Dental MalocclusionNCT06897852
Accuracy of Photogrammetric Three-Dimensional Facial Models Reconstruction Compared With Direct Anthropometry
An observational study of Dental Malocclusion and Diagnosis, run by Al-Azhar University at 1 site in Egypt.
Trial summary
Accuracy of Two Different Photogrammetric Software for Three Dimensional Facial Model Reconstructions Compared with Direct Facial Anthropometry. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Dental Malocclusion, Diagnosis, Facial Asymmetry
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 1 siteEgypt
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2024to 1 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: This study will be carried out on fifty volunteers, selected from outpatient clinic at Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch; aged 18 years or older.
Who may be able to join
- Participants aged 18 or older
Who cannot join
- Presence of:
- Extensive facial hair (beards).
- Significant facial defects.
- Surgical scars.
- Neuromuscular disorders that may hinder stability of head during image acquisition.
- Accessories that could interfere with image acquisition.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Accuracy of Two Different Photogrammetric Software for Three Dimensional Facial Model Reconstructions Compared with Direct Facial Anthropometry.
- Conditions
- Dental Malocclusion, Diagnosis, Facial Asymmetry
- Keywords
- facial scanning, photogrammetry, facial anthropometry
- Medical subject headings
- Malocclusion, Disease, Facial Asymmetry
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Direct facial anthropometry group | Not described | |
| first photogrammetric software group | Not described | |
| second photogrammetric software group | Not described |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Linear Measurements
- A 3D model was generated for each volunteer using photogrammetry software. Anthropometric linear measurements was taken using a digital caliper, and photogrammetric linear measurements was extracted from the 3D model.
- Two LEGO® blocks with uniform dimensions were attached to the participants' faces to scale the 3D model to actual metric dimensions.
Unit of Measure: millimeters(mm)
Measured: Baseline (procedure)
Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Angular Measurements
- This outcome measure focuses on the accuracy of photogrammetry in capturing and reproducing angular measurements of facial features.
- Volunteers' 3D facial models were generated using photogrammetry software from multiple photos.
- Two LEGO® blocks with uniform dimensions were attached to the forehead and cheek for scaling and reference. Angular measurements, based on these blocks, were extracted from the 3D model. The measurements were compared to validate the method's precision in reproducing angular dimensions.
Unit of Measure: Degrees (°)
Measured: Baseline (procedure)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Mar 2025
- Study start1 Sep 2024
- Primary completion1 Nov 2024
- Study completion1 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Dental MalocclusionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Al-Azhar UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Other
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Al-Azhar University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Assem Hammas, Al-Azhar University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06897852
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AlAzharU-AZUD
- Status last verified
- Mar 2025
- First submitted
- 17 Jul 2023
- Last updated
- 27 Mar 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Bradley E, Shelton A, Hodge T, Morris D, Bekker H, Fletcher S, Barber S. Patient-reported experience and outcomes from orthodontic treatment. J Orthod. 2020 Jun;47(2):107-115. doi: 10.1177/1465312520904377. Epub 2020 Feb 29.
PubMed 32116083Sarver DM. Interactions of hard tissues, soft tissues, and growth over time, and their impact on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015 Sep;148(3):380-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.030.
PubMed 26321335Mohan A, Sivakumar A, Nalabothu P. Evaluation of accuracy and reliability of OneCeph digital cephalometric analysis in comparison with manual cephalometric analysis-a cross-sectional study. BDJ Open. 2021 Jun 17;7(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41405-021-00077-2.
PubMed 34140466Kamburoglu K. Use of dentomaxillofacial cone beam computed tomography in dentistry. World J Radiol. 2015 Jun 28;7(6):128-30. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v7.i6.128.
PubMed 26120381Jain S, Choudhary K, Nagi R, Shukla S, Kaur N, Grover D. New evolution of cone-beam computed tomography in dentistry: Combining digital technologies. Imaging Sci Dent. 2019 Sep;49(3):179-190. doi: 10.5624/isd.2019.49.3.179. Epub 2019 Sep 24.
PubMed 31583200Mao WY, Lei J, Lim LZ, Gao Y, Tyndall DA, Fu K. Comparison of radiographical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of intraosseous jaw lesions on panoramic radiographs and CBCT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021 Feb 1;50(2):20200165. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20200165. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
PubMed 32941743Struck R, Cordoni S, Aliotta S, Perez-Pachon L, Groning F. Application of Photogrammetry in Biomedical Science. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1120:121-130. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-06070-1_10.
PubMed 30919299Heike CL, Upson K, Stuhaug E, Weinberg SM. 3D digital stereophotogrammetry: a practical guide to facial image acquisition. Head Face Med. 2010 Jul 28;6:18. doi: 10.1186/1746-160X-6-18.
PubMed 20667081Erten O, Yilmaz BN. Three-Dimensional Imaging in Orthodontics. Turk J Orthod. 2018 Sep;31(3):86-94. doi: 10.5152/TurkJOrthod.2018.17041. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
PubMed 30206567D'Ettorre G, Farronato M, Candida E, Quinzi V, Grippaudo C. A comparison between stereophotogrammetry and smartphone structured light technology for three-dimensional face scanning. Angle Orthod. 2022 May 1;92(3):358-363. doi: 10.2319/040921-290.1.
PubMed 3501507112- Arapovic-Savic M, Savic M, Umicevic-Davidovic M, Arbutina A, Nedeljkovic N, Glisic B. A novel method of photogrammetry measurements of study models in orthodontics. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo. 2019;147(1):10-6.
Gupta A. On imaging modalities for cephalometric analysis: a review. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 2023 Mar 21:1-22.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Mar 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Accuracy of Photogrammetric Three-Dimensional Facial Models Reconstruction Compared With Direct Anthropometry
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06897852
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AlAzharU-AZUD
- Conditions
- Dental Malocclusion, Diagnosis, Facial Asymmetry
- Keywords
- facial scanning, photogrammetry, facial anthropometry
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Al-Azhar UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Accuracy of Two Different Photogrammetric Software for Three Dimensional Facial Model Reconstructions Compared with Direct Facial Anthropometry.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Other
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Direct facial anthropometry group | – | – |
| first photogrammetric software group | – | – |
| second photogrammetric software group | – | – |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- This study will be carried out on fifty volunteers, selected from outpatient clinic at Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch; aged 18 years or older.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Participants aged 18 or older
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Presence of:
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Linear Measurements
Time frame: Baseline (procedure)
* A 3D model was generated for each volunteer using photogrammetry software. Anthropometric linear measurements was taken using a digital caliper, and photogrammetric linear measurements was extracted from the 3D model. * Two LEGO® blocks with uniform dimensions were attached to the participants' faces to scale the 3D model to actual metric dimensions. Unit of Measure: millimeters(mm)
Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Angular Measurements
Time frame: Baseline (procedure)
* This outcome measure focuses on the accuracy of photogrammetry in capturing and reproducing angular measurements of facial features. * Volunteers' 3D facial models were generated using photogrammetry software from multiple photos. * Two LEGO® blocks with uniform dimensions were attached to the forehead and cheek for scaling and reference. Angular measurements, based on these blocks, were extracted from the 3D model. The measurements were compared to validate the method's precision in reproducing angular dimensions. Unit of Measure: Degrees (°)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Mar 2025.
- Background: PubMed 32116083Bradley E, Shelton A, Hodge T, Morris D, Bekker H, Fletcher S, Barber S. Patient-reported experience and outcomes from orthodontic treatment. J Orthod. 2020 Jun;47(2):107-115. doi: 10.1177/1465312520904377. Epub 2020 Feb 29.
- Background: PubMed 26321335Sarver DM. Interactions of hard tissues, soft tissues, and growth over time, and their impact on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015 Sep;148(3):380-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.030.
- Background: PubMed 34140466Mohan A, Sivakumar A, Nalabothu P. Evaluation of accuracy and reliability of OneCeph digital cephalometric analysis in comparison with manual cephalometric analysis-a cross-sectional study. BDJ Open. 2021 Jun 17;7(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41405-021-00077-2.
- Background: PubMed 26120381Kamburoglu K. Use of dentomaxillofacial cone beam computed tomography in dentistry. World J Radiol. 2015 Jun 28;7(6):128-30. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v7.i6.128.
- Background: PubMed 31583200Jain S, Choudhary K, Nagi R, Shukla S, Kaur N, Grover D. New evolution of cone-beam computed tomography in dentistry: Combining digital technologies. Imaging Sci Dent. 2019 Sep;49(3):179-190. doi: 10.5624/isd.2019.49.3.179. Epub 2019 Sep 24.
- Background: PubMed 32941743Mao WY, Lei J, Lim LZ, Gao Y, Tyndall DA, Fu K. Comparison of radiographical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of intraosseous jaw lesions on panoramic radiographs and CBCT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021 Feb 1;50(2):20200165. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20200165. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
- Background: PubMed 30919299Struck R, Cordoni S, Aliotta S, Perez-Pachon L, Groning F. Application of Photogrammetry in Biomedical Science. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1120:121-130. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-06070-1_10.
- Background: PubMed 20667081Heike CL, Upson K, Stuhaug E, Weinberg SM. 3D digital stereophotogrammetry: a practical guide to facial image acquisition. Head Face Med. 2010 Jul 28;6:18. doi: 10.1186/1746-160X-6-18.
- Background: PubMed 30206567Erten O, Yilmaz BN. Three-Dimensional Imaging in Orthodontics. Turk J Orthod. 2018 Sep;31(3):86-94. doi: 10.5152/TurkJOrthod.2018.17041. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
- Background: PubMed 35015071D'Ettorre G, Farronato M, Candida E, Quinzi V, Grippaudo C. A comparison between stereophotogrammetry and smartphone structured light technology for three-dimensional face scanning. Angle Orthod. 2022 May 1;92(3):358-363. doi: 10.2319/040921-290.1.
- Background12- Arapovic-Savic M, Savic M, Umicevic-Davidovic M, Arbutina A, Nedeljkovic N, Glisic B. A novel method of photogrammetry measurements of study models in orthodontics. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo. 2019;147(1):10-6.
- BackgroundGupta A. On imaging modalities for cephalometric analysis: a review. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 2023 Mar 21:1-22.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Dental Malocclusion and Diagnosis, run by Al-Azhar University at 1 site in Egypt.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Mar 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Linear Measurements (time frame: Baseline (procedure)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06897852, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Mar 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.