Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary RecallNCT06919536
Controlled Feeding With 24 Hour Recall
An observational study of Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary Recall, run by Texas Tech University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This study examines how accurately adults report their food intake using a common self-report method called the 24-hour dietary recall. While this method is widely used in nutrition research, it often leads to underreporting, especially among individuals with overweight or obesity. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary Recall
- How many people
- 75 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 21 Apr 2025to 22 Sep 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: The population will include anyone eligible based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those who are 18-65 years of age are eligible, there are no other restrictions.
Who may be able to join
- Able to attend the test site for a meal at least two times.
Who cannot join
- Any aversions to the test meal (including allergies)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Texas Tech University Nutrition and Metabolic Health Initiative
Lubbock, Texas, 79409
About this study
This study examines how accurately adults report their food intake using a common self-report method called the 24-hour dietary recall. While this method is widely used in nutrition research, it often leads to underreporting, especially among individuals with overweight or obesity. However, it is unclear if specific foods are more likely to be misreported.
To address this, participants will be served a controlled meal containing both simple foods (e.g., fruit snacks, saltine crackers, cookies, and a coke soft drink) and mixed dishes (e.g., chicken salad, macaroni and cheese with peas). Each food item will be precisely weighed before and after consumption. The following day, participants will complete an online 24-hour recall, and the process will be repeated one week later.
The study will compare reported intake to actual intake to assess accuracy and determine whether underreporting is more common for mixed dishes. It will also explore whether reporting accuracy is influenced by body weight, gender, or race. Findings from this research may improve the understanding of self-report limitations and support the development of more accurate dietary assessment tools.
Read the detailed description
This prospective observational cohort study with repeated measures investigates the accuracy of self-reported dietary intake using the 24-hour dietary recall method, specifically the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA-24). Research has consistently shown that individuals underreport energy intake using self-report tools, particularly those with overweight or obesity. However, there is limited understanding of which types of foods are most prone to misreporting and whether such tendencies are consistent across time or demographic groups.
To address these gaps, this study uses a controlled feeding protocol in which participants consume a standardized lunch consisting of two mixed dishes (chicken salad and macaroni and cheese with peas) and single-item foods (e.g., fruit snacks, saltine crackers, cookies, and a coke soft drink). All foods are weighed precisely before and after consumption to the nearest 0.01g. The following day, participants complete an online 24-hour dietary recall using ASA-24. This process is repeated one week later to assess reproducibility of reporting patterns.
The primary outcome is the portion-size reporting difference between actual and reported intake for each food item. Secondary outcomes include whether mixed dishes are more inaccurately reported than discrete foods, and whether underreporting is consistent across both sessions. Additional analyses will evaluate whether underreporting varies by BMI category, gender, or race.
Participants (N=65) are adults aged 18-65 recruited from the Texas Tech University community using flyers, email announcements, and word of mouth. Inclusion criteria include availability to attend lunch visits and complete online recalls. Exclusion criteria include food allergies or aversions to the test meal.
- Conditions
- Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary Recall
- Being tested
- No intervention (observational study)
- Keywords
- 24 hour dietary recall, self report dietary intake, food frequency questionnaire, underreporting dietary intake, overreporting dietary intake, validity of 24 hour dietary recall, nutrition self report accuracy
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
No intervention (observational study)Other
There is no intervention, this is a observational study,
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Participants | Men and women, aged 18-65, any race/ethnicity with no food allergies or aversions to test foods. Receives: Other: No intervention (observational study) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Per-item Portion-Size Difference (Weighed - 24-hour recall)
The primary outcome is the difference between the calories of weighed actual intake and the reported intake from the ASA_24
Measured: From enrollment to 2 weeks (1 measurement with a ASA-24 the next day, and another identical measurement with recall the next day)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Apr 2025
- Study start21 Apr 2025
- Primary completion22 Sep 2025
- Study completion22 Sep 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary RecallStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 75 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Texas Tech University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Shannon Galyean, Texas Tech University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06919536
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IRB2025-157
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 2 Apr 2025
- Last updated
- 18 Nov 2025
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Heymsfield SB, Darby PC, Muhlheim LS, Gallagher D, Wolper C, Allison DB. The calorie: myth, measurement, and reality. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Nov;62(5 Suppl):1034S-1041S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/62.5.1034S.
PubMed 7484918Foster E, Lee C, Imamura F, Hollidge SE, Westgate KL, Venables MC, Poliakov I, Rowland MK, Osadchiy T, Bradley JC, Simpson EL, Adamson AJ, Olivier P, Wareham N, Forouhi NG, Brage S. Validity and reliability of an online self-report 24-h dietary recall method (Intake24): a doubly labelled water study and repeated-measures analysis. J Nutr Sci. 2019 Aug 30;8:e29. doi: 10.1017/jns.2019.20. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31501691Schoeller DA, Thomas D, Archer E, Heymsfield SB, Blair SN, Goran MI, Hill JO, Atkinson RL, Corkey BE, Foreyt J, Dhurandhar NV, Kral JG, Hall KD, Hansen BC, Heitmann BL, Ravussin E, Allison DB. Self-report-based estimates of energy intake offer an inadequate basis for scientific conclusions. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jun;97(6):1413-5. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.062125. No abstract available.
PubMed 23689494Lin WY, Dubuisson O, Rubicz R, Liu N, Allison DB, Curran JE, Comuzzie AG, Blangero J, Leach CT, Goring H, Dhurandhar NV. Response to Comment on: Lin et al. Long-term changes in adiposity and glycemic control are associated with past adenovirus infection. Diabetes Care 2013;36:701-707. Diabetes Care. 2013 Sep;36(9):e162. doi: 10.2337/dc13-0879. No abstract available.
PubMed 23970733Subar AF, Crafts J, Zimmerman TP, Wilson M, Mittl B, Islam NG, McNutt S, Potischman N, Buday R, Hull SG, Baranowski T, Guenther PM, Willis G, Tapia R, Thompson FE. Assessment of the accuracy of portion size reports using computer-based food photographs aids in the development of an automated self-administered 24-hour recall. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Jan;110(1):55-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.10.007.
PubMed 20102828Freedman LS, Commins JM, Moler JE, Arab L, Baer DJ, Kipnis V, Midthune D, Moshfegh AJ, Neuhouser ML, Prentice RL, Schatzkin A, Spiegelman D, Subar AF, Tinker LF, Willett W. Pooled results from 5 validation studies of dietary self-report instruments using recovery biomarkers for energy and protein intake. Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Jul 15;180(2):172-88. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwu116. Epub 2014 Jun 10.
PubMed 24918187Ahluwalia N, Dwyer J, Terry A, Moshfegh A, Johnson C. Update on NHANES Dietary Data: Focus on Collection, Release, Analytical Considerations, and Uses to Inform Public Policy. Adv Nutr. 2016 Jan 15;7(1):121-34. doi: 10.3945/an.115.009258. Print 2016 Jan.
PubMed 26773020
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Nov 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Controlled Feeding With 24 Hour Recall
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06919536
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IRB2025-157
- Conditions
- Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary Recall
- Keywords
- 24 hour dietary recall, self report dietary intake, food frequency questionnaire, underreporting dietary intake, overreporting dietary intake, validity of 24 hour dietary recall, nutrition self report accuracy
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 75 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Texas Tech UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 22 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 22 Sep 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study examines how accurately adults report their food intake using a common self-report method called the 24-hour dietary recall. While this method is widely used in nutrition research, it often leads to underreporting, especially among individuals with overweight or obesity. However, it is unclear if specific foods are more likely to be misreported.
To address this, participants will be served a controlled meal containing both simple foods (e.g., fruit snacks, saltine crackers, cookies, and a coke soft drink) and mixed dishes (e.g., chicken salad, macaroni and cheese with peas). Each food item will be precisely weighed before and after consumption. The following day, participants will complete an online 24-hour recall, and the process will be repeated one week later.
The study will compare reported intake to actual intake to assess accuracy and determine whether underreporting is more common for mixed dishes. It will also explore whether reporting accuracy is influenced by body weight, gender, or race. Findings from this research may improve the understanding of self-report limitations and support the development of more accurate dietary assessment tools.
Detailed description
This prospective observational cohort study with repeated measures investigates the accuracy of self-reported dietary intake using the 24-hour dietary recall method, specifically the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA-24). Research has consistently shown that individuals underreport energy intake using self-report tools, particularly those with overweight or obesity. However, there is limited understanding of which types of foods are most prone to misreporting and whether such tendencies are consistent across time or demographic groups.
To address these gaps, this study uses a controlled feeding protocol in which participants consume a standardized lunch consisting of two mixed dishes (chicken salad and macaroni and cheese with peas) and single-item foods (e.g., fruit snacks, saltine crackers, cookies, and a coke soft drink). All foods are weighed precisely before and after consumption to the nearest 0.01g. The following day, participants complete an online 24-hour dietary recall using ASA-24. This process is repeated one week later to assess reproducibility of reporting patterns.
The primary outcome is the portion-size reporting difference between actual and reported intake for each food item. Secondary outcomes include whether mixed dishes are more inaccurately reported than discrete foods, and whether underreporting is consistent across both sessions. Additional analyses will evaluate whether underreporting varies by BMI category, gender, or race.
Participants (N=65) are adults aged 18-65 recruited from the Texas Tech University community using flyers, email announcements, and word of mouth. Inclusion criteria include availability to attend lunch visits and complete online recalls. Exclusion criteria include food allergies or aversions to the test meal.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Participants | – | Other: No intervention (observational study)Men and women, aged 18-65, any race/ethnicity with no food allergies or aversions to test foods. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The population will include anyone eligible based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those who are 18-65 years of age are eligible, there are no other restrictions.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Able to attend the test site for a meal at least two times.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Any aversions to the test meal (including allergies)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| No intervention (observational study)There is no intervention, this is a observational study, | Other | Participants |
Primary outcome
Per-item Portion-Size Difference (Weighed - 24-hour recall)
Time frame: From enrollment to 2 weeks (1 measurement with a ASA-24 the next day, and another identical measurement with recall the next day)
The primary outcome is the difference between the calories of weighed actual intake and the reported intake from the ASA_24
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Nov 2025.
- Background: PubMed 7484918Heymsfield SB, Darby PC, Muhlheim LS, Gallagher D, Wolper C, Allison DB. The calorie: myth, measurement, and reality. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Nov;62(5 Suppl):1034S-1041S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/62.5.1034S.
- Background: PubMed 31501691Foster E, Lee C, Imamura F, Hollidge SE, Westgate KL, Venables MC, Poliakov I, Rowland MK, Osadchiy T, Bradley JC, Simpson EL, Adamson AJ, Olivier P, Wareham N, Forouhi NG, Brage S. Validity and reliability of an online self-report 24-h dietary recall method (Intake24): a doubly labelled water study and repeated-measures analysis. J Nutr Sci. 2019 Aug 30;8:e29. doi: 10.1017/jns.2019.20. eCollection 2019.
- Background: PubMed 23689494Schoeller DA, Thomas D, Archer E, Heymsfield SB, Blair SN, Goran MI, Hill JO, Atkinson RL, Corkey BE, Foreyt J, Dhurandhar NV, Kral JG, Hall KD, Hansen BC, Heitmann BL, Ravussin E, Allison DB. Self-report-based estimates of energy intake offer an inadequate basis for scientific conclusions. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jun;97(6):1413-5. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.062125. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 23970733Lin WY, Dubuisson O, Rubicz R, Liu N, Allison DB, Curran JE, Comuzzie AG, Blangero J, Leach CT, Goring H, Dhurandhar NV. Response to Comment on: Lin et al. Long-term changes in adiposity and glycemic control are associated with past adenovirus infection. Diabetes Care 2013;36:701-707. Diabetes Care. 2013 Sep;36(9):e162. doi: 10.2337/dc13-0879. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 20102828Subar AF, Crafts J, Zimmerman TP, Wilson M, Mittl B, Islam NG, McNutt S, Potischman N, Buday R, Hull SG, Baranowski T, Guenther PM, Willis G, Tapia R, Thompson FE. Assessment of the accuracy of portion size reports using computer-based food photographs aids in the development of an automated self-administered 24-hour recall. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Jan;110(1):55-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.10.007.
- Results publication: PubMed 24918187Freedman LS, Commins JM, Moler JE, Arab L, Baer DJ, Kipnis V, Midthune D, Moshfegh AJ, Neuhouser ML, Prentice RL, Schatzkin A, Spiegelman D, Subar AF, Tinker LF, Willett W. Pooled results from 5 validation studies of dietary self-report instruments using recovery biomarkers for energy and protein intake. Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Jul 15;180(2):172-88. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwu116. Epub 2014 Jun 10.
- Results publication: PubMed 26773020Ahluwalia N, Dwyer J, Terry A, Moshfegh A, Johnson C. Update on NHANES Dietary Data: Focus on Collection, Release, Analytical Considerations, and Uses to Inform Public Policy. Adv Nutr. 2016 Jan 15;7(1):121-34. doi: 10.3945/an.115.009258. Print 2016 Jan.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Evaluate Accuracy 24 Dietary Recall, run by Texas Tech University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Nov 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Per-item Portion-Size Difference (Weighed - 24-hour recall) (time frame: From enrollment to 2 weeks (1 measurement with a ASA-24 the next day, and another identical measurement with recall the next day)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06919536, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Nov 2025.