Hip SurgeryICPENGNCT06834243
Comparison of Intermittent Bolus vs. Continuous Infusion PENG Block for Postoperative Pain in Hip Surgery
An observational study of Hip Surgery and Postoperative Pain Management, run by Onur Baran at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This retrospective study evaluates the effects of two different administration methods of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block on postoperative pain control, opioid consumption, and recovery in patients undergoing hip surgery. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hip Surgery, Postoperative Pain Management, Pericapsular Nerve Group Block (PENG Block)
- What is being tested?
- Intermittent Bolus PENG Block and Continuous Infusion PENG Block
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Surgery or procedure
- How many people
- 82 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Nov 2023to 15 Nov 2024
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: This study includes adult patients (ages 18-65) who underwent hip surgery at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Hospital between November 15, 2023, and November 15, 2024. All patients received Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter for postoperative pain management, along with multimodal analgesia including tramadol PCA, IV paracetamol, and rescue NSAIDs. The study compares two PENG block administration techniques: intermittent bolus versus continuous infusion.
Who may be able to join
- Participants must meet all of the following criteria to be included in the study:
- Patients who underwent hip surgery between November 15, 2023 - November 15, 2024.
- Patients who received Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter for postoperative analgesia.
- Patients who received Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) with tramadol.
- Patients aged 18 to 65 years.
- ASA I - III classification.
Show all 14Show fewer
- BMI ≤ 35 kg/m². Exclusion Criteria
- Participants who meet any of the following criteria will be excluded from the study:
- Patients who received analgesia with techniques other than PENG block.
- Patients with incomplete or missing medical records.
- Patients with a psychiatric illness diagnosis that may interfere with pain perception or reporting.
- Patients with coagulation disorders (e.g., INR >1.5, thrombocytopenia).
- Patients with hepatic or renal failure (Creatinine clearance <30 mL/min or AST/ALT >3x normal).
- Patients with chronic opioid use before surgery.
Who cannot join
None listed.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Research Hospital
Tekirdağ, 59000
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Intermittent Bolus and Continuous Infusion Pericapsular Nerve Group Block on Recovery Quality and Analgesic Consumption: A Retrospective Study
This retrospective study evaluates the effects of two different administration methods of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block on postoperative pain control, opioid consumption, and recovery in patients undergoing hip surgery.
All patients in the study received:
Read more
- PENG block via a catheter
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) with tramadol
- Multimodal analgesia, including IV paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as rescue analgesia
The study compares two groups:
- Intermittent Bolus Group: A researcher administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours.
- Continuous Infusion Group: A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously.
Both groups received the same total volume of local anesthetic over 24 hours. All PENG blocks were performed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery. This study aims to determine whether intermittent bolus or continuous infusion PENG block administration leads to better pain control, lower opioid consumption, and improved recovery outcomes.
Read the detailed description
Postoperative pain management after hip surgery remains a critical factor in recovery quality, opioid consumption, and overall patient outcomes. Among regional anesthesia techniques, the PENG Block is increasingly utilized for pain control due to its ability to provide effective analgesia while minimizing systemic opioid use. However, the optimal administration method of PENG block remains unclear.
This retrospective cohort study evaluates the effectiveness of two different PENG block administration techniques in patients undergoing hip surgery:
- Intermittent Bolus Group: A researcher manually administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery.
- Continuous Infusion Group: A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery.
Total local anesthetic volume over 24 hours was equal in both groups.
Study Objectives:
The primary objective is to compare intermittent bolus vs. continuous infusion PENG block administration in terms of:
- Postoperative pain control (Visual Analog Scale) (VAS scores)
- Total opioid consumption (morphine equivalent)
- Time to first rescue analgesia
- Quality of recovery (QoR-15 at 24 hours postoperative)
Secondary outcomes include:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
- Incidence of complications (hematoma, infection, nerve injury)
This study aims to provide evidence on whether intermittent bolus or continuous infusion leads to better pain relief, reduced opioid consumption, and improved recovery in hip surgery patients.
- Conditions
- Hip Surgery, Postoperative Pain Management, Pericapsular Nerve Group Block (PENG Block), Regional Anesthesia
- Being tested
- Intermittent Bolus PENG Block, Continuous Infusion PENG Block
- Keywords
- Hip surgery, postoperative pain, pericapsular nerve group block, analgesia
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Postoperative, Agnosia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Intermittent Bolus PENG BlockProcedure or surgery
Patients received intermittent bolus administration of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter. A researcher manually administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours over a 24-hour period.
Continuous Infusion PENG BlockProcedure or surgery
Patients received continuous infusion of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter. A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously over a 24-hour period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intermittent Bolus Group | Patients in this group received intermittent bolus administration of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery. A researcher manually administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours over a 24-hour period.
* Total bupivacaine volume: 120 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine over 24 hours
* Additional analgesia: All patients received PCA with tramadol, IV paracetamol, and rescue NSAIDs as per protocol. Receives: Procedure: Intermittent Bolus PENG Block | |
| Continuous Infusion Group | Patients in this group received continuous infusion of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery. A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously over a 24-hour period.
* Total bupivacaine volume: 120 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine over 24 hours
* Additional analgesia: All patients received PCA with tramadol, IV paracetamol, and rescue NSAIDs as per protocol. Receives: Procedure: Continuous Infusion PENG Block |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Postoperative Pain Scores (VAS)
Postoperative pain levels will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS, 0-10) where:
- 0 = No pain
- 10 = Worst possible pain
- Higher scores indicate worse pain levels.
Measured: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively, assessed at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours.
Secondary outcomes (5)
Total Postoperative Opioid Consumption
Total opioid consumption (including PCA tramadol) will be recorded and converted into morphine milligram equivalents (MME) for comparison between groups.
Measured: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively, assessed at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours.
Quality of Recovery (QoR-15 Score)
The Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) questionnaire will be used to assess the patient's postoperative recovery quality, including physical and emotional well-being. The QoR-15 is a validated tool that measures postoperative recovery across five domains: physical comfort, emotional state, psychological support, physical independence, and pain.
Scale Range: 0 to 150 Interpretation: Higher scores indicate better recovery quality. Time Frame: Assessed at 24 hours postoperatively.
Measured: Assessed at 24 hours postoperatively.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Incidence
Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) will be recorded based on medical chart reviews and antiemetic administration (ondansetron IV use).
Measured: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively.
Time to First Rescue Analgesia
The time from surgery completion to the first NSAID rescue analgesia administration (ketorolac or dexketoprofen) will be recorded.
Measured: From the end of surgery until the first administration of rescue analgesia, assessed up to 24 hours postoperatively.
Incidence of Complications
Any adverse events (hematoma, infection, nerve injury, hemodynamic instability, etc.) will be documented from patient records.
Measured: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Feb 2025
- Study start15 Nov 2023
- Primary completion15 Nov 2024
- Study completion15 Nov 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hip SurgeryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 82 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Onur Baran
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, Tekirdag
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Onur Baran, Namik Kemal University
- Investigators
- Cavidan Arar, Prof. Dr., Study chair, Medical Faculty of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06834243
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TNKU-PENG-Retro
- Acronym
- ICPENG
- Status last verified
- Feb 2025
- First submitted
- 12 Feb 2025
- Last updated
- 14 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to ethical considerations and institutional privacy regulations. Only de-identified, aggregated results will be published in scientific journals and conferences."
Publications
Huda AU, Ghafoor H. The Use of Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block in Hip Surgeries Is Associated With a Reduction in Opioid Consumption, Less Motor Block, and Better Patient Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis. Cureus. 2022 Sep 6;14(9):e28872. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28872. eCollection 2022 Sep.
PubMed 36105907Kukreja P, Uppal V, Kofskey AM, Feinstein J, Northern T, Davis C, Morgan CJ, Kalagara H. Quality of recovery after pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block for primary total hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia: a randomised controlled observer-blinded trial. Br J Anaesth. 2023 Jun;130(6):773-779. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.02.017. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
PubMed 36964012
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Intermittent Bolus and Continuous Infusion Pericapsular Nerve Group Block on Recovery Quality and Analgesic Consumption: A Retrospective Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06834243
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ICPENG / TNKU-PENG-Retro
- Conditions
- Hip Surgery, Postoperative Pain Management, Pericapsular Nerve Group Block (PENG Block), Regional Anesthesia
- Keywords
- Hip surgery, postoperative pain, pericapsular nerve group block, analgesia
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 82 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Onur BaranUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, Tekirdag
- Study start
- 15 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Nov 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This retrospective study evaluates the effects of two different administration methods of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block on postoperative pain control, opioid consumption, and recovery in patients undergoing hip surgery.
All patients in the study received:
- PENG block via a catheter
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) with tramadol
- Multimodal analgesia, including IV paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as rescue analgesia
The study compares two groups:
- Intermittent Bolus Group: A researcher administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours.
- Continuous Infusion Group: A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously.
Both groups received the same total volume of local anesthetic over 24 hours. All PENG blocks were performed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery. This study aims to determine whether intermittent bolus or continuous infusion PENG block administration leads to better pain control, lower opioid consumption, and improved recovery outcomes.
Detailed description
Postoperative pain management after hip surgery remains a critical factor in recovery quality, opioid consumption, and overall patient outcomes. Among regional anesthesia techniques, the PENG Block is increasingly utilized for pain control due to its ability to provide effective analgesia while minimizing systemic opioid use. However, the optimal administration method of PENG block remains unclear.
This retrospective cohort study evaluates the effectiveness of two different PENG block administration techniques in patients undergoing hip surgery:
- Intermittent Bolus Group: A researcher manually administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery.
- Continuous Infusion Group: A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery.
Total local anesthetic volume over 24 hours was equal in both groups.
Study Objectives:
The primary objective is to compare intermittent bolus vs. continuous infusion PENG block administration in terms of:
- Postoperative pain control (Visual Analog Scale) (VAS scores)
- Total opioid consumption (morphine equivalent)
- Time to first rescue analgesia
- Quality of recovery (QoR-15 at 24 hours postoperative)
Secondary outcomes include:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
- Incidence of complications (hematoma, infection, nerve injury)
This study aims to provide evidence on whether intermittent bolus or continuous infusion leads to better pain relief, reduced opioid consumption, and improved recovery in hip surgery patients.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intermittent Bolus Group | – | Procedure: Intermittent Bolus PENG BlockPatients in this group received intermittent bolus administration of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery. A researcher manually administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours over a 24-hour period. * Total bupivacaine volume: 120 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine over 24 hours * Additional analgesia: All patients received PCA with tramadol, IV paracetamol, and rescue NSAIDs as per protocol. |
| Continuous Infusion Group | – | Procedure: Continuous Infusion PENG BlockPatients in this group received continuous infusion of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter placed under ultrasound guidance at the end of surgery. A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously over a 24-hour period. * Total bupivacaine volume: 120 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine over 24 hours * Additional analgesia: All patients received PCA with tramadol, IV paracetamol, and rescue NSAIDs as per protocol. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- This study includes adult patients (ages 18-65) who underwent hip surgery at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Hospital between November 15, 2023, and November 15, 2024. All patients received Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter for postoperative pain management, along with multimodal analgesia including tramadol PCA, IV paracetamol, and rescue NSAIDs. The study compares two PENG block administration techniques: intermittent bolus versus continuous infusion.
Key inclusion criteria (14 listed)
- Patients who underwent hip surgery between November 15, 2023 - November 15, 2024.
- Patients who received Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter for postoperative analgesia.
- Patients who received Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) with tramadol.
- Patients aged 18 to 65 years.
- ASA I - III classification.
Key exclusion criteria (0 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Intermittent Bolus PENG BlockPatients received intermittent bolus administration of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter. A researcher manually administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine every 4 hours over a 24-hour period. | Procedure or surgery | Intermittent Bolus Group |
| Continuous Infusion PENG BlockPatients received continuous infusion of the Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block via a catheter. A pump delivered 5 mL/hour of 0.25% bupivacaine continuously over a 24-hour period. | Procedure or surgery | Continuous Infusion Group |
Primary outcome
Postoperative Pain Scores (VAS)
Time frame: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively, assessed at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours.
Postoperative pain levels will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS, 0-10) where: * 0 = No pain * 10 = Worst possible pain * Higher scores indicate worse pain levels.
5 secondary outcomes
Total Postoperative Opioid Consumption
Time frame: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively, assessed at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours.
Quality of Recovery (QoR-15 Score)
Time frame: Assessed at 24 hours postoperatively.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Incidence
Time frame: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively.
Time to First Rescue Analgesia
Time frame: From the end of surgery until the first administration of rescue analgesia, assessed up to 24 hours postoperatively.
Incidence of Complications
Time frame: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 May 2026.
- Background: PubMed 36105907Huda AU, Ghafoor H. The Use of Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block in Hip Surgeries Is Associated With a Reduction in Opioid Consumption, Less Motor Block, and Better Patient Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis. Cureus. 2022 Sep 6;14(9):e28872. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28872. eCollection 2022 Sep.
- Background: PubMed 36964012Kukreja P, Uppal V, Kofskey AM, Feinstein J, Northern T, Davis C, Morgan CJ, Kalagara H. Quality of recovery after pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block for primary total hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia: a randomised controlled observer-blinded trial. Br J Anaesth. 2023 Jun;130(6):773-779. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.02.017. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to ethical considerations and institutional privacy regulations. Only de-identified, aggregated results will be published in scientific journals and conferences."
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Cavidan Arar, Prof. Dr. study chair
Medical Faculty of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Hip Surgery and Postoperative Pain Management, run by Onur Baran at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 14 inclusion and 0 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Postoperative Pain Scores (VAS) (time frame: From 0 hours (postoperatively) to 24 hours postoperatively, assessed at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06834243, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 May 2026.