list consists of 15 different exercises that aim to improve stability with upper and lower extremity movements in different positions. In addition, the program includes both dual motor tasks and difficulties that require the physiotherapist to give the patient constantly changing motor tasks and a second cognitive task. Each station will be worked for 3 minutes, with at least 1 minute of rest between stations. Sessions will be planned by selecting the exercises in the exercise list for 60 minutes. Appropriate modifications will be made to the station so that the difficulty of the exercise in the relevant station will be moderate (12-15 points for Borg Scale).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Reaction Training Group | Experimental | In this group, we will use a reaction training and measurement system (Blazepod) for visual stimuli reaction training. Each exercise duration will be three minutes. The experimental group will apply reaction training two times a week for eight weeks. Each session will complet in 60 minutes. Receives: Other: Reaction Training |
| Control Group | Active comparator | The exercises used in reaction training will be applied as in conventional training without visual aids. The difficulty of the exercise will be increased by changing the support surface and ground properties, taking the difficulty perceived by the individual as the criterion, as in reaction training. Receives: Other: Conventional Exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Movement Disorder Socity-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale
It was developed specifically for Parkinson's disease by Fahn and Elton in order to evaluate Parkinson's patients in terms of four clinical features. The scale, which includes a section for each clinical feature, consists of four sections in total. The first section consists of items that evaluate mental and emotional status (4 items); the second section includes items that evaluate daily living activities (13 items); the third section includes items that evaluate the severity of motor disorders (14 items); and the fourth section includes items that evaluate treatment-related complications (11 items). Scoring is done between zero and four in the total of 42 items in the scale, and a higher score indicates a more severe disorder. 0 points = Normal, 1 point = Slight, 2 points = Mild, 3 points = Moderate, 4 points = Severe. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the UPDRS were demonstrated in the study conducted by Akbostancı et al.
Measured: Eight weeks
Secondary outcomes (4)
Reaction Time Measurement
Measurement of reaction time will be done with the light reaction measurement and exercise system (Blazepod®) to be provided within the scope of the project for visual stimulus reaction training. There are two different concepts for reaction time: simple and choice. Simple reaction time is defined as the time between a single stimulus given and a single response. Choice reaction time is defined as the time between multiple stimuli given to the person and the appropriate response to the stimulus.
Measured: Eight weeks
Postural Stability Assessment
Quantitative assessment of balance, allows the assessment of postural oscillations in different conditions such as two legs and one leg stance positions. For this purpose, a force platform (K-Force Platform, K-İnvent®) will be used for postural oscillations in different conditions. It will be done in two-leg stance with eyes open, in two-leg stance with eyes closed, and in one-leg stance. Each test will be performed 3 times.
Measured: Eight weeks
Anticipatory Postural Adjustments Assessment
A force platform (K-Force Plate, K-İnvent) will be used to determine the amount of pressure center shift during the participants' stepping. Participants will be asked to stand on the force platform with their legs hip-width apart, in a posture as upright and stable as possible, and looking ahead at eye level. An audio stimulus will be used as a signal to start the movement. The measurement for the pressure center will be started 30 seconds before the signal to start the movement. Participants will be asked to stand in as upright and stable a position as possible for 30 seconds. At the end of 30 seconds, they will be asked to take the correct step first without waiting and as quickly as possible when they hear the audio stimulus. For the position analysis, the average and standard deviation of the positions in the 30-second standing position will be calculated.
Measured: Eight weeks
Time Up and Go Test
The functional mobility of the patients will be assessed with the Timed Up and Go Test (TWG). In the test, the patient is asked to get up from the chair with the "walk" command, walk 3 m, turn around, and then sit back on the chair. The test is performed on a 3-meter flat surface.
Measured: Eight weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Feb 2025
- Study start17 Feb 2025
- Primary completion5 Nov 2025
- Study completion6 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Parkinson' DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Gazi UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Mustafa Can Salamci, Gazi University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06807385
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2023-925
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 29 Jan 2025
- Last updated
- 25 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Lewis MM, Galley S, Johnson S, Stevenson J, Huang X, McKeown MJ. The role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Can J Neurol Sci. 2013 May;40(3):299-306. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100014232.
PubMed 23603164Gündüz, A. G., Otman, A. S., Köse, N., Bilgin, S., & Elibol, B. (2009). Parkinson hastalığında farklı denge ölçeklerinin karşılaştırılması. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 20(1), 17-24.
Gao L, Zhang J, Hou Y, Hallett M, Chan P, Wu T. The cerebellum in dual-task performance in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 30;7:45662. doi: 10.1038/srep45662.
PubMed 28358358Lupinacci NS, Rikli RE, Jones CJ, Ross D. Age and physical activity effects on reaction time and digit symbol substitution performance in cognitively active adults. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1993 Jun;64(2):144-50. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1993.10608791.
PubMed 8341837Akbostanci MC, Bayram E, Yilmaz V, Rzayev S, Ozkan S, Tokcaer AB, Saka E, Durmaz Celik FN, Barut BO, Tufekcioglu Z, Acarer A, Balaban H, Erer S, Dogu O, Kibaroglu S, Aydin N, Hanagasi H, Elibol B, Emre M, Stebbins GT, Goetz CG. Turkish Standardization of Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2017 Nov 16;5(1):54-59. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12556. eCollection 2018 Jan-Feb.
PubMed 30363359
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigation of the Effect of the Reaction Training on Reaction Time, Anticipatory Postural Adjustment, and Balance in Parkinson's Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06807385
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2023-925
- Conditions
- Parkinson' Disease
- Keywords
- balance, reaction time, postural adjustments
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 17 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 6 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Patients frequently experience decreased amplitude and speed of movements, balance, and gait problems. Although the basal ganglia have been the target neuroanatomical region for movement disorders in Parkinson's disease for many years, recent neuroscience studies have shown that the cerebellum also plays an important role in the disease and is an important alternative target for treatment applications. While medical applications are becoming current for this purpose, there is a significant deficiency in the literature in terms of physiotherapy applications. Reaction and dual task are activities that have been shown to naturally stimulate the cerebellum. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of combined exercise training, which includes dual skills and reaction activities that have been shown to stimulate the cerebellum in PD, on the reaction time, intuitive postural adjustments, and balance of PD. Our study is an original study that targets the cerebellum in PD with reaction training according to current neuroscience results, aims to contribute to the field of neuroscience and translational medicine, and has no previous example in the literature. This study will include patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease by a specialist physician. The PD patients included in the study will be randomly divided into two groups. The reaction group will be applied a combined reaction training program consisting of 15 exercises, including a light reaction measurement and an exercise system. The conventional group will be applied an exercise program consisting of only 15 exercises without reaction training. The patients included in the study will be subjected to reaction time, amplitude of intuitive postural adjustments, balance, and functional mobility assessments before and after the training. The light reaction measurement and exercise system will be applied for the measurement of reaction time of the volunteers, the static-dynamic balance assessment device for the assessment of intuitive postural adjustments and the static-dynamic balance assessment device for balance assessments, and the Timed Up and Go Test will be applied to assess functional mobility. At the end of the study, we aim to demonstrate the effect of combined exercise training targeting the cerebellum compared to conventional exercise training in Parkinson's patients, to create clinical outcomes for the inclusion of the cerebellum in more physiotherapy programs in Parkinson's disease, and to provide clinical outcomes for physiotherapists for a new exercise protocol, as well as making scientific contributions to the fields of translational medicine and neuroscience.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Reaction Training Group | Experimental | Other: Reaction TrainingIn this group, we will use a reaction training and measurement system (Blazepod) for visual stimuli reaction training. Each exercise duration will be three minutes. The experimental group will apply reaction training two times a week for eight weeks. Each session will complet in 60 minutes. |
| Control Group | Active comparator | Other: Conventional ExercisesThe exercises used in reaction training will be applied as in conventional training without visual aids. The difficulty of the exercise will be increased by changing the support surface and ground properties, taking the difficulty perceived by the individual as the criterion, as in reaction training. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Being diagnosed with "Parkinson's Disease" by a specialist neurologist according to the diagnostic criteria of the Movement Disorders Association
- Being between stages 1-3 according to the Hoehn and Yahr Staging
- Having additional neurological (migraine etc.), orthopedic (osteoarthritis etc.), cardiovascular (hypertension, benign arrhythmias etc.) diseases
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having a Standardized Mini-Mental Test score of >25
- Having a visual or hearing impairment that cannot be corrected with a device
- Having additional neurological (migraine etc.), orthopedic (osteoarthritis etc.), cardiovascular (hypertension, benign arrhythmias etc.) diseases
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Reaction Training* The exercise list consists of 15 different exercises that aim to both shorten reaction time and improve stability with upper and lower extremity movements in different positions. In addition, the program includes both dual motor tasks and difficulties that require the physiotherapist to give the patient constantly changing motor tasks (tasks related to the color of the light to be touched, giving the command to read lights that are lit in different directions) and a second cognitive task. * Each station will be worked for 3 minutes, with at least 1 minute of rest between stations. Sessions will be planned by selecting the exercises in the exercise list for 60 minutes. * Appropriate modifications will be made to the station so that the difficulty of the exercise in the relevant station will be moderate (12-15 points) according to the Borg scale. | Other | Reaction Training Group |
| Conventional ExercisesThe exercises used in reaction training will be applied as in conventional training without reaction training system. The difficulty of the exercise will be increased by changing the support surface and ground properties, taking the difficulty perceived by the individual as the criterion, as in reaction training. The exercise list consists of 15 different exercises that aim to improve stability with upper and lower extremity movements in different positions. In addition, the program includes both dual motor tasks and difficulties that require the physiotherapist to give the patient constantly changing motor tasks and a second cognitive task. Each station will be worked for 3 minutes, with at least 1 minute of rest between stations. Sessions will be planned by selecting the exercises in the exercise list for 60 minutes. Appropriate modifications will be made to the station so that the difficulty of the exercise in the relevant station will be moderate (12-15 points for Borg Scale). | Other | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Movement Disorder Socity-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale
Time frame: Eight weeks
It was developed specifically for Parkinson's disease by Fahn and Elton in order to evaluate Parkinson's patients in terms of four clinical features. The scale, which includes a section for each clinical feature, consists of four sections in total. The first section consists of items that evaluate mental and emotional status (4 items); the second section includes items that evaluate daily living activities (13 items); the third section includes items that evaluate the severity of motor disorders (14 items); and the fourth section includes items that evaluate treatment-related complications (11 items). Scoring is done between zero and four in the total of 42 items in the scale, and a higher score indicates a more severe disorder. 0 points = Normal, 1 point = Slight, 2 points = Mild, 3 points = Moderate, 4 points = Severe. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the UPDRS were demonstrated in the study conducted by Akbostancı et al.
4 secondary outcomes
Reaction Time Measurement
Time frame: Eight weeks
Postural Stability Assessment
Time frame: Eight weeks
Anticipatory Postural Adjustments Assessment
Time frame: Eight weeks
Time Up and Go Test
Time frame: Eight weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Aug 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 23603164Lewis MM, Galley S, Johnson S, Stevenson J, Huang X, McKeown MJ. The role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Can J Neurol Sci. 2013 May;40(3):299-306. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100014232.
- Results publicationGündüz, A. G., Otman, A. S., Köse, N., Bilgin, S., & Elibol, B. (2009). Parkinson hastalığında farklı denge ölçeklerinin karşılaştırılması. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 20(1), 17-24.
- Results publication: PubMed 28358358Gao L, Zhang J, Hou Y, Hallett M, Chan P, Wu T. The cerebellum in dual-task performance in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 30;7:45662. doi: 10.1038/srep45662.
- Results publication: PubMed 8341837Lupinacci NS, Rikli RE, Jones CJ, Ross D. Age and physical activity effects on reaction time and digit symbol substitution performance in cognitively active adults. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1993 Jun;64(2):144-50. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1993.10608791.
- Results publication: PubMed 30363359Akbostanci MC, Bayram E, Yilmaz V, Rzayev S, Ozkan S, Tokcaer AB, Saka E, Durmaz Celik FN, Barut BO, Tufekcioglu Z, Acarer A, Balaban H, Erer S, Dogu O, Kibaroglu S, Aydin N, Hanagasi H, Elibol B, Emre M, Stebbins GT, Goetz CG. Turkish Standardization of Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2017 Nov 16;5(1):54-59. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12556. eCollection 2018 Jan-Feb.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Reaction Training and Conventional Exercises in people with Parkinson' Disease, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Movement Disorder Socity-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (time frame: Eight weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06807385, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Aug 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.