Adolescent BehaviorNCT06979349
Respiration and Balance in Adolescent Volleyball Players
An observational study of Adolescent Behavior and Athletic Injuries, run by Izmir Democracy University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
A volleyball player with high respiratory muscle endurance can perform at a high level of efficiency during competitions without experiencing fatigue. However, no study has been found in the literature examining respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance parameters in… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 10 to 19 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Adolescent Behavior, Athletic Injuries
- What is being tested?
- Physical Evaluations in Players
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 19 May 2024to 23 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 10 to 19 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Study population: Adolescent Volleyball Players consist of research group.
Who may be able to join
- Being between the ages of 10-19
- Being actively involved in volleyball for at least 1 year
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study
- Volleyball player's parent approving participation in the study
Who cannot join
- Have been admitted to hospital with a musculoskeletal injury in the last 3 months
- Have any known neurological, orthopedic, rheumatic, and/or cardiovascular disease
- Have been involved in a sport other than volleyball for at least 1 year
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Izmir Democracy University
Konak, İ̇zmi̇r, 35140
About this study
Official title: Respiratory Muscle Strength, Respiratory Muscle Endurance, Cough Strength and Balance in Adolescent Volleyball Players
A volleyball player with high respiratory muscle endurance can perform at a high level of efficiency during competitions without experiencing fatigue. However, no study has been found in the literature examining respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance parameters in adolescent volleyball players which was therefore aimed to investigate the potential relationship between these parameters in this study.
Read the detailed description
Professional sports performance in adolescent volleyball players who have not yet completed their developmental period may be affected in terms of respiratory muscle strength and endurance, cough strength and balance. However, no study has been found in the literature investigating the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance in adolescent volleyball players and these parameters. Therefore, the aim of our study is to determine the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance in adolescent volleyball players.
- Conditions
- Adolescent Behavior, Athletic Injuries
- Being tested
- Physical Evaluations in Players
- Keywords
- adolescent, volleyball, respiratory muscle, cough, balance
- Medical subject headings
- Adolescent Behavior, Athletic Injuries, Cough
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Physical Evaluations in PlayersOther
Respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength or balance will be evaluated in adolescent volleyball players.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Adolescent Volleyball Players | The group consists of volleyball players who have been actively playing volleyball for at least 1 year and between the ages of 10 and 19 Receives: Other: Physical Evaluations in Players |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Respiratory muscle strength assessment
Respiratory muscle strength will be measured using a portable spirometer. The pressure will be recorded during a few seconds of maximal inspiration (Müller maneuver) or expiration (Valsalva maneuver) through the mouth.The high value obtained indicates good muscle strength.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Secondary outcomes (3)
Respiratory muscle endurance assessment
The respiratory muscle endurance test at increasing threshold load will be measured using POWERbreathe Wellness® Classic Light Resistance device. If the volleyball player cannot continue the test for 10 minutes, the last pressure value at which he can continue ventilation for 2 minutes will be recorded as the respiratory muscle endurance value. Being able to sustain the test for a long time indicates good respiratory muscle endurance.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Evaluation of Cough Strength
The volleyball player's peak cough expiratory flow value will be evaluated using a peak flow meter. The best of at least three repetitions will be recorded. The highest value indicates good cough strength.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Balance Assessment
Balance will be assessed using the Functional Reach Test (FUT). Volleyball players will reach forward from the waist to the wall. The highest reach value will be recorded.The highest value indicates good balance.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 May 2025
- Study start19 May 2024
- Primary completion30 May 2026
- Study completion23 Jul 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Adolescent BehaviorStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Izmir Democracy University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gulsah Bargi, Izmir Democracy University
- Investigators
- GÜLŞAH BARGI, Study director, Izmir Democracy UniversityÖZLEM ÇİNAR ÖZDEMİR, Prof Dr, Principal investigator, Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityCEMRE GÖRÜNMEZOĞLU, MSc, Principal investigator, Izmir Democracy UniversityELİF YEŞİLAY BÜYÜKDERE, MSc, Principal investigator, Goztepe Sport Club
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06979349
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Adolescent Volleyball Players
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 16 May 2025
- Last updated
- 27 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Tiaprapong K, Sirikul A, Krajangmek C, Duangthongkul N, Pandam N, Piya-Amornphan N. Awareness of COVID-19 influences on the wellness of Thai health professional students: An ambulatory assessment during the early "new normal" informing policy. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 14;16(6):e0252681. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252681. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 34125868Fink JB. Forced expiratory technique, directed cough, and autogenic drainage. Respir Care. 2007 Sep;52(9):1210-21; discussion 1221-3.
PubMed 17716387Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990 Nov;45(6):M192-7. doi: 10.1093/geronj/45.6.m192.
PubMed 2229941Celik Z, Guzel NA, Yuksel F, Kafa N. Lung age and respiratory muscle strength in female volleyball players. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2021 Oct;67(10):1432-1436. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210639.
PubMed 35018971American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society. ATS/ERS Statement on respiratory muscle testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug 15;166(4):518-624. doi: 10.1164/rccm.166.4.518. No abstract available.
PubMed 12186831Bahat G, Tufan A, Ozkaya H, Tufan F, Akpinar TS, Akin S, Bahat Z, Kaya Z, Kiyan E, Erten N, Karan MA. Relation between hand grip strength, respiratory muscle strength and spirometric measures in male nursing home residents. Aging Male. 2014 Sep;17(3):136-40. doi: 10.3109/13685538.2014.936001. Epub 2014 Jul 4.
PubMed 24993454
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Respiratory Muscle Strength, Respiratory Muscle Endurance, Cough Strength and Balance in Adolescent Volleyball Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06979349
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Adolescent Volleyball Players
- Conditions
- Adolescent Behavior, Athletic Injuries
- Keywords
- adolescent, volleyball, respiratory muscle, cough, balance
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Izmir Democracy UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 19 May 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 May 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Jul 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 May 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
A volleyball player with high respiratory muscle endurance can perform at a high level of efficiency during competitions without experiencing fatigue. However, no study has been found in the literature examining respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance parameters in adolescent volleyball players which was therefore aimed to investigate the potential relationship between these parameters in this study.
Detailed description
Professional sports performance in adolescent volleyball players who have not yet completed their developmental period may be affected in terms of respiratory muscle strength and endurance, cough strength and balance. However, no study has been found in the literature investigating the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance in adolescent volleyball players and these parameters. Therefore, the aim of our study is to determine the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength and balance in adolescent volleyball players.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Adolescent Volleyball Players | – | Other: Physical Evaluations in PlayersThe group consists of volleyball players who have been actively playing volleyball for at least 1 year and between the ages of 10 and 19 |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 10 to 19 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
- Study population
- Adolescent Volleyball Players consist of research group.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Being between the ages of 10-19
- Being actively involved in volleyball for at least 1 year
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study
- Volleyball player's parent approving participation in the study
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Have been admitted to hospital with a musculoskeletal injury in the last 3 months
- Have any known neurological, orthopedic, rheumatic, and/or cardiovascular disease
- Have been involved in a sport other than volleyball for at least 1 year
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Physical Evaluations in PlayersRespiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength or balance will be evaluated in adolescent volleyball players. | Other | Adolescent Volleyball Players |
Primary outcome
Respiratory muscle strength assessment
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Respiratory muscle strength will be measured using a portable spirometer. The pressure will be recorded during a few seconds of maximal inspiration (Müller maneuver) or expiration (Valsalva maneuver) through the mouth.The high value obtained indicates good muscle strength.
3 secondary outcomes
Respiratory muscle endurance assessment
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Evaluation of Cough Strength
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Balance Assessment
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Jul 2026.
- Background: PubMed 34125868Tiaprapong K, Sirikul A, Krajangmek C, Duangthongkul N, Pandam N, Piya-Amornphan N. Awareness of COVID-19 influences on the wellness of Thai health professional students: An ambulatory assessment during the early "new normal" informing policy. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 14;16(6):e0252681. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252681. eCollection 2021.
- Background: PubMed 17716387Fink JB. Forced expiratory technique, directed cough, and autogenic drainage. Respir Care. 2007 Sep;52(9):1210-21; discussion 1221-3.
- Background: PubMed 2229941Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990 Nov;45(6):M192-7. doi: 10.1093/geronj/45.6.m192.
- Background: PubMed 35018971Celik Z, Guzel NA, Yuksel F, Kafa N. Lung age and respiratory muscle strength in female volleyball players. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2021 Oct;67(10):1432-1436. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210639.
- Background: PubMed 12186831American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society. ATS/ERS Statement on respiratory muscle testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug 15;166(4):518-624. doi: 10.1164/rccm.166.4.518. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 24993454Bahat G, Tufan A, Ozkaya H, Tufan F, Akpinar TS, Akin S, Bahat Z, Kaya Z, Kiyan E, Erten N, Karan MA. Relation between hand grip strength, respiratory muscle strength and spirometric measures in male nursing home residents. Aging Male. 2014 Sep;17(3):136-40. doi: 10.3109/13685538.2014.936001. Epub 2014 Jul 4.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
GÜLŞAH BARGI study director
Izmir Democracy University
ÖZLEM ÇİNAR ÖZDEMİR, Prof Dr principal investigator
Abant Izzet Baysal University
CEMRE GÖRÜNMEZOĞLU, MSc principal investigator
Izmir Democracy University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Adolescent Behavior and Athletic Injuries, run by Izmir Democracy University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Respiratory muscle strength assessment (time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06979349, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Jul 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.