Scapular DyskinesisNCT06943131
YWTL Exercises and Close Kinetic Chain Exercises in Children With Scapular Dyskinesis.
A study testing YWTL EXERCISES and Closed kinetic chain exercises in people with Scapular Dyskinesis, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Scapular dyskinesia is defined by abnormal movement or placement of the scapula, the shoulder blade, during arm movements. Physical treatment aimed at regaining appropriate scapular mechanics through strengthening exercises, postural correction, and functional movement training is typically part of management. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 9 to 12 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Scapular Dyskinesis
- What is being tested?
- YWTL EXERCISES and Closed kinetic chain exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 22 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 15 Feb 2025to 31 Jul 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 9 to 12 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Children with an age group of 9 to 12 years.
- Both genders.
- Engage in overhead sports.
- Minimum play time is 1 hour 3 times in a week.
- Positive Modified lateral scapular test
- Positive scapular dyskinesis shoulder flexion test
Show all 9Show fewer
- Positive scapular assistance test
- Shoulder and pain disabilty index (score 1 to 20 )
- Upper extremity functional use scale (score 60 to 80).
Who cannot join
- Any muscular or joint deformity.
- Scoliosis.
- Shoulder dislocation
- Post fracture.
- Neurological deficits
- Cervicobrachialgia
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Mishal Farwa
Lahore, Punjab Province, 01234
Mishal Farwa, MS-PT, 03024038228, mishalfarwa0@gmail.com
About this study
Official title: Comparison of YWTL Exercises and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises on Shoulder Pain, Disability, Upper Limb Mobility and Posture in Children With Scapular Dyskinesis.
Scapular dyskinesia is defined by abnormal movement or placement of the scapula, the shoulder blade, during arm movements. Physical treatment aimed at regaining appropriate scapular mechanics through strengthening exercises, postural correction, and functional movement training is typically part of management. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted. The study will be conducted at Unique school and on school going children in a total duration of 10 months. Sample size will be 22.There will be two study groups. A convenient sampling technique will be used. The sample which will have following characteristics will be included children with age group 9 to 12 years, positive scapular test, positive scapular assistance test, athletes who practice one hour three days a week. The sample with the following characteristics will be excluded. Any muscular or joint deformity, scoliosis, shoulder dislocation. The tools that will be included in the study are modified lateral scapular test, shoulder flexion test, shoulder and pain disability index, upper extremity functional use scale, posture and posture assessment scale, shoulder and scapular ranges.
Read the detailed description
Scapular dyskinesia is defined by abnormal movement or placement of the scapula, the shoulder blade, during arm movements. Changes in scapular kinematics, such as tipping (forward or backward tilting), winging (medial border protrusion), or general prominence during shoulder movements, are usually involved. Physical treatment aimed at regaining appropriate scapular mechanics through strengthening exercises, postural correction, and functional movement training is typically part of management. From the shoulders to the hands, proper upper limb posture is essential for both biomechanical effectiveness and the avoidance of injuries when performing tasks. In addition to maximizing mobility for daily tasks, work, sports, and leisure activities, proper posture relieves tension on muscles and joints, assuring effective performance and lowering the chance of injury. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted. The study will be conducted at Unique School Wapda Town and The Punjab School in a total duration of 10 months. Sample size will be 22.
There will be two study groups. A convenient sampling technique will be used. The sample which will have following characteristics will be included children with age group 9 to 12 years, positive scapular test, positive scapular assistance test, normal shoulder ranges, normal scapular ranges, athletes who practice one hour three days a week. The sample with the following characteristics will be excluded. Any muscular or joint deformity, scoliosis, shoulder dislocation, previous surgery of shoulder and cervicobrachialgia. The tools that will be included in the study are modified lateral scapular test, scapular dyskinesis test, shoulder flexion test, scapular assistance test, shoulder and pain disability index, upper extremity functional use scale, posture and posture assessment scale, shoulder and scapular ranges. SPSS version 27 will be used for data analysis.
- Conditions
- Scapular Dyskinesis
- Being tested
- YWTL EXERCISES, Closed kinetic chain exercises
- Keywords
- Scapular Dyskinesis, Scapulohumeral YWTL Exercises.
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
YWTL EXERCISESOther
YWTL exercises are shoulder and upper back exercises to improve posture, strengthen upper back. Each letter represents different arm position that copies shape of letter.
Closed kinetic chain exercisesOther
Closed kinetic chain exercises include corner stretch hold, sleeper stretch hold - lawn mover and robbery maneuver, Scapula clock exercises, wall wash. Low row exercise maneuver, Scapular stabilization of Black burn exercises, press up, push up.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| group 1 with YWTL exercises | Experimental | group 1 will receive YWTL exercises for alternating 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Receives: Other: YWTL EXERCISES; Other: Closed kinetic chain exercises |
| group 2 with closed kinetic chain exercises | Experimental | group 2 will receive closed kinetic chain exercises for alternating 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Receives: Other: YWTL EXERCISES; Other: Closed kinetic chain exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
modified lateral scapular test
The Modified Lateral Scapular Slide Test assesses scapular asymmetry and stability by measuring the distance between the inferior angle of the scapula and the spine in various arm positions.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
scapular dyskinesis test
The Scapular Dyskinesis Test evaluates abnormal scapular movement patterns during shoulder motion to identify dysfunction.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
shoulder flexion test
The Shoulder Flexion Test assesses the range of motion and flexibility of the shoulder joint as the arm is raised overhead.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
scapular assistance test
The Scapular Assistance Test evaluates the effect of manually assisting scapular motion on shoulder pain and function during arm elevation.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
shoulder and pain disability index
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a self-reported questionnaire that measures the pain and functional impairment associated with shoulder disorders.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
upper extremity functional use scale
The Upper Extremity Functional Use Scale assesses the frequency and quality of functional use of the affected upper limb in daily activities.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
posture and posture assessment scale
The Posture and Postural Ability Scale includes items for measuring posture as well as a 7-point ordinal scale for postural ability in supine, prone, sitting, and standing
Measured: pre reading(1st week) , post reading (6th week)
shoulder ranges
Shoulder ranges refer to the degrees of motion the shoulder joint can achieve in various directions, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Measured: pre reading(1st week) , post reading (6th week)
scapular ranges
Scapular ranges are the measurable degrees of movement the scapula performs during shoulder motions, including elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, and rotation.
Measured: pre reading(1st week), post reading (6th week)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Apr 2025
- Study start15 Feb 2025
- Primary completion15 Jul 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Jul 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Scapular DyskinesisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- A randomized clinical trial will be performed, in which 22 children with scapular dyskinesis with age 9 to 12 years will be taken after screening and meeting inclusion criteria. children will be divided into 2 groups. group 1 will receive YWTL exercises for alternating 3 days a week. Group 2 will receive closed kinetic chain exercises for alternating 3 days a week. Pre values were taken at 1st week and then post values of intervention will be taken after 6th week of intervention to measure the effect of both therapies.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 22 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Mishal Farwa, MS-PT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06943131
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0728
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 17 Apr 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Apr 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Teixeira DC, Alves L, Gutierres M. The role of scapular dyskinesis on rotator cuff tears: a narrative review of the current knowledge. EFORT Open Rev. 2021 Oct 19;6(10):932-940. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210043. eCollection 2021 Oct.
PubMed 34760292Hogan C, Corbett JA, Ashton S, Perraton L, Frame R, Dakic J. Scapular Dyskinesis Is Not an Isolated Risk Factor for Shoulder Injury in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med. 2021 Aug;49(10):2843-2853. doi: 10.1177/0363546520968508. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
PubMed 33211975Otoshi K, Kikuchi S, Kato K, Sato R, Igari T, Kaga T, Konno S. The prevalence of scapular malalignment in elementally school aged baseball player and its association to shoulder disorder. J Orthop Sci. 2018 Nov;23(6):942-947. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2018.07.006. Epub 2018 Aug 4.
PubMed 300870154. Mahale A, Bisen R, Kalra K. Prevalence of Scapular Dyskinesia in Elite Badminton Players in Pune. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2020;10(11):127-34.
Joseph R, Alenabi T, Lulic T, Dickerson CR. Activation of Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus Partitions and Periscapular Musculature During Rehabilitative Elastic Resistance Exercises. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2019 May;98(5):407-415. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001116.
PubMed 30550457Gianakos AL, Abdelmoneim A, Kerkhoffs G, Mulcahey MK. Rehabilitation and Return to Sport of Female Athletes. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2022 Jan 28;4(1):e247-e253. doi: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.09.040. eCollection 2022 Jan.
PubMed 35141558
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Apr 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of YWTL Exercises and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises on Shoulder Pain, Disability, Upper Limb Mobility and Posture in Children With Scapular Dyskinesis.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06943131
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/24/0728
- Conditions
- Scapular Dyskinesis
- Keywords
- Scapular Dyskinesis, Scapulohumeral YWTL Exercises.
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 22 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Jul 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Jul 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Scapular dyskinesia is defined by abnormal movement or placement of the scapula, the shoulder blade, during arm movements. Physical treatment aimed at regaining appropriate scapular mechanics through strengthening exercises, postural correction, and functional movement training is typically part of management. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted. The study will be conducted at Unique school and on school going children in a total duration of 10 months. Sample size will be 22.There will be two study groups. A convenient sampling technique will be used. The sample which will have following characteristics will be included children with age group 9 to 12 years, positive scapular test, positive scapular assistance test, athletes who practice one hour three days a week. The sample with the following characteristics will be excluded. Any muscular or joint deformity, scoliosis, shoulder dislocation. The tools that will be included in the study are modified lateral scapular test, shoulder flexion test, shoulder and pain disability index, upper extremity functional use scale, posture and posture assessment scale, shoulder and scapular ranges.
Detailed description
Scapular dyskinesia is defined by abnormal movement or placement of the scapula, the shoulder blade, during arm movements. Changes in scapular kinematics, such as tipping (forward or backward tilting), winging (medial border protrusion), or general prominence during shoulder movements, are usually involved. Physical treatment aimed at regaining appropriate scapular mechanics through strengthening exercises, postural correction, and functional movement training is typically part of management. From the shoulders to the hands, proper upper limb posture is essential for both biomechanical effectiveness and the avoidance of injuries when performing tasks. In addition to maximizing mobility for daily tasks, work, sports, and leisure activities, proper posture relieves tension on muscles and joints, assuring effective performance and lowering the chance of injury. A randomized clinical trial will be conducted. The study will be conducted at Unique School Wapda Town and The Punjab School in a total duration of 10 months. Sample size will be 22.
There will be two study groups. A convenient sampling technique will be used. The sample which will have following characteristics will be included children with age group 9 to 12 years, positive scapular test, positive scapular assistance test, normal shoulder ranges, normal scapular ranges, athletes who practice one hour three days a week. The sample with the following characteristics will be excluded. Any muscular or joint deformity, scoliosis, shoulder dislocation, previous surgery of shoulder and cervicobrachialgia. The tools that will be included in the study are modified lateral scapular test, scapular dyskinesis test, shoulder flexion test, scapular assistance test, shoulder and pain disability index, upper extremity functional use scale, posture and posture assessment scale, shoulder and scapular ranges. SPSS version 27 will be used for data analysis.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- A randomized clinical trial will be performed, in which 22 children with scapular dyskinesis with age 9 to 12 years will be taken after screening and meeting inclusion criteria. children will be divided into 2 groups. group 1 will receive YWTL exercises for alternating 3 days a week. Group 2 will receive closed kinetic chain exercises for alternating 3 days a week. Pre values were taken at 1st week and then post values of intervention will be taken after 6th week of intervention to measure the effect of both therapies.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| group 1 with YWTL exercises | Experimental | Other: YWTL EXERCISES, Other: Closed kinetic chain exercisesgroup 1 will receive YWTL exercises for alternating 3 days a week for 6 weeks. |
| group 2 with closed kinetic chain exercises | Experimental | Other: YWTL EXERCISES, Other: Closed kinetic chain exercisesgroup 2 will receive closed kinetic chain exercises for alternating 3 days a week for 6 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 9 to 12 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Children with an age group of 9 to 12 years.
- Both genders.
- Engage in overhead sports.
- Minimum play time is 1 hour 3 times in a week.
- Positive Modified lateral scapular test
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Any muscular or joint deformity.
- Scoliosis.
- Shoulder dislocation
- Post fracture.
- Neurological deficits
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| YWTL EXERCISESYWTL exercises are shoulder and upper back exercises to improve posture, strengthen upper back. Each letter represents different arm position that copies shape of letter. | Other | group 1 with YWTL exercises, group 2 with closed kinetic chain exercises |
| Closed kinetic chain exercisesClosed kinetic chain exercises include corner stretch hold, sleeper stretch hold - lawn mover and robbery maneuver, Scapula clock exercises, wall wash. Low row exercise maneuver, Scapular stabilization of Black burn exercises, press up, push up. | Other | group 1 with YWTL exercises, group 2 with closed kinetic chain exercises |
Primary outcome
modified lateral scapular test
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
The Modified Lateral Scapular Slide Test assesses scapular asymmetry and stability by measuring the distance between the inferior angle of the scapula and the spine in various arm positions.
scapular dyskinesis test
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
The Scapular Dyskinesis Test evaluates abnormal scapular movement patterns during shoulder motion to identify dysfunction.
shoulder flexion test
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
The Shoulder Flexion Test assesses the range of motion and flexibility of the shoulder joint as the arm is raised overhead.
scapular assistance test
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
The Scapular Assistance Test evaluates the effect of manually assisting scapular motion on shoulder pain and function during arm elevation.
shoulder and pain disability index
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a self-reported questionnaire that measures the pain and functional impairment associated with shoulder disorders.
upper extremity functional use scale
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)
The Upper Extremity Functional Use Scale assesses the frequency and quality of functional use of the affected upper limb in daily activities.
posture and posture assessment scale
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) , post reading (6th week)
The Posture and Postural Ability Scale includes items for measuring posture as well as a 7-point ordinal scale for postural ability in supine, prone, sitting, and standing
shoulder ranges
Time frame: pre reading(1st week) , post reading (6th week)
Shoulder ranges refer to the degrees of motion the shoulder joint can achieve in various directions, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
scapular ranges
Time frame: pre reading(1st week), post reading (6th week)
Scapular ranges are the measurable degrees of movement the scapula performs during shoulder motions, including elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, and rotation.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Apr 2025.
- Background: PubMed 34760292Teixeira DC, Alves L, Gutierres M. The role of scapular dyskinesis on rotator cuff tears: a narrative review of the current knowledge. EFORT Open Rev. 2021 Oct 19;6(10):932-940. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210043. eCollection 2021 Oct.
- Background: PubMed 33211975Hogan C, Corbett JA, Ashton S, Perraton L, Frame R, Dakic J. Scapular Dyskinesis Is Not an Isolated Risk Factor for Shoulder Injury in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med. 2021 Aug;49(10):2843-2853. doi: 10.1177/0363546520968508. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
- Background: PubMed 30087015Otoshi K, Kikuchi S, Kato K, Sato R, Igari T, Kaga T, Konno S. The prevalence of scapular malalignment in elementally school aged baseball player and its association to shoulder disorder. J Orthop Sci. 2018 Nov;23(6):942-947. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2018.07.006. Epub 2018 Aug 4.
- Background4. Mahale A, Bisen R, Kalra K. Prevalence of Scapular Dyskinesia in Elite Badminton Players in Pune. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2020;10(11):127-34.
- Background: PubMed 30550457Joseph R, Alenabi T, Lulic T, Dickerson CR. Activation of Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus Partitions and Periscapular Musculature During Rehabilitative Elastic Resistance Exercises. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2019 May;98(5):407-415. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001116.
- Background: PubMed 35141558Gianakos AL, Abdelmoneim A, Kerkhoffs G, Mulcahey MK. Rehabilitation and Return to Sport of Female Athletes. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2022 Jan 28;4(1):e247-e253. doi: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.09.040. eCollection 2022 Jan.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Mishal Farwa, MS-PT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing YWTL EXERCISES and Closed kinetic chain exercises in people with Scapular Dyskinesis, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Apr 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Imran Amjad, PHD (9233224390125, imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
modified lateral scapular test (time frame: pre reading(1st week) post reading (6th week)). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06943131, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Apr 2025.