Puzzle ActivityPuzzleNCT06903533
The Effect of Puzzle Activity on Nursing Students' Willingness to Work With Older Adults and Gerontological Nursing Competence
A study testing Puzzle Activity in people with Puzzle Activity, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The study will be conducted using a parallel-group randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effect of a puzzle activity on nursing students' willingness to work with older adults and their competence in gerontological nursing. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Puzzle Activity
- What is being tested?
- Puzzle Activity
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 102 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 28 Mar 2025to 15 May 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- • Being a second-year nursing student
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Not taking the Geriatric Health Nursing course
- Having difficulty in understanding and speaking Turkish
- Incomplete or incorrectly answered data collection tools
- Willingness to withdraw from the study voluntarily
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The study will be conducted using a parallel-group randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effect of a puzzle activity on nursing students' willingness to work with older adults and their competence in gerontological nursing. The study population will consist of second-year students (N=243) enrolled in the Faculty of Nursing at a university. The sample of the study will include at least 86 nursing students, with 43 students in the puzzle group and 43 students in the control group. The research will be carried out between March 2025 and June 2025. In this study, data will be collected using the "Descriptive Information Form," the "Willingness to Work with Older People Scale," and the "Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale."
Read the detailed description
The study will be conducted using a parallel-group randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effect of a puzzle activity on nursing students' willingness to work with older adults and their gerontological nursing competence. The study group will consist of second-year students (N=243) enrolled in the Faculty of Nursing at a university. The G*Power program was used to calculate the sample size. In the reference study (Kaynak, S., Ergün, S., \& Karadaş, A. (2023). The effect of crossword puzzle activity used in distance education on nursing students' problem-solving and clinical decision-making skills: A comparative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 69, 103618), it was determined that at least 86 students (43+43) were needed, with α = 0.05, 80% power, and an effect size of 0.615.
After assigning the students to the intervention and control groups, a puzzle activity will be conducted with the intervention group following a lecture. In preparing the puzzles, the researchers will use free online puzzle-making tools (e.g., https://crosswordlabs.com/). The puzzles will include questions related to basic knowledge and concepts concerning gerontological nursing competence. During the puzzle-solving process, the researcher will be present in the classroom and provide guidance to students when needed. After students complete the puzzles, the researcher will project the puzzle on the presentation screen and evaluate the answers through interactive discussion with the students. Upon completion of each puzzle, the researcher will collect the puzzles from the students to prevent contamination between the intervention and control groups. A post-test will be administered to students at the end of the puzzle activity.
- Conditions
- Puzzle Activity
- Being tested
- Puzzle Activity
- Keywords
- Puzzle Activity, Nursing Students, Nursing
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Puzzle ActivityOther
After assigning the students to the intervention and control groups, a puzzle activity will be conducted with the intervention group following a lecture. In preparing the puzzles, the researchers will use free online puzzle-making tools (e.g., https://crosswordlabs.com/). The puzzles will include questions related to basic knowledge and concepts concerning gerontological nursing competence. During the puzzle-solving process, the researcher will be present in the classroom and provide guidance to students when needed. After students complete the puzzles, the researcher will project the puzzle on the presentation screen and evaluate the answers through interactive discussion with the students. Upon completion of each puzzle, the researcher will collect the puzzles from the students to prevent contamination between the intervention and control groups. A post-test will be administered to students at the end of the puzzle activity.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Puzzle Activity Group | Experimental | The puzzles, which include questions related to basic knowledge and concepts of gerontological nursing competence, are required to be solved over a period of three weeks. Receives: Other: Puzzle Activity |
| Control group | No intervention | After explaining the purpose and implementation of the study to the nursing students in the control group, the "Descriptive Information Form," the "Willingness to Work with Older People Scale," and the "Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale" will be administered. No intervention will be applied to the control group. At the end of the third week, the "Willingness to Work with Older People Scale" and the "Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale" will be re-administered. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Willingness to Work with Older People Scale
The scale was developed by Fadayevatan and colleagues (2018) to determine medical students' willingness to work with older adults. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were conducted by Akpınar Söylemez and colleagues (2022) with nursing and medical students The scale consists of 4 sub-dimensions and 20 items. The scale is a six-point Likert-type scale, where items are scored from 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 20, and the maximum score is 120. Scores for each sub-dimension and a total score are calculated. Higher scores indicate a greater willingness to work with older adults
Measured: Baseline
Willingness to Work with Older People Scale
The scale was developed by Fadayevatan and colleagues (2018) to determine medical students' willingness to work with older adults. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were conducted by Akpınar Söylemez and colleagues (2022) with nursing and medical students The scale consists of 4 sub-dimensions and 20 items. The scale is a six-point Likert-type scale, where items are scored from 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 20, and the maximum score is 120. Scores for each sub-dimension and a total score are calculated. Higher scores indicate a greater willingness to work with older adults
Measured: At the end of the third week,
Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale
The scale was developed by Tohmola et al. (2021) to measure nursing students' competencies in geriatric care. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Aslan et al. (2024). The scale consists of 53 items and 11 subdimensions. The scale is a 4-point Likert-type scale and is rated as follows:1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Partially Disagree, 3 = Partially Agree, 4 = Strongly Agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 53, and the maximum score is 212. As the level of competence increases, the score obtained from the scale also increases
Measured: Baseline
Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale
The scale was developed by Tohmola et al. (2021) to measure nursing students' competencies in geriatric care. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Aslan et al. (2024). The scale consists of 53 items and 11 subdimensions. The scale is a 4-point Likert-type scale and is rated as follows:1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Partially Disagree, 3 = Partially Agree, 4 = Strongly Agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 53, and the maximum score is 212. As the level of competence increases, the score obtained from the scale also increases
Measured: At the end of the third week,
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Mar 2025
- Study start28 Mar 2025
- Primary completion15 May 2025
- Study completion15 May 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Puzzle ActivityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Gazi UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Parallel Assignment
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 102 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zühal Erdoğan, Gazi University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06903533
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025 -397
- Acronym
- Puzzle
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 28 Mar 2025
- Last updated
- 17 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Puzzle Activity on Nursing Students' Willingness to Work With Older Adults and Gerontological Nursing Competence
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06903533
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Puzzle / 2025 -397
- Conditions
- Puzzle Activity
- Keywords
- Puzzle Activity, Nursing Students, Nursing
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 102 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 May 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 May 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study will be conducted using a parallel-group randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effect of a puzzle activity on nursing students' willingness to work with older adults and their competence in gerontological nursing. The study population will consist of second-year students (N=243) enrolled in the Faculty of Nursing at a university. The sample of the study will include at least 86 nursing students, with 43 students in the puzzle group and 43 students in the control group. The research will be carried out between March 2025 and June 2025. In this study, data will be collected using the "Descriptive Information Form," the "Willingness to Work with Older People Scale," and the "Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale."
Detailed description
The study will be conducted using a parallel-group randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effect of a puzzle activity on nursing students' willingness to work with older adults and their gerontological nursing competence. The study group will consist of second-year students (N=243) enrolled in the Faculty of Nursing at a university. The G*Power program was used to calculate the sample size. In the reference study (Kaynak, S., Ergün, S., \& Karadaş, A. (2023). The effect of crossword puzzle activity used in distance education on nursing students' problem-solving and clinical decision-making skills: A comparative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 69, 103618), it was determined that at least 86 students (43+43) were needed, with α = 0.05, 80% power, and an effect size of 0.615.
After assigning the students to the intervention and control groups, a puzzle activity will be conducted with the intervention group following a lecture. In preparing the puzzles, the researchers will use free online puzzle-making tools (e.g., https://crosswordlabs.com/). The puzzles will include questions related to basic knowledge and concepts concerning gerontological nursing competence. During the puzzle-solving process, the researcher will be present in the classroom and provide guidance to students when needed. After students complete the puzzles, the researcher will project the puzzle on the presentation screen and evaluate the answers through interactive discussion with the students. Upon completion of each puzzle, the researcher will collect the puzzles from the students to prevent contamination between the intervention and control groups. A post-test will be administered to students at the end of the puzzle activity.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Parallel Assignment
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Puzzle Activity Group | Experimental | Other: Puzzle ActivityThe puzzles, which include questions related to basic knowledge and concepts of gerontological nursing competence, are required to be solved over a period of three weeks. |
| Control group | No intervention | –After explaining the purpose and implementation of the study to the nursing students in the control group, the "Descriptive Information Form," the "Willingness to Work with Older People Scale," and the "Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale" will be administered. No intervention will be applied to the control group. At the end of the third week, the "Willingness to Work with Older People Scale" and the "Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale" will be re-administered. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- • Being a second-year nursing student
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Not taking the Geriatric Health Nursing course
- Having difficulty in understanding and speaking Turkish
- Incomplete or incorrectly answered data collection tools
- Willingness to withdraw from the study voluntarily
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Puzzle ActivityAfter assigning the students to the intervention and control groups, a puzzle activity will be conducted with the intervention group following a lecture. In preparing the puzzles, the researchers will use free online puzzle-making tools (e.g., https://crosswordlabs.com/). The puzzles will include questions related to basic knowledge and concepts concerning gerontological nursing competence. During the puzzle-solving process, the researcher will be present in the classroom and provide guidance to students when needed. After students complete the puzzles, the researcher will project the puzzle on the presentation screen and evaluate the answers through interactive discussion with the students. Upon completion of each puzzle, the researcher will collect the puzzles from the students to prevent contamination between the intervention and control groups. A post-test will be administered to students at the end of the puzzle activity. | Other | Puzzle Activity Group |
Primary outcome
Willingness to Work with Older People Scale
Time frame: Baseline
The scale was developed by Fadayevatan and colleagues (2018) to determine medical students' willingness to work with older adults. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were conducted by Akpınar Söylemez and colleagues (2022) with nursing and medical students The scale consists of 4 sub-dimensions and 20 items. The scale is a six-point Likert-type scale, where items are scored from 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 20, and the maximum score is 120. Scores for each sub-dimension and a total score are calculated. Higher scores indicate a greater willingness to work with older adults
Willingness to Work with Older People Scale
Time frame: At the end of the third week,
The scale was developed by Fadayevatan and colleagues (2018) to determine medical students' willingness to work with older adults. The Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were conducted by Akpınar Söylemez and colleagues (2022) with nursing and medical students The scale consists of 4 sub-dimensions and 20 items. The scale is a six-point Likert-type scale, where items are scored from 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 20, and the maximum score is 120. Scores for each sub-dimension and a total score are calculated. Higher scores indicate a greater willingness to work with older adults
Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale
Time frame: Baseline
The scale was developed by Tohmola et al. (2021) to measure nursing students' competencies in geriatric care. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Aslan et al. (2024). The scale consists of 53 items and 11 subdimensions. The scale is a 4-point Likert-type scale and is rated as follows:1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Partially Disagree, 3 = Partially Agree, 4 = Strongly Agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 53, and the maximum score is 212. As the level of competence increases, the score obtained from the scale also increases
Gerontological Nursing Competence Scale
Time frame: At the end of the third week,
The scale was developed by Tohmola et al. (2021) to measure nursing students' competencies in geriatric care. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Aslan et al. (2024). The scale consists of 53 items and 11 subdimensions. The scale is a 4-point Likert-type scale and is rated as follows:1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Partially Disagree, 3 = Partially Agree, 4 = Strongly Agree. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 53, and the maximum score is 212. As the level of competence increases, the score obtained from the scale also increases
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Sep 2025.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Puzzle Activity in people with Puzzle Activity, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Willingness to Work with Older People Scale (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Sep 2025.