Health EducationNCT06930898
Improving Breast Health Knowledge Among Women Using a Gamified Metaverse-Based Platform
A study testing Gamified Mammoverse Platform and Standard Mammoverse Platform in people with Health Education and Breast Neoplasms, run by University of Malaya at 2 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Mammoverse, a gamified metaverse-based educational platform, in improving breast health knowledge among women in China. Participants were randomly assigned to either a gamified or non-gamified version of the platform. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Health Education, Breast Neoplasms
- What is being tested?
- Gamified Mammoverse Platform and Standard Mammoverse Platform
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 72 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2024to 24 Mar 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Female participants aged 18 years and above
- Able to read and understand Chinese
- Access to a digital device and stable internet connection
- Willing to provide informed consent
Who cannot join
- Cognitive impairment or mental health condition that affects participation
- Inability to complete the full intervention and follow-up sessions
- Incomplete baseline assessment
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 2 countries.
2 sites in 2 countries
China1 site
Online Recruitment - Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31000
About this study
Official title: Improving Breast Health Knowledge Among Women Using a Gamified Metaverse-Based Platform: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Mammoverse, a gamified metaverse-based educational platform, in improving breast health knowledge among women in China. Participants were randomly assigned to either a gamified or non-gamified version of the platform. Both groups received identical educational content, but only the gamified group experienced interactive game elements such as avatars, progress feedback, and rewards. Knowledge was assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 4-week follow-up. The study found that the gamified platform significantly improved knowledge retention and participant engagement compared to the non-gamified version.
This ClinicalTrials.gov registration reflects only the randomized controlled trial (RCT) portion of a broader mixed-methods study that was approved by the University of Malaya Research Ethics Committee (Ref: UM.TNC2/UMREC_3967). The full study protocol includes three methodological approaches, and this registration pertains specifically to the RCT component involving the Mammoverse platform. Other study components are not included in this registration.
Read the detailed description
Mammoverse is a 3D metaverse environment designed to promote breast health knowledge through immersive and interactive learning. The gamified version included user avatars, badges, tasks, and personalized feedback to increase motivation and engagement. The study recruited 72 women aged 18 and above, and used a pre-post-follow-up design. Outcome measures were based on an adapted 18-item Breast Health Literacy Questionnaire. The trial was conducted entirely online, with ethics approval from the University of Malaya Research Ethics Committee.
- Conditions
- Health Education, Breast Neoplasms
- Being tested
- Gamified Mammoverse Platform, Standard Mammoverse Platform
- Keywords
- Gamification, Health Education, Breast Cancer Awareness, Metaverse, Women's Health, Digital Health Literacy
- Medical subject headings
- Health Education, Breast Neoplasms
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Gamified Mammoverse PlatformBehavioural
A gamified, metaverse-based platform delivering breast health education through story-based tasks, interactive challenges, points, rewards, badges, and virtual incentives.
Standard Mammoverse PlatformBehavioural
A non-gamified version of the Mammoverse platform that provides the same breast health educational content.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Gamified Metaverse Education | Experimental | Participants in this group used the Mammoverse platform with gamified features, including story-based missions, interactive tasks, point-based rewards, achievement badges, and virtual incentives. The educational content was delivered through immersive scenarios to enhance engagement and motivation in learning about breast health. Receives: Behavioral: Gamified Mammoverse Platform |
| Non-Gamified Metaverse Education | Active comparator | Participants in this group accessed the Mammoverse platform without any gamified features. The virtual environment delivered identical breast health educational content, but without tasks, points, rewards, badges, or narrative elements. Receives: Behavioral: Standard Mammoverse Platform |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Breast Health Knowledge Score from Baseline to 4 Weeks Post-Intervention
Assessed using an 18-item adapted Breast Health Literacy Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 18, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge. Main comparison is between baseline and 4-week follow-up.
Measured: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Secondary outcomes (1)
Change in Breast Health Knowledge Score from Baseline to Immediately Post-Intervention
Same questionnaire used to assess immediate knowledge gain after the intervention.
Measured: Baseline and immediately post-intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Apr 2025
- Study start1 Dec 2024
- Primary completion1 Feb 2025
- Study completion24 Mar 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Health EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of MalayaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two parallel groups: a gamified version of the Mammoverse metaverse-based platform or a non-gamified version containing the same educational content.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 72 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Malaya
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Rui Li, PhD(c), Principal investigator, University of Malaya
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06930898
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Mammo2025-RCT01
- Other IDs
- UMREC_3967
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 8 Apr 2025
- Last updated
- 18 Apr 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Li R, Kahn SM, Duan B, Wong SY. Gamified Versus Nongamified Metaverse Learning for Breast Health Knowledge in Women: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Serious Games. 2026 Feb 13;14:e75318. doi: 10.2196/75318.
PubMed 41687006
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Apr 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Improving Breast Health Knowledge Among Women Using a Gamified Metaverse-Based Platform: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06930898
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Mammo2025-RCT01
- Conditions
- Health Education, Breast Neoplasms
- Keywords
- Gamification, Health Education, Breast Cancer Awareness, Metaverse, Women's Health, Digital Health Literacy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 72 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of MalayaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Mar 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 16 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Mammoverse, a gamified metaverse-based educational platform, in improving breast health knowledge among women in China. Participants were randomly assigned to either a gamified or non-gamified version of the platform. Both groups received identical educational content, but only the gamified group experienced interactive game elements such as avatars, progress feedback, and rewards. Knowledge was assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 4-week follow-up. The study found that the gamified platform significantly improved knowledge retention and participant engagement compared to the non-gamified version.
This ClinicalTrials.gov registration reflects only the randomized controlled trial (RCT) portion of a broader mixed-methods study that was approved by the University of Malaya Research Ethics Committee (Ref: UM.TNC2/UMREC_3967). The full study protocol includes three methodological approaches, and this registration pertains specifically to the RCT component involving the Mammoverse platform. Other study components are not included in this registration.
Detailed description
Mammoverse is a 3D metaverse environment designed to promote breast health knowledge through immersive and interactive learning. The gamified version included user avatars, badges, tasks, and personalized feedback to increase motivation and engagement. The study recruited 72 women aged 18 and above, and used a pre-post-follow-up design. Outcome measures were based on an adapted 18-item Breast Health Literacy Questionnaire. The trial was conducted entirely online, with ethics approval from the University of Malaya Research Ethics Committee.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two parallel groups: a gamified version of the Mammoverse metaverse-based platform or a non-gamified version containing the same educational content.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Gamified Metaverse Education | Experimental | Behavioral: Gamified Mammoverse PlatformParticipants in this group used the Mammoverse platform with gamified features, including story-based missions, interactive tasks, point-based rewards, achievement badges, and virtual incentives. The educational content was delivered through immersive scenarios to enhance engagement and motivation in learning about breast health. |
| Non-Gamified Metaverse Education | Active comparator | Behavioral: Standard Mammoverse PlatformParticipants in this group accessed the Mammoverse platform without any gamified features. The virtual environment delivered identical breast health educational content, but without tasks, points, rewards, badges, or narrative elements. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Female participants aged 18 years and above
- Able to read and understand Chinese
- Access to a digital device and stable internet connection
- Willing to provide informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Cognitive impairment or mental health condition that affects participation
- Inability to complete the full intervention and follow-up sessions
- Incomplete baseline assessment
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Gamified Mammoverse PlatformA gamified, metaverse-based platform delivering breast health education through story-based tasks, interactive challenges, points, rewards, badges, and virtual incentives. | Behavioural | Gamified Metaverse Education |
| Standard Mammoverse PlatformA non-gamified version of the Mammoverse platform that provides the same breast health educational content. | Behavioural | Non-Gamified Metaverse Education |
Primary outcome
Change in Breast Health Knowledge Score from Baseline to 4 Weeks Post-Intervention
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention
Assessed using an 18-item adapted Breast Health Literacy Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 18, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge. Main comparison is between baseline and 4-week follow-up.
1 secondary outcome
Change in Breast Health Knowledge Score from Baseline to Immediately Post-Intervention
Time frame: Baseline and immediately post-intervention
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Apr 2025.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 41687006Li R, Kahn SM, Duan B, Wong SY. Gamified Versus Nongamified Metaverse Learning for Breast Health Knowledge in Women: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Serious Games. 2026 Feb 13;14:e75318. doi: 10.2196/75318.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rui Li, PhD(c) principal investigator
University of Malaya
2 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Gamified Mammoverse Platform and Standard Mammoverse Platform in people with Health Education and Breast Neoplasms, run by University of Malaya at 2 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Apr 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in China, Malaysia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Breast Health Knowledge Score from Baseline to 4 Weeks Post-Intervention (time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks post-intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06930898, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Apr 2025.