Injury;SportsNCT06996990
Injury Risk Factors in Volleyball Players
An observational study of Injury;Sports and Athletic Injuries, run by Izmir Democracy University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between injury risk and pain, fatigue, muscle strength, balance and quality of life in volleyball players. In this context, it will be investigated how the pain and fatigue levels experienced by volleyball players interact with muscle strength and balance and how… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 days and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Injury;Sports, Athletic Injuries
- What is being tested?
- Physical evaluations in Volleyball Players
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 30 May 2025to 15 May 2027
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 days and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: The population of the research consists of elite athletes and the sample of the research consists of elite volleyball players who volunteered to participate in the research. In our research, there is only one research group consisting of elite volleyball players and there are at least 28 volleyball players.
Who may be able to join
- Be over 18 years old and volunteer
- Have not had any upper or lower extremity injuries in the last 3 months
- Have not had any upper or lower extremity surgery in the last 6 months
- Play volleyball professionally
Who cannot join
- Having had a lower or upper extremity injury in the last 3 months
- Having had upper or lower extremity surgery in the last 6 months
- Being pregnant
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Izmir Democracy University
Izmir, 35140
Gülşah BARĞI, Assoc Prof, +905317938766, gulsah.bargi@idu.edu.tr
About this study
Official title: The Relationship Between Injury Risk and Pain, Fatigue, Muscle Strength, Balance and Quality of Life in Volleyball Players
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between injury risk and pain, fatigue, muscle strength, balance and quality of life in volleyball players. In this context, it will be investigated how the pain and fatigue levels experienced by volleyball players interact with muscle strength and balance and how these factors increase the risk of injury.
Read the detailed description
Musculoskeletal injuries are highly prevalent among volleyball players and this may be due to the interaction of various physical and subjective factors. Although some risk factors such as muscle strength and balance have been previously investigated, there is limited data on how these parameters together relate to injury risk and athlete health. In this cross-sectional study, standardized tests and self-report questionnaires will be administered to a sample of competitive volleyball players.
- Conditions
- Injury;Sports, Athletic Injuries
- Being tested
- Physical evaluations in Volleyball Players
- Keywords
- Pain, Fatigue, Muscle Strength, Balance, Quality of Life, Volleyball, Sport Injury
- Medical subject headings
- Athletic Injuries, Pain, Fatigue
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Physical evaluations in Volleyball PlayersOther
This study will evaluate pain, fatigue, muscle strength, balance and quality of life in volleyball players. All these measurements will be completed in two sessions lasting 45-60 minutes.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Volleyball Players | This group will consist of active volleyball players competing at a regional or national level. Participants will undergo one-time assessments including muscle strength, balance, fatigue, pain levels, and quality of life. Receives: Other: Physical evaluations in Volleyball Players |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Injury risc assessment
The Functional Movement Screening Test will be used to assess injury risc in athletes. Seven exercises are used in this test. Each movement is scored on a scale from 0 to 3, with a maximum total score of 21. As the score from this test increases, the risk of injury decreases.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Secondary outcomes (8)
Pain intensity evaluation
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale, where participants rate their pain intensity from 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximum pain).
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Fatigue assessment
The Perceived Physical and Cognitive Fatigue Scale will be used to assess athletes' physical and cognitive fatigue. The scale has 19 items, scored ranging from 19 to 95. Higher scores indicate increased perceived fatigue levels.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Muscle Strength Measurement
The lower extremity muscle strength of athletes will be assessed using isokinetic test. Each maximal voluntary contraction will involve the athlete contracting as hard and as fast as possible from full extension to full flexion.Higher values indicate better muscle strength.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Hand Grip Strength measurement
Hand grip strength will be assessed using a hand dynamometer. Participants will perform three trials on each hand . The maximum grip strength value for each hand will be analysed.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Respiratory Muscle Strength measurement
Respiratory muscle strength will be evaluated using a spirometer. Athletes will perform maximal inspiration (Müller maneuver) and expiration (Valsalva maneuver) to obtain measurements. The highest value will be used for analysis.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Cough force measurement
Cough force will be assessed using a peak flow meter. The highest value of three attempts will be recorded. The high value obtained indicates good cough strength.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Balance evaluation
Balance will be assessed using the Y-Balance Test, and the average distance reached will be recorded.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Quality of Life (SF-36 or WHOQOL-BREF)
The Short Form-36 (SF-36) will be used to assess quality of life. total score is scored from 0 (poorest health) to 100 (best health), with higher scores indicating better health status.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 May 2025
- Study start30 May 2025
- Primary completion15 May 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion15 May 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Injury;SportsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Izmir Democracy University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gulsah Bargi, Izmir Democracy University
- Investigators
- Gülşah Barğı, Assoc Prof, Study director, Izmir Democracy UniversityRümeysa Binici, PT, Principal investigator, Aras KArgo Volleyball ClubGüfat Arslan, MD, Principal investigator, Izmir City HospitalUygar Kaya, PT, Principal investigator, Göztepe Volleyball Club
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06996990
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Volleyball players and injury
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 16 May 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Soylu, Ç., Altundağ, E., Akarçeşme, C., & Ün Yildirim, N. (2020). The relationship between isokinetic knee flexion and extension muscle strength, jump performance, dynamic balance and injury risk in female volleyball players.
Wilkosz P, Kabacinski J, Mackala K, Murawa M, Ostarello J, Rzepnicka A, Szczesny L, Fryzowicz A, Maczynski J, Dworak LB. Isokinetic and Isometric Assessment of the Knee Joint Extensors and Flexors of Professional Volleyball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 24;18(13):6780. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136780.
PubMed 34202540
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Relationship Between Injury Risk and Pain, Fatigue, Muscle Strength, Balance and Quality of Life in Volleyball Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06996990
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Volleyball players and injury
- Conditions
- Injury;Sports, Athletic Injuries
- Keywords
- Pain, Fatigue, Muscle Strength, Balance, Quality of Life, Volleyball, Sport Injury
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Izmir Democracy UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 May 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 May 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 15 May 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 30 May 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between injury risk and pain, fatigue, muscle strength, balance and quality of life in volleyball players. In this context, it will be investigated how the pain and fatigue levels experienced by volleyball players interact with muscle strength and balance and how these factors increase the risk of injury.
Detailed description
Musculoskeletal injuries are highly prevalent among volleyball players and this may be due to the interaction of various physical and subjective factors. Although some risk factors such as muscle strength and balance have been previously investigated, there is limited data on how these parameters together relate to injury risk and athlete health. In this cross-sectional study, standardized tests and self-report questionnaires will be administered to a sample of competitive volleyball players.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Volleyball Players | – | Other: Physical evaluations in Volleyball PlayersThis group will consist of active volleyball players competing at a regional or national level. Participants will undergo one-time assessments including muscle strength, balance, fatigue, pain levels, and quality of life. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 days and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The population of the research consists of elite athletes and the sample of the research consists of elite volleyball players who volunteered to participate in the research. In our research, there is only one research group consisting of elite volleyball players and there are at least 28 volleyball players.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Be over 18 years old and volunteer
- Have not had any upper or lower extremity injuries in the last 3 months
- Have not had any upper or lower extremity surgery in the last 6 months
- Play volleyball professionally
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having had a lower or upper extremity injury in the last 3 months
- Having had upper or lower extremity surgery in the last 6 months
- Being pregnant
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Physical evaluations in Volleyball PlayersThis study will evaluate pain, fatigue, muscle strength, balance and quality of life in volleyball players. All these measurements will be completed in two sessions lasting 45-60 minutes. | Other | Volleyball Players |
Primary outcome
Injury risc assessment
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
The Functional Movement Screening Test will be used to assess injury risc in athletes. Seven exercises are used in this test. Each movement is scored on a scale from 0 to 3, with a maximum total score of 21. As the score from this test increases, the risk of injury decreases.
8 secondary outcomes
Pain intensity evaluation
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Fatigue assessment
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Muscle Strength Measurement
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Hand Grip Strength measurement
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Respiratory Muscle Strength measurement
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Cough force measurement
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Balance evaluation
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Quality of Life (SF-36 or WHOQOL-BREF)
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Sep 2026.
- BackgroundSoylu, Ç., Altundağ, E., Akarçeşme, C., & Ün Yildirim, N. (2020). The relationship between isokinetic knee flexion and extension muscle strength, jump performance, dynamic balance and injury risk in female volleyball players.
- Background: PubMed 34202540Wilkosz P, Kabacinski J, Mackala K, Murawa M, Ostarello J, Rzepnicka A, Szczesny L, Fryzowicz A, Maczynski J, Dworak LB. Isokinetic and Isometric Assessment of the Knee Joint Extensors and Flexors of Professional Volleyball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 24;18(13):6780. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136780.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Gülşah Barğı, Assoc Prof study director
Izmir Democracy University
Rümeysa Binici, PT principal investigator
Aras KArgo Volleyball Club
Güfat Arslan, MD principal investigator
Izmir City Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Injury;Sports and Athletic Injuries, run by Izmir Democracy University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Gülşah Barğı, Assoc Prof (+90 232 299 0739, gulsahbargi35@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Injury risc assessment (time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06996990, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Sep 2026.