PerformancePAPEsoccerNCT06875505
Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Soccer Players:
A study testing Dynamic PAPE and Isometric PAPE in people with Performance and Post Activation Potentiation, run by Karabuk University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study will be conducted in a randomised, crossover design. Soccer players will participate in two test sessions 48 hours apart. The athletes will be pre-tested in the professional direction change test and after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied, they will be taken to the professional… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 24 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Performance, Post Activation Potentiation, Soccer
- What is being tested?
- Dynamic PAPE and Isometric PAPE
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 25 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Feb 2025to 25 Apr 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 24 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Being healthy
- Male soccer players
- Willing to maintain the intervention for all sessions
Who cannot join
- Under 18 years of age
- Having a chronic disease
- Contraindications for exercise
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Soccer Players: The Effect of Different Contraction and Rest Periods on Changing Direction Ability
This study will be conducted in a randomised, crossover design. Soccer players will participate in two test sessions 48 hours apart. The athletes will be pre-tested in the professional direction change test and after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied, they will be taken to the professional direction change test at 15th second, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th minutes.
Read the detailed description
This study will be conducted in a randomised, crossover design. Subjects will participate in two test sessions 48 hours apart. To eliminate the effect of fatigue, participants will be warned not to engage in intense physical activity before the study days and to pay attention to adequate carbohydrate intake so that repeated sprint performance will not be affected. On the 1st day of the study, after the participants were informed about the study, their heights will be recorded with a height meter, and their weights and body fat percentages will be taken with the Inbody 270 device. After the descriptive characteristics of all participants are obtained, the warm-up protocol will be applied and 1 RM will be determined and recorded by performing knee extension movement on the Knee Extension device. On the second day of the study, all athletes will be pre-tested in the professional change of direction test and will be taken to the professional change of direction test at 15 seconds, 3 minutes, 6 minutes, 9 minutes and 12 minutes after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied. On the third day of the study, the pre-tests of all athletes in the professional direction change test will be taken again and they will be taken to the professional direction change test at 15 seconds, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th minutes after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied. Participants will be asked to stop eating 1.5 hours before the measurement time. Athletes will be allowed to drink water (500ml) during the test and will be verbally motivated during the professional change of direction test.
- Conditions
- Performance, Post Activation Potentiation, Soccer
- Being tested
- Dynamic PAPE, Isometric PAPE
- Keywords
- Soccer, Post activation Performance Enhancement, Dynamic Contraction, Isometric contraction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Dynamic PAPEOther
In this protocol, the load determined for footballers during knee extension will be applied as 90% of their one repetition maximum (1TM). After a standard warm-up session at the beginning, the protocol will be performed by performing 1 set of 3 repetitions with the previously determined 1TM 90% load without resting between repetitions. Isometric knee extension exercise will be used in the protocol. The movement will be performed sitting, in a position suitable for limb lengths and in a controlled manner using a leg extension machine. At the beginning of the movement, the knees will be flexed 90° and the adjustable lever arm of the machine will be fixed at this angle. Then they will be asked to perform bilateral isometric knee extension until the knees form a 180° angle. They will also be verbally motivated to complete the knee extension exercise.
Isometric PAPEOther
Isometric contraction will be used in the protocol. On the leg extension machine, the protocol will be performed by applying 3 sets of 3 seconds against the lever arm only with 1TM 90% load, 2 minutes rest will be applied between sets. Isometric knee extension exercise will be used in the protocol. The movement will be performed sitting, in a position suitable for limb lengths and in a controlled manner using a leg extension machine. At the beginning of the movement, the knees will be flexed 90° and the adjustable lever arm of the machine will be fixed at this angle. Then they will be asked to perform bilateral isometric knee extension until the knees form a 180° angle. They will also be verbally motivated to complete the knee extension exercise.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic PAPE | Experimental | In this protocol, the load determined for footballers during knee extension will be applied as 90% of their one repetition maximum (1TM). After the standard warm-up session at the beginning, the protocol will be performed by performing 1 set of 3 repetitions with the previously determined 1TM 90% load without resting between repetitions. Receives: Other: Dynamic PAPE |
| Isometric PAPE | Experimental | Isometric contraction will be used in the protocol. On the leg extension machine, the protocol will be performed by applying 3 sets of 3 seconds against only the lever arm with 1TM 90% load, 2 minutes rest will be applied between sets. Receives: Other: Isometric PAPE |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Significant difference in dynamic condition
It is expected that there will be a significant difference in the rate of change of direction during different rest periods in the dynamic contraction condition compared to the isometric contraction condition
Measured: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks
Significant difference in isometric condition
It is expected that there would be a significant difference in the rate of direction change during different rest periods in the isometric contraction condition compared to the dynamic contraction condition.
Measured: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks
The time between the conditions is different
Compared to the first measurement, a change in the rate of directional change in conditions is expected.
Measured: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Mar 2025
- Study start20 Feb 2025
- Primary completion15 Apr 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion25 Apr 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for PerformanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 25 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Karabuk University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Neslihan AKÇAY, Karabuk University
- Investigators
- Neslihan Akçay, Study chair, Karabuk University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06875505
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UKarabuk-3
- Acronym
- PAPEsoccer
- Status last verified
- Mar 2025
- First submitted
- 8 Mar 2025
- Last updated
- 13 Mar 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Marshall J, Turner AN, Jarvis PT, Maloney SJ, Cree JA, Bishop CJ. Postactivation Potentiation and Change of Direction Speed in Elite Academy Rugby Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Jun;33(6):1551-1556. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001834.
PubMed 28166184Keskin K, Akcay N, Ozmen T, Contarli N, Yildiz KC, Sofuoglu C, Kamis O, Rolnick N, de Queiros VS, Montoye A. Effects of different pre-exercise strategies on jumping performance in female volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2025 Jan;65(1):59-68. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.24.16196-8. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
PubMed 39360986
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Mar 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Soccer Players: The Effect of Different Contraction and Rest Periods on Changing Direction Ability
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06875505
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PAPEsoccer / UKarabuk-3
- Conditions
- Performance, Post Activation Potentiation, Soccer
- Keywords
- Soccer, Post activation Performance Enhancement, Dynamic Contraction, Isometric contraction
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 25 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Karabuk UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Apr 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 25 Apr 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 13 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will be conducted in a randomised, crossover design. Soccer players will participate in two test sessions 48 hours apart. The athletes will be pre-tested in the professional direction change test and after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied, they will be taken to the professional direction change test at 15th second, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th minutes.
Detailed description
This study will be conducted in a randomised, crossover design. Subjects will participate in two test sessions 48 hours apart. To eliminate the effect of fatigue, participants will be warned not to engage in intense physical activity before the study days and to pay attention to adequate carbohydrate intake so that repeated sprint performance will not be affected. On the 1st day of the study, after the participants were informed about the study, their heights will be recorded with a height meter, and their weights and body fat percentages will be taken with the Inbody 270 device. After the descriptive characteristics of all participants are obtained, the warm-up protocol will be applied and 1 RM will be determined and recorded by performing knee extension movement on the Knee Extension device. On the second day of the study, all athletes will be pre-tested in the professional change of direction test and will be taken to the professional change of direction test at 15 seconds, 3 minutes, 6 minutes, 9 minutes and 12 minutes after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied. On the third day of the study, the pre-tests of all athletes in the professional direction change test will be taken again and they will be taken to the professional direction change test at 15 seconds, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th minutes after the PAPE protocol of the group they are included in is applied. Participants will be asked to stop eating 1.5 hours before the measurement time. Athletes will be allowed to drink water (500ml) during the test and will be verbally motivated during the professional change of direction test.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic PAPE | Experimental | Other: Dynamic PAPEIn this protocol, the load determined for footballers during knee extension will be applied as 90% of their one repetition maximum (1TM). After the standard warm-up session at the beginning, the protocol will be performed by performing 1 set of 3 repetitions with the previously determined 1TM 90% load without resting between repetitions. |
| Isometric PAPE | Experimental | Other: Isometric PAPEIsometric contraction will be used in the protocol. On the leg extension machine, the protocol will be performed by applying 3 sets of 3 seconds against only the lever arm with 1TM 90% load, 2 minutes rest will be applied between sets. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 24 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Being healthy
- Male soccer players
- Willing to maintain the intervention for all sessions
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Under 18 years of age
- Having a chronic disease
- Contraindications for exercise
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic PAPEIn this protocol, the load determined for footballers during knee extension will be applied as 90% of their one repetition maximum (1TM). After a standard warm-up session at the beginning, the protocol will be performed by performing 1 set of 3 repetitions with the previously determined 1TM 90% load without resting between repetitions. Isometric knee extension exercise will be used in the protocol. The movement will be performed sitting, in a position suitable for limb lengths and in a controlled manner using a leg extension machine. At the beginning of the movement, the knees will be flexed 90° and the adjustable lever arm of the machine will be fixed at this angle. Then they will be asked to perform bilateral isometric knee extension until the knees form a 180° angle. They will also be verbally motivated to complete the knee extension exercise. | Other | Dynamic PAPE |
| Isometric PAPEIsometric contraction will be used in the protocol. On the leg extension machine, the protocol will be performed by applying 3 sets of 3 seconds against the lever arm only with 1TM 90% load, 2 minutes rest will be applied between sets. Isometric knee extension exercise will be used in the protocol. The movement will be performed sitting, in a position suitable for limb lengths and in a controlled manner using a leg extension machine. At the beginning of the movement, the knees will be flexed 90° and the adjustable lever arm of the machine will be fixed at this angle. Then they will be asked to perform bilateral isometric knee extension until the knees form a 180° angle. They will also be verbally motivated to complete the knee extension exercise. | Other | Isometric PAPE |
Primary outcome
Significant difference in dynamic condition
Time frame: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks
It is expected that there will be a significant difference in the rate of change of direction during different rest periods in the dynamic contraction condition compared to the isometric contraction condition
Significant difference in isometric condition
Time frame: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks
It is expected that there would be a significant difference in the rate of direction change during different rest periods in the isometric contraction condition compared to the dynamic contraction condition.
The time between the conditions is different
Time frame: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks.
Compared to the first measurement, a change in the rate of directional change in conditions is expected.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Mar 2025.
- Background: PubMed 28166184Marshall J, Turner AN, Jarvis PT, Maloney SJ, Cree JA, Bishop CJ. Postactivation Potentiation and Change of Direction Speed in Elite Academy Rugby Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Jun;33(6):1551-1556. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001834.
- Background: PubMed 39360986Keskin K, Akcay N, Ozmen T, Contarli N, Yildiz KC, Sofuoglu C, Kamis O, Rolnick N, de Queiros VS, Montoye A. Effects of different pre-exercise strategies on jumping performance in female volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2025 Jan;65(1):59-68. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.24.16196-8. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Neslihan Akçay study chair
Karabuk University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Dynamic PAPE and Isometric PAPE in people with Performance and Post Activation Potentiation, run by Karabuk University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Mar 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Significant difference in dynamic condition (time frame: From baseline to the end of measurement at 1 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06875505, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Mar 2025.