COPDCOPDNCT06857422
Dyspnea and Psychosocial Effects of Hand Fan Application in COPD Patients
A study testing Hand Fan Application in people with COPD and Dyspnea, run by Ardahan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of hand fan application on dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression in COPD patients. A total of 56 voluntary COPD patients (28 experimental, 28 control) will be recruited from Ardahan State Hospital Chest Diseases Clinic. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- COPD, Dyspnea, Illness Perception
- What is being tested?
- Hand Fan Application
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 59 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 28 Feb 2025to 14 Sep 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Orientation and cooperation
- No communication problems
Who cannot join
- Having a COPD exacerbation in the last 4 weeks
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Hand Fan Applied to COPD Patients on Dyspnea, Illness Perception, Anxiety and Depression: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Experimental Study
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of hand fan application on dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression in COPD patients. A total of 56 voluntary COPD patients (28 experimental, 28 control) will be recruited from Ardahan State Hospital Chest Diseases Clinic.
Patients will be randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group will receive a hand fan and use it for 10 minutes daily for six weeks, while the control group will receive standard care. Dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression will be assessed using the Visual Dyspnea Scale, Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline and after six weeks.
Data will be analyzed using statistical software. This study is expected to contribute to the literature by evaluating a non-pharmacological intervention for COPD-related dyspnea and psychological outcomes.
- Conditions
- COPD, Dyspnea, Illness Perception, Anxiety, Depression
- Being tested
- Hand Fan Application, Standard Care for COPD Patients
- Medical subject headings
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Dyspnea, Anxiety Disorders, Depression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Hand Fan ApplicationBehavioural
Participants in the experimental group will be instructed to use a hand fan to cool their face for 10 minutes each day for a period of 6 weeks. The fan should be held approximately 15 cm from the face, focusing on the middle area. This intervention aims to alleviate symptoms of dyspnea and improve psychological well-being, including anxiety, depression, and illness perception. The participants will receive daily reminders to ensure consistent application of the intervention.
Standard Care for COPD PatientsOther
Participants in the control group will receive standard care for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This includes routine management and treatment as prescribed by their healthcare providers, such as medication and lifestyle recommendations. They will not be instructed to use a hand fan or any other cooling device during the study period. The control group will continue their regular care without any additional interventions from the research team.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | hand fan application Receives: Behavioral: Hand Fan Application |
| Control group | Active comparator | standard care Receives: Other: Standard Care for COPD Patients |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Dyspnea Severity
The primary outcome measure of this study will be the severity of dyspnea, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). This scale is a subjective tool used to measure the intensity of shortness of breath experienced by participants.
Measured: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).
Secondary outcomes (2)
Illness Perception
Measured using the Illness Perception Questionnaire
Measured: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).
Anxiety and Depression
Measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Measured: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Mar 2025
- Study start28 Feb 2025
- Primary completion3 Sep 2025
- Study completion14 Sep 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for COPDStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 59 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ardahan University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06857422
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- ArdahanU-Simsekli-DS-04
- Acronym
- COPD
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 27 Feb 2025
- Last updated
- 18 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Simsekli D, Ozturk K. The effect of handheld fans on dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2026 Jul;179:105546. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2026.105546. Epub 2026 Apr 22.
PubMed 42026432
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Hand Fan Applied to COPD Patients on Dyspnea, Illness Perception, Anxiety and Depression: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Experimental Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06857422
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- COPD / ArdahanU-Simsekli-DS-04
- Conditions
- COPD, Dyspnea, Illness Perception, Anxiety, Depression
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 59 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ardahan UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 14 Sep 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of hand fan application on dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression in COPD patients. A total of 56 voluntary COPD patients (28 experimental, 28 control) will be recruited from Ardahan State Hospital Chest Diseases Clinic.
Patients will be randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group will receive a hand fan and use it for 10 minutes daily for six weeks, while the control group will receive standard care. Dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression will be assessed using the Visual Dyspnea Scale, Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline and after six weeks.
Data will be analyzed using statistical software. This study is expected to contribute to the literature by evaluating a non-pharmacological intervention for COPD-related dyspnea and psychological outcomes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Behavioral: Hand Fan Applicationhand fan application |
| Control group | Active comparator | Other: Standard Care for COPD Patientsstandard care |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Orientation and cooperation
- No communication problems
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Having a COPD exacerbation in the last 4 weeks
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Hand Fan ApplicationParticipants in the experimental group will be instructed to use a hand fan to cool their face for 10 minutes each day for a period of 6 weeks. The fan should be held approximately 15 cm from the face, focusing on the middle area. This intervention aims to alleviate symptoms of dyspnea and improve psychological well-being, including anxiety, depression, and illness perception. The participants will receive daily reminders to ensure consistent application of the intervention. | Behavioural | Experimental group |
| Standard Care for COPD PatientsParticipants in the control group will receive standard care for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This includes routine management and treatment as prescribed by their healthcare providers, such as medication and lifestyle recommendations. They will not be instructed to use a hand fan or any other cooling device during the study period. The control group will continue their regular care without any additional interventions from the research team. | Other | Control group |
Primary outcome
Dyspnea Severity
Time frame: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).
The primary outcome measure of this study will be the severity of dyspnea, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). This scale is a subjective tool used to measure the intensity of shortness of breath experienced by participants.
2 secondary outcomes
Illness Perception
Time frame: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).
Anxiety and Depression
Time frame: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Sep 2025.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42026432Simsekli D, Ozturk K. The effect of handheld fans on dyspnea, illness perception, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2026 Jul;179:105546. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2026.105546. Epub 2026 Apr 22.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Hand Fan Application in people with COPD and Dyspnea, run by Ardahan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Dyspnea Severity (time frame: Pre-intervention: Before the start of the intervention (baseline measurement).Post-intervention: After 6 weeks of intervention (final measurement).). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06857422, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Sep 2025.