Nursing StudentsEXSLEEPQUALITYNCT06948643
The Effect of Exergames on Sleep Quality
A study testing Play the Oculus Quest 2 in people with Nursing Students, run by Bartın Unıversity at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
University students are at risk of developing insufficient sleep and poor lifestyle behaviors. Sleep-related problems are frequently seen in nursing students. Regular exercise has a positive effect on sleep quality. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nursing Students
- What is being tested?
- Play the Oculus Quest 2
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2023to 31 Dec 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being a nursing program student,
- Willingness to participate in the study.
Who cannot join
- Having any cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or other physical conditions that could prevent participation in a 30-minute exercise session.
- Being diagnosed with a sleep disorder
- Using medications that effect sleep, the autonomic nervous system, or the cardiovascular system, such as hypnotics
- Having any upper extremity injury or similar condition that would prevent the use of an actigraph device
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Exergames on Sleep Quality in Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
University students are at risk of developing insufficient sleep and poor lifestyle behaviors. Sleep-related problems are frequently seen in nursing students. Regular exercise has a positive effect on sleep quality. In recent years, developing technological opportunities have led educators to seek different solutions in education, guidance, and counseling services aimed at protecting and improving the health of individuals. As the popularity of VR technology increases, it has a high potential to increase physical activity and improve sleep quality in university students. In the current literature, studies examining the level of physical activity and sleep quality of nursing students using VR virtual glasses are limited. This study aims to examine the effect of virtual reality exercise applications on nursing students' sleep quality and physical activity. This study was planned as a pre-test and post-test control group study. The study population comprises 60 students from the Department of Nursing and the Faculty of Health Sciences. Since the study population is accessible, no sample calculation will be made, and all students who volunteer to participate in the study and meet the inclusion criteria will be included. Randomization will divide students who meet the inclusion criteria into experimental and control groups. The aim of the study and the application will be explained to the students in the experimental group at the first meeting. They will be asked to sign written informed consent, and they will fill out data collection forms. Three sessions are planned for each student in the experimental group. Each session is planned to be held with an average interval of 96-120 hours (every 4-5 days). Data collection forms will be repeated for the students in the experimental group at the end of the third session. The aim of the study will be explained to the students in the control group at the first meeting. They will be asked to sign written informed consent, and they will fill out data collection forms. At the end of 14 days, actigraphs will be received from the control group, and post-tests will be applied. Descriptive statistics of the study data will be reported by giving numbers, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. Student t-tests, ANOVA or Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests will be used to compare groups regarding the normal distribution of the data. Pearson chi-square test and Fisher exact chi-square test will be used to compare nominal or ordinal data groups.
- Conditions
- Nursing Students
- Being tested
- Play the Oculus Quest 2
- Keywords
- exergame, Nursing student, sleep quality
- Medical subject headings
- Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Play the Oculus Quest 2Other
Every three to four days (roughly 72 to 96 18 19 hours), a session was held. Students were required to use the Oculus Quest 2 and touch controllers to play immersive exergames for thirty minutes during each session. In each session, they were asked to play the games Dance Central (https://www.dancecentral.com/ ) and CREED: Rise to Glory (which the researchers loaded into the Oculus Quest 2) via the Meta Quest Gaming platform (https://www.meta.com/tr-tr/experiences/creed-rise-to27 glory-championship-edition/2366245336750543/ ).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Play the Oculus Quest 2 games Receives: Other: Play the Oculus Quest 2 |
| Control | No intervention | Standard physical activity recommendations |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
sleep quality
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), developed by Buysse et al. and validated for reliability in Turkish, will be used to assess the usual sleep quality of the experimental and control groups to evaluate their homogeneity before the intervention (Ağargün et al., 1996). The PSQI evaluates seven components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of these seven components forms the total PSQI score. The total PSQI score ranges from 0 to 21, with lower scores indicating better sleep quality.
Measured: Baseline and 8th day
Secondary outcomes (2)
Sleep efficiency
Wrist actigraphy: Wrist actigraphy was used to assess the objective sleep, which is frequently used to assess each person's level of physical activity and sleep quality in adults. Each participant in the study wore an actigraph (GT3X-Plus three-axis model, ActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA) on their non-dominant wrist. The device was adjusted to 1-minute epochs and 30 Hz in the current study. Activity counts were analyzed using ActiLife software (version 6.13.6) based on the sleep diary entries, and the Cole-Kripke algorithm was used to score sleep on actigraphy data in order to predict bedtime and waking time. The following metric was extracted from the actigraphy-based data: sleep efficiency (SE).
Measured: Baseline and 8th day
Wake after sleep onset (WASO)
Wrist actigraphy: Wrist actigraphy was used to assess the objective sleep, which is frequently used to assess each person's level of physical activity and sleep quality in adults. Each participant in the study wore an actigraph (GT3X-Plus three-axis model, ActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA) on their non-dominant wrist. The device was adjusted to 1-minute epochs and 30 Hz in the current study. Activity counts were analyzed using ActiLife software (version 6.13.6) based on the sleep diary entries, and the Cole-Kripke algorithm was used to score sleep on actigraphy data in order to predict bedtime and waking time. The following metric was extracted from the actigraphy-based data: wake after sleep onset (WASO).
Measured: Baseline and 8th day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Apr 2025
- Study start1 Sep 2023
- Primary completion1 Jun 2024
- Study completion31 Dec 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Nursing StudentsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Bartın Unıversity
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Feyza Demir Bozkurt, Bartın Unıversity
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06948643
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- BU-NURSE-FDB-01
- Acronym
- EXSLEEPQUALITY
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 7 Apr 2025
- Last updated
- 1 May 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 May 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Exergames on Sleep Quality in Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06948643
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- EXSLEEPQUALITY / BU-NURSE-FDB-01
- Conditions
- Nursing Students
- Keywords
- exergame, Nursing student, sleep quality
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Bartın UnıversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jun 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
University students are at risk of developing insufficient sleep and poor lifestyle behaviors. Sleep-related problems are frequently seen in nursing students. Regular exercise has a positive effect on sleep quality. In recent years, developing technological opportunities have led educators to seek different solutions in education, guidance, and counseling services aimed at protecting and improving the health of individuals. As the popularity of VR technology increases, it has a high potential to increase physical activity and improve sleep quality in university students. In the current literature, studies examining the level of physical activity and sleep quality of nursing students using VR virtual glasses are limited. This study aims to examine the effect of virtual reality exercise applications on nursing students' sleep quality and physical activity. This study was planned as a pre-test and post-test control group study. The study population comprises 60 students from the Department of Nursing and the Faculty of Health Sciences. Since the study population is accessible, no sample calculation will be made, and all students who volunteer to participate in the study and meet the inclusion criteria will be included. Randomization will divide students who meet the inclusion criteria into experimental and control groups. The aim of the study and the application will be explained to the students in the experimental group at the first meeting. They will be asked to sign written informed consent, and they will fill out data collection forms. Three sessions are planned for each student in the experimental group. Each session is planned to be held with an average interval of 96-120 hours (every 4-5 days). Data collection forms will be repeated for the students in the experimental group at the end of the third session. The aim of the study will be explained to the students in the control group at the first meeting. They will be asked to sign written informed consent, and they will fill out data collection forms. At the end of 14 days, actigraphs will be received from the control group, and post-tests will be applied. Descriptive statistics of the study data will be reported by giving numbers, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. Student t-tests, ANOVA or Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests will be used to compare groups regarding the normal distribution of the data. Pearson chi-square test and Fisher exact chi-square test will be used to compare nominal or ordinal data groups.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Other: Play the Oculus Quest 2Play the Oculus Quest 2 games |
| Control | No intervention | –Standard physical activity recommendations |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Being a nursing program student,
- Willingness to participate in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Having any cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or other physical conditions that could prevent participation in a 30-minute exercise session.
- Being diagnosed with a sleep disorder
- Using medications that effect sleep, the autonomic nervous system, or the cardiovascular system, such as hypnotics
- Having any upper extremity injury or similar condition that would prevent the use of an actigraph device
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Play the Oculus Quest 2Every three to four days (roughly 72 to 96 18 19 hours), a session was held. Students were required to use the Oculus Quest 2 and touch controllers to play immersive exergames for thirty minutes during each session. In each session, they were asked to play the games Dance Central (https://www.dancecentral.com/ ) and CREED: Rise to Glory (which the researchers loaded into the Oculus Quest 2) via the Meta Quest Gaming platform (https://www.meta.com/tr-tr/experiences/creed-rise-to27 glory-championship-edition/2366245336750543/ ). | Other | Intervention |
Primary outcome
sleep quality
Time frame: Baseline and 8th day
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), developed by Buysse et al. and validated for reliability in Turkish, will be used to assess the usual sleep quality of the experimental and control groups to evaluate their homogeneity before the intervention (Ağargün et al., 1996). The PSQI evaluates seven components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of these seven components forms the total PSQI score. The total PSQI score ranges from 0 to 21, with lower scores indicating better sleep quality.
2 secondary outcomes
Sleep efficiency
Time frame: Baseline and 8th day
Wake after sleep onset (WASO)
Time frame: Baseline and 8th day
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 May 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Play the Oculus Quest 2 in people with Nursing Students, run by Bartın Unıversity at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 May 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
sleep quality (time frame: Baseline and 8th day). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 May 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 1 Nov 2026.