Family Navigator Plus for Foster Parents

The Parent-Patient Activation Measure - Mental Health measures parent activation, defined as the knowledge, ability, and confidence to manage their child's mental health care. It consists of 13 items on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1-4. Item scores are summed for a total composite score ranging from 13 -52. Composite scores are linearly transformed into scores ranging from 0 - 100. Higher scores indicate higher activation in managing their child's mental health care. PP-PAM-MH internal consistency is adequate, alpha = .89; Item-measures correlations ranged from moderate to large, with a median correlation of .61. The P-PAM-MH is positively correlated with measures of empowerment and negatively correlated with measures of strain.

The Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale (BTPS; Kazdin et al., 1997), was designed to assess parent's perceptions of barriers to mental health treatment engagement for their children. The scale consists of two sections. The first section contains four subscales that measure the following constructs: stressors and obstacles that compete with treatment (20 items), treatment demands and issues (10 items), perceived relevance of treatment (8 items), and relationship with the therapist (6 items). Response options for these 44 items range from 1 (Never a problem) to 5 (Very often a problem). The second section includes 14 discrete events associated with early treatment termination. Response options for this section include yes and no. Higher scores on the measure indicate more barriers to treatment participation. Scores on the BTPS have been associated with multiple indices measuring the child's participation in treatment. Internal consistency for total score is α =.95, and subscales r

The PROMIS Parent Proxy Depressive Symptoms Short Form 8a measures negative mood and views of self, social cognition, and decreased positive affect and engagement in pediatric populations aged 5- to 17-years old (Irwin, et al., 2012). Parents respond to 8 items assessing their child's symptoms of depression. Response options range from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always). Higher scores indicate higher levels of depressive symptoms. Scores are reported as T-scores ranging from 35-82, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10 in the sample referenced (Irwin et al, 2010). Higher scores indicate higher levels of depressive symptoms. Parent proxy measures were created using Item Response Theory to support theoretically maximized reliability and validity across the trait being measured. Parent proxy scores were strongly univocal with 89% of the general variance explained by the scale's general factor. Internal consistency is adequate at .90.

The PROMIS Parent Proxy Anxiety Short Form 8a measures symptoms of fear, anxious misery, hyperarousal, and somatic symptoms related to arousal among pediatric populations aged 5- to 17-years old (Irwin, et al., 2012). Parents respond to 8 items assessing their child's symptoms of anxiety. Response options range from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always). Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety. Scores are reported as T-scores ranging from 32-84, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10 in the sample referenced (Irwin et al, 2010). Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety. The measure was created using Item Response Theory to support theoretically maximized reliability and validity across the trait being measured. The parent proxy version was validated against other proxy measures to ensure content and discriminant validity. Parent proxy scores were strongly univocal with 87% of the general variance explained by the scale's general factor. Internal consistency = .90.

The Pediatric Symptom Checklist - 17 (PSC-17) was designed to assess psychosocial function in children. The measures includes three subscales that assess symptoms associated with internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems. Response options range from 0 (Never) to 2 (Often). The parent report version is used with children aged 5- to 17- years. T scores range from 0-34, with at or above 15 indicating the presence of a psychosocial impairment. Internalizing or Attention subscale scores at or above 5, and Externalizing scores at or above 7, indicate impairment. The measure has been validated in the general child population. Parent-reported internal consistency range from .79-.83, and overall reliability as .89. A large-scale replication study confirmed reliability was high, with both internal consistency and test-retest reliability both at, or above, 0.85 on the parent report form.