Chemotherapy EffectNCT06844695
Effects of Virtual Museum Visit on Pain, Fatigue, and Anxiety in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
A study testing Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit) in people with Chemotherapy Effect and Pain Cancer, run by Cumhuriyet University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Symptom management is the most important aspect of clinical cancer care. Virtual reality-based interventions can be used to improve cancer patients' experiences with medical treatment, with their distraction-based effects. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Chemotherapy Effect, Pain Cancer, Fatigue
- What is being tested?
- Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit)
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 64 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 12 Dec 2023to 30 May 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- The inclusion criteria of the sample were having received at least one course of chemotherapy and continuing chemotherapy
- Having not visited a virtual museum with VR glasses before,
- Having no difficulty in communicating,
- Having no mental problems, being 18 years of age or older,
- Agreeing to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- The exclusion criteria of the sample were having not received chemotherapy or having completed treatment.
- Having Stage IV cancer
- Having difficulty seeing and communicating.
- Being under the age of 18
- The desire to withdraw from the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effects of Virtual Museum Visit With Virtual Reality Glasses on Pain, Fatigue, and Anxiety in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Symptom management is the most important aspect of clinical cancer care. Virtual reality-based interventions can be used to improve cancer patients' experiences with medical treatment, with their distraction-based effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of virtual museum visits with virtual reality glasses on pain, fatigue, and anxiety in patients receiving chemotherapy. The study included a museum visit with virtual reality glasses during the procedure in addition to routine treatments for patients in the intervention group. Patients in the control group were given only their routine treatments. Data will be collected using the Personal Information Form (PIF), Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Beck Anxiety Scale (BAÖ). In the first interview, the patient was also presented with virtual museum options and the museums he/she wanted to visit were listed. In addition, the patients in the Intervention Group were shown virtual museums with 53 different themes on the website prepared by the General Directorate of Information Technologies of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, which is located on the website ''https://sanalmuze.gov.tr'' belonging to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the museums they wanted to visit in each session according to their preferences were listed. In the meantime, the Intervention Group was explained how to use the virtual glasses and they will be tested. One week after the first test, the patients in the Intervention Group will visit a virtual museum on the theme preferred by the patients using virtual glasses for an average of 20 minutes for a total of five consecutive weeks. In the fifth virtual tour session, which is the third and last application session, measurements (Visual Analog Scale, Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale and Beck Anxiety Scale) will be administered. The control group will not receive any intervention other than routine treatment.The museum visit applied to the Intervention Group will also be applied to the control group after the study is completed, taking into account the ethical dimension.
- Conditions
- Chemotherapy Effect, Pain Cancer, Fatigue, Anxiety
- Being tested
- Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit)
- Medical subject headings
- Cancer Pain, Fatigue, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit)Other
Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that creates simulated settings in which users can interact and experience as if they were physically there.Virtual Reality typically involves the use of a headset or glasses that display the virtual environment, as well as other input devices such as controllers or gloves that allow users to interact with the virtual world
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Art Therapy Intervention Group | Experimental | The Intervention Group is informed about how to use the virtual glasses and is tested. One week after the first test, the patients in the Intervention Group visit a virtual museum on the theme of the patients' choice for an average of 20 minutes using virtual glasses for a total of five consecutive weeks. In the fifth virtual tour session, which is the third and final application session, measurements (Visual Analog Scale, Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale and Beck Anxiety Scale) are made in both groups. Receives: Other: Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit) |
| No Intervention: Control Group | No intervention | No virtual museum visit was applied to the control group. Scales were applied to individuals. For the control group, evaluations were made with scales three times in total. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale
The scale, originally named "Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale", was developed by Kazue Hirai et al. in 2015 and consisted of 15 items . The scale is used to measure fatigue in cancer patients and has a 5-point Likert design. Each item on the scale is evaluated as 1 "not at all", 2 "very little", 3 "a little", 4 "a lot", and 5 "very much". It has 3 sub-dimensions (Physical-Mental, Activity-Related Sensitivity, and Cognitive Sensitivity). Items 1-6 on the scale constitute the Physical-Mental Sub-Dimension, items 7-12 constitute the Activity-Related Sensitivity Sub-Dimension, and items 12-15 constitute the Cognitive Sensitivity Sub-Dimension. The scale has no cut-off point. The minimum value of the scale is 15 and the maximum value is 75, with high scores indicating increased fatigue, while low scores indicating less fatigue. The validity and reliability study in our country was conducted by Mencel.
Measured: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of fatigue scale will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual muse
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
VAS, which evaluates the intensity of pain, is widely used in adults. The scale was developed by Price et al. as a scale consisting of a single 10 mm line that evaluates the intensity of pain. The two end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of the line and the patient is asked to indicate where his/her condition is appropriate on this line by drawing a line, putting a dot, or pointing. For example, for pain, no pain is written at one end and very severe pain is written at the other end and the patient marks his/her current condition on this line. The length of the distance from the point where there is no pain to the point marked by the patient indicates the patient's pain. It has been shown that the line on which the test is applied is not affected by whether it is horizontal or vertical or by its length. The average of the values obtained for the patients is taken.
Measured: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of VAS will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual museum visit.
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
The inventory was developed by Beck et al. to determine the level and frequency of anxiety symptoms experienced by individuals. The scale has a Likert design with self-assessment consisting of 21 items and is scored between 0-3. The high total score indicates the high level of anxiety experienced by the individual. The score range varies between 0-63. The scale is evaluated as 0-7 points, no anxiety symptoms, 8-15 points, mild anxiety, 16-25 points, moderate anxiety, 26-63 points, and severe anxiety symptoms. The validity and reliability study in our country was conducted by Ulusoy et al.
Measured: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of BAI will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual museum visit.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Feb 2025
- Study start12 Dec 2023
- Primary completion12 Mar 2025
- Study completion30 May 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Chemotherapy EffectStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Cumhuriyet University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Mukadder Mollaoğlu, Cumhuriyet University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06844695
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SCUniv
- Status last verified
- Feb 2025
- First submitted
- 14 Feb 2025
- Last updated
- 21 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes
Publications
Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893. No abstract available.
PubMed 3204199Hirai K, Kanda K, Takagai J, Hosokawa M. Development of the Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale: Testing its reliability and validity. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2015 Aug;19(4):427-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2014.12.004. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
PubMed 25656217Price DD, McGrath PA, Rafii A, Buckingham B. The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain. Pain. 1983 Sep;17(1):45-56. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(83)90126-4.
PubMed 6226917
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects of Virtual Museum Visit With Virtual Reality Glasses on Pain, Fatigue, and Anxiety in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06844695
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SCUniv
- Conditions
- Chemotherapy Effect, Pain Cancer, Fatigue, Anxiety
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Cumhuriyet UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 12 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 12 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 May 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 25 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Symptom management is the most important aspect of clinical cancer care. Virtual reality-based interventions can be used to improve cancer patients' experiences with medical treatment, with their distraction-based effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of virtual museum visits with virtual reality glasses on pain, fatigue, and anxiety in patients receiving chemotherapy. The study included a museum visit with virtual reality glasses during the procedure in addition to routine treatments for patients in the intervention group. Patients in the control group were given only their routine treatments. Data will be collected using the Personal Information Form (PIF), Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Beck Anxiety Scale (BAÖ). In the first interview, the patient was also presented with virtual museum options and the museums he/she wanted to visit were listed. In addition, the patients in the Intervention Group were shown virtual museums with 53 different themes on the website prepared by the General Directorate of Information Technologies of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, which is located on the website ''https://sanalmuze.gov.tr'' belonging to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the museums they wanted to visit in each session according to their preferences were listed. In the meantime, the Intervention Group was explained how to use the virtual glasses and they will be tested. One week after the first test, the patients in the Intervention Group will visit a virtual museum on the theme preferred by the patients using virtual glasses for an average of 20 minutes for a total of five consecutive weeks. In the fifth virtual tour session, which is the third and last application session, measurements (Visual Analog Scale, Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale and Beck Anxiety Scale) will be administered. The control group will not receive any intervention other than routine treatment.The museum visit applied to the Intervention Group will also be applied to the control group after the study is completed, taking into account the ethical dimension.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Art Therapy Intervention Group | Experimental | Other: Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit)The Intervention Group is informed about how to use the virtual glasses and is tested. One week after the first test, the patients in the Intervention Group visit a virtual museum on the theme of the patients' choice for an average of 20 minutes using virtual glasses for a total of five consecutive weeks. In the fifth virtual tour session, which is the third and final application session, measurements (Visual Analog Scale, Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale and Beck Anxiety Scale) are made in both groups. |
| No Intervention: Control Group | No intervention | –No virtual museum visit was applied to the control group. Scales were applied to individuals. For the control group, evaluations were made with scales three times in total. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- The inclusion criteria of the sample were having received at least one course of chemotherapy and continuing chemotherapy
- Having not visited a virtual museum with VR glasses before,
- Having no difficulty in communicating,
- Having no mental problems, being 18 years of age or older,
- Agreeing to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- The exclusion criteria of the sample were having not received chemotherapy or having completed treatment.
- Having Stage IV cancer
- Having difficulty seeing and communicating.
- Being under the age of 18
- The desire to withdraw from the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit)Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that creates simulated settings in which users can interact and experience as if they were physically there.Virtual Reality typically involves the use of a headset or glasses that display the virtual environment, as well as other input devices such as controllers or gloves that allow users to interact with the virtual world | Other | Experimental: Art Therapy Intervention Group |
Primary outcome
Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale
Time frame: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of fatigue scale will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual muse
The scale, originally named "Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale", was developed by Kazue Hirai et al. in 2015 and consisted of 15 items . The scale is used to measure fatigue in cancer patients and has a 5-point Likert design. Each item on the scale is evaluated as 1 "not at all", 2 "very little", 3 "a little", 4 "a lot", and 5 "very much". It has 3 sub-dimensions (Physical-Mental, Activity-Related Sensitivity, and Cognitive Sensitivity). Items 1-6 on the scale constitute the Physical-Mental Sub-Dimension, items 7-12 constitute the Activity-Related Sensitivity Sub-Dimension, and items 12-15 constitute the Cognitive Sensitivity Sub-Dimension. The scale has no cut-off point. The minimum value of the scale is 15 and the maximum value is 75, with high scores indicating increased fatigue, while low scores indicating less fatigue. The validity and reliability study in our country was conducted by Mencel.
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Time frame: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of VAS will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual museum visit.
VAS, which evaluates the intensity of pain, is widely used in adults. The scale was developed by Price et al. as a scale consisting of a single 10 mm line that evaluates the intensity of pain. The two end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of the line and the patient is asked to indicate where his/her condition is appropriate on this line by drawing a line, putting a dot, or pointing. For example, for pain, no pain is written at one end and very severe pain is written at the other end and the patient marks his/her current condition on this line. The length of the distance from the point where there is no pain to the point marked by the patient indicates the patient's pain. It has been shown that the line on which the test is applied is not affected by whether it is horizontal or vertical or by its length. The average of the values obtained for the patients is taken.
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
Time frame: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of BAI will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual museum visit.
The inventory was developed by Beck et al. to determine the level and frequency of anxiety symptoms experienced by individuals. The scale has a Likert design with self-assessment consisting of 21 items and is scored between 0-3. The high total score indicates the high level of anxiety experienced by the individual. The score range varies between 0-63. The scale is evaluated as 0-7 points, no anxiety symptoms, 8-15 points, mild anxiety, 16-25 points, moderate anxiety, 26-63 points, and severe anxiety symptoms. The validity and reliability study in our country was conducted by Ulusoy et al.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Jan 2026.
- Background: PubMed 3204199Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 25656217Hirai K, Kanda K, Takagai J, Hosokawa M. Development of the Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale: Testing its reliability and validity. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2015 Aug;19(4):427-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2014.12.004. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
- Background: PubMed 6226917Price DD, McGrath PA, Rafii A, Buckingham B. The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain. Pain. 1983 Sep;17(1):45-56. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(83)90126-4.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes
Related trials for Chemotherapy Effect
RecruitingPhase 2
Phenotype-based Model for Managing Chronic Post-treatment Pain Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors: a Pilot Study
Chronic Postsurgical Pain, Chronic Post Cancer Surgery Pain
RecruitingPhase 2
A Study to Evaluate LY3537021 for the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting Caused by Chemotherapy in Adults With Cancer
Nausea, Vomiting
Recruiting
Effect of Pecha Kucha-Based Education on Symptom Management and Quality of Life in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Cancer, Neoplams
Not yet recruiting
The Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Training With and Without Neurodynamic Exercises on Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Symptoms and Associated Neuro-immune Mechanisms
Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)
Not yet recruitingPhase 3
Clinical Study of DA-007 for the Treatment of Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia
Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia, Chemotherapy Side Effects
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Art Therapy (Virtual Museum Visit) in people with Chemotherapy Effect and Pain Cancer, run by Cumhuriyet University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Hirai Cancer Fatigue Scale (time frame: It will take 5 weeks to collect data three times after randomization is done. The first measurement of fatigue scale will be done in the first week, the second measurement in the third week and the third measurement in the fifth week of virtual muse). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06844695, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Jan 2026.