Motor PerformancePNF-VMVPNCT06921772
The Effects of PNF Stretching on Anaerobic Power and Motor Performance in Adolescent Male Volleyball Players
A study testing PNF Stretching Exercise in people with Motor Performance and Anaerobic Power, run by Zarife Pancar at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled study aimed to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises on anaerobic power and motor performance in adolescent male volleyball players. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 to 17 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Motor Performance, Anaerobic Power, Flexibility
- What is being tested?
- PNF Stretching Exercise
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Jan 2023to 30 May 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 to 17 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Male participants
- Aged between 15 and 17 years
- At least 2 years of volleyball training experience
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study
- No recent musculoskeletal injuries (in the last 6 months)
Who cannot join
- Participants with any diagnosed neurological or cardiovascular disorder
- Current use of performance-enhancing drugs or supplements
- History of lower extremity surgery
- Inability to complete the training or testing sessions
- Failure to provide written informed consent
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Gaziantep University, Faculty of Sport Sciences
Gaziantep, Şehitkamil, 27350
About this study
Official title: The Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Exercises on Anaerobic Power and Motor Performance in Adolescent Male Volleyball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled study aimed to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises on anaerobic power and motor performance in adolescent male volleyball players. Eighteen participants aged 15 to 17 years were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group performed PNF stretching exercises three times per week for six weeks, in addition to their regular volleyball training. The control group continued their standard volleyball training without PNF stretching. Outcome measures included anaerobic power, flexibility, balance, speed, push-up, and crunch tests. The study hypothesizes that PNF stretching will improve motor performance indicators in adolescent athletes.
Read the detailed description
This clinical trial investigates the effects of a six-week proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching intervention on motor performance in adolescent male volleyball players. A total of 18 participants with at least 6 months of volleyball training experience were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=9) and the control group (n=9). The experimental group received PNF stretching exercises in addition to their routine training three times per week for six weeks, while the control group continued only with their routine training.
The main outcome measures were anaerobic power (Margaria-Kalamen Test), flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test), balance (Flamingo Balance Test), speed (20 m sprint), upper body strength (Push-up Test), and core strength (Crunch Test). Pre- and post-test evaluations were conducted. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on flexibility and functional performance development in adolescent athletes and aims to support evidence-based training practices in sports sciences.
- Conditions
- Motor Performance, Anaerobic Power, Flexibility, Stretching
- Being tested
- PNF Stretching Exercise
- Keywords
- Volleyball, Adolescent Athletes, PNF Stretching, Exercise Intervention
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PNF Stretching ExerciseBehavioural
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises were applied three times per week for six weeks. The intervention included contract-relax and hold-relax techniques targeting lower extremity muscle groups, conducted in addition to regular volleyball training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| PNF Stretching Group | Experimental | Participants in this group performed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises three times per week for six weeks, in addition to their regular volleyball training. Receives: Behavioral: PNF Stretching Exercise |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants in this group continued with their regular volleyball training without any additional intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Anaerobic Power (Margaria-Kalamen Test)
Anaerobic power will be evaluated using the Margaria-Kalamen test, which measures power output based on the time taken to run up a staircase. The test will be conducted at baseline and after 6 weeks.
Measured: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Hamstring Flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test)
Hamstring flexibility will be measured with the Sit-and-Reach test. Participants sit on the floor with legs extended and reach forward. The distance reached is recorded in centimeters.
Measured: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Static Balance Performance
Static balance will be measured by having participants stand on one leg for a defined duration without support. Performance will be evaluated based on duration of balance and postural stability.
Measured: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Sprint Performance (20-m Sprint Test)
Speed performance will be measured using the 20-meter sprint test. Participants will run 20 meters at maximal effort, and the time taken will be recorded in seconds.
Measured: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Upper Body Endurance (Push-Up Test)
Upper body muscular endurance will be evaluated by counting the number of push-ups performed within 30 seconds.
Measured: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Core Endurance (Crunch Test)
Core endurance will be assessed by counting the number of crunches a participant can perform in 30 seconds.
Measured: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Apr 2025
- Study start20 Jan 2023
- Primary completion25 Mar 2023
- Study completion30 May 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Motor PerformanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The study used a parallel assignment model with two arms. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group, which received PNF stretching exercises in addition to regular training, or the control group, which continued only with standard volleyball training.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Zarife Pancar
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Zarife Pancar, University of Gaziantep
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06921772
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GAUN-SBF-PANCAR-05
- Acronym
- PNF-VMVP
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 3 Apr 2025
- Last updated
- 16 Apr 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Individual participant data (IPD) will be shared in an anonymized format. No personally identifiable information will be included. Data will be limited to outcome measures and relevant variables necessary for reproducibility and secondary analyses by qualified researchers upon reasonable request.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Apr 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Exercises on Anaerobic Power and Motor Performance in Adolescent Male Volleyball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06921772
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PNF-VMVP / GAUN-SBF-PANCAR-05
- Conditions
- Motor Performance, Anaerobic Power, Flexibility, Stretching
- Keywords
- Volleyball, Adolescent Athletes, PNF Stretching, Exercise Intervention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Zarife PancarUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 May 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled study aimed to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises on anaerobic power and motor performance in adolescent male volleyball players. Eighteen participants aged 15 to 17 years were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group performed PNF stretching exercises three times per week for six weeks, in addition to their regular volleyball training. The control group continued their standard volleyball training without PNF stretching. Outcome measures included anaerobic power, flexibility, balance, speed, push-up, and crunch tests. The study hypothesizes that PNF stretching will improve motor performance indicators in adolescent athletes.
Detailed description
This clinical trial investigates the effects of a six-week proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching intervention on motor performance in adolescent male volleyball players. A total of 18 participants with at least 6 months of volleyball training experience were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=9) and the control group (n=9). The experimental group received PNF stretching exercises in addition to their routine training three times per week for six weeks, while the control group continued only with their routine training.
The main outcome measures were anaerobic power (Margaria-Kalamen Test), flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test), balance (Flamingo Balance Test), speed (20 m sprint), upper body strength (Push-up Test), and core strength (Crunch Test). Pre- and post-test evaluations were conducted. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on flexibility and functional performance development in adolescent athletes and aims to support evidence-based training practices in sports sciences.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The study used a parallel assignment model with two arms. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group, which received PNF stretching exercises in addition to regular training, or the control group, which continued only with standard volleyball training.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| PNF Stretching Group | Experimental | Behavioral: PNF Stretching ExerciseParticipants in this group performed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises three times per week for six weeks, in addition to their regular volleyball training. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants in this group continued with their regular volleyball training without any additional intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 to 17 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Male participants
- Aged between 15 and 17 years
- At least 2 years of volleyball training experience
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study
- No recent musculoskeletal injuries (in the last 6 months)
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Participants with any diagnosed neurological or cardiovascular disorder
- Current use of performance-enhancing drugs or supplements
- History of lower extremity surgery
- Inability to complete the training or testing sessions
- Failure to provide written informed consent
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PNF Stretching ExerciseProprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching exercises were applied three times per week for six weeks. The intervention included contract-relax and hold-relax techniques targeting lower extremity muscle groups, conducted in addition to regular volleyball training. | Behavioural | PNF Stretching Group |
Primary outcome
Anaerobic Power (Margaria-Kalamen Test)
Time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Anaerobic power will be evaluated using the Margaria-Kalamen test, which measures power output based on the time taken to run up a staircase. The test will be conducted at baseline and after 6 weeks.
Hamstring Flexibility (Sit-and-Reach Test)
Time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Hamstring flexibility will be measured with the Sit-and-Reach test. Participants sit on the floor with legs extended and reach forward. The distance reached is recorded in centimeters.
Static Balance Performance
Time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Static balance will be measured by having participants stand on one leg for a defined duration without support. Performance will be evaluated based on duration of balance and postural stability.
Sprint Performance (20-m Sprint Test)
Time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Speed performance will be measured using the 20-meter sprint test. Participants will run 20 meters at maximal effort, and the time taken will be recorded in seconds.
Upper Body Endurance (Push-Up Test)
Time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Upper body muscular endurance will be evaluated by counting the number of push-ups performed within 30 seconds.
Core Endurance (Crunch Test)
Time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention
Core endurance will be assessed by counting the number of crunches a participant can perform in 30 seconds.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Apr 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Individual participant data (IPD) will be shared in an anonymized format. No personally identifiable information will be included. Data will be limited to outcome measures and relevant variables necessary for reproducibility and secondary analyses by qualified researchers upon reasonable request.
Related trials for Motor Performance
Recruiting
Early Motor-Cognitive Integrative Training on Cognitive and Motor Performance in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Subarachnoid Aneurysm Hemorrhage
Not yet recruiting
Motor Imagery and Turning Practice to Improve Mobility: Pilot Trial
Mobility Impairment, Community Dwelling Older Adults
Not yet recruiting
The Effects of Ischemic Conditioning in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson Disease
RecruitingObservational study
Predicting Future Errors During Skill Performance
Healthy
Active, not recruiting
Effects of Individualized Preferred and Higher Treadmill Walking Speeds Followed by Cognitive Training on Heart Rate Variability, Gait Performance, and Motor-Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 4-Week Retention Follow-up
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing PNF Stretching Exercise in people with Motor Performance and Anaerobic Power, run by Zarife Pancar at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Apr 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Anaerobic Power (Margaria-Kalamen Test) (time frame: Baseline and after 6-week intervention). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Apr 2025.