RabiesNCT07012083
Adherence to Anti-rabies Post-exposure Prophylactic Protocols
An observational study of Rabies, run by Tanta University at 1 site in Egypt.
Trial summary
This study aims to investigate physicians' adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines regarding Anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Egypt. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Rabies
- What is being tested?
- survey
- How many people
- 214 participants
- Where
- 1 siteEgypt
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2025to 1 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: This cross-sectional survey study will be conducted on a consecutive sample of physicians who treat patients with animal bites potentially requiring post-exposure anti-rabies prophylaxis. The sample will include emergency physicians, general practice or family physicians, and surgeons of both sexes, with varying degrees of experience and post-graduate clinical training.
Who may be able to join
- Physicians who treat patients with animal bites potentially requiring post-exposure anti-rabies prophylaxis. The sample will include emergency physicians, general practice or family physicians, and surgeons of both sexes, with varying degrees of experience and post-graduate clinical training.
Who cannot join
- Incomplete record filling
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Egyptian Doctors' Adherence to Anti-rabies Post-exposure Prophylactic Protocols; A Survey Study
This study aims to investigate physicians' adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines regarding Anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Egypt.
Read the detailed description
There is no known effective treatment for rabies, and virtually all cases are fatal. Although the prognosis is poor in patients who develop rabies, the disease is usually preventable with proper wound care and post-exposure prophylaxis. Following a thorough risk assessment, the decision to initiate rabies post-exposure prophylaxis should be made. The risk assessment should consider the type of exposure, local rabies epidemiology in animals, vaccination history of the animal, circumstances of the exposure incident, and the availability of the animal for observation or rabies testing .
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) have adopted guidelines for starting post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against rabies. The decision to start Anti-Rabies PEP is usually made in primary health care units or emergency departments .
Lack of adherence to these guidelines might result in unnecessary costs and medical risks, such as injection site reactions and systemic hypersensitivity reactions . This malpractice of inappropriate anti-rabies PEP prescription is not uncommon.
- Conditions
- Rabies
- Being tested
- survey
- Medical subject headings
- Rabies
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
surveyOther
This cross-sectional survey study will be conducted on a consecutive sample of physicians who treat patients with animal bites potentially requiring post-exposure anti-rabies prophylaxis. The sample will include emergency physicians, general practice or family physicians, and surgeons of both sexes, with varying degrees of experience and post-graduate clinical training.
All participants will consent to submit an anonymous Google Form-based questionnaire. The designed questionnaire will include introductory personal, academic, and work experience data about the physicians as gender, age, specialty, workplace, highest achieved medical-academic or training degree, and number of years of postgraduate clinical work experience. Candidates will be asked to reflect on their pre and postgraduate education/training quality and their confidence level in prescribing anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis treatment. (as a linear scale).
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Adherence to Anti-rabies PEP Guidelines
This study aims to investigate physicians' adherence to the Advisory Committee on Immunization.
Practices (ACIP) guidelines regarding Anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Egypt. This will be through a score given for the correct response to the case-based questionnaire. This questionnaire include 10 case-based scenarios where anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis may or may not be indicated as per ACIP guidelines. True response will be scored 1, wrong response will be scored 0 with maximum total score of 10. Higher score reflects better adherence to guidelines recommendations \& vice versa.
Measured: 6 months
Secondary outcomes (1)
Health & Economic burden of such malpractice
This study attempts to evaluate the possible economic burden of this expected departure from the standard of care by examining doctors' compliance with appropriate prescription of anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis. Economic burden will be calculated by incorporating total odds ratio of inappropriate prescription of anti-rabies vaccine with or without human rabies immunoglobulin , cost of each dose of them to get a rough estimate of the expected cost rising from inappropriate prescription of theses drugs when they are not indicated.
Measured: 9 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Jun 2025
- Study start1 Jun 2025
- Primary completion31 Jan 2026
- Study completion1 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for RabiesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 214 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tanta University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Mohamed Ezzat Nasreddin, Tanta University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07012083
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- post exposure anti-rabies
- Status last verified
- May 2025
- First submitted
- 20 May 2025
- Last updated
- 30 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Catherine M Brown, Alfred DeMaria. Indications for post-exposure rabies prophylaxis In: UpToDate, Connor RF (Ed), Wolters Kluwer. (Accessed on Oct 15, 2024).
Protocol for a well-performed rabies post-exposure prophylaxis delivery: To read along with the decision trees, 1- Wound Risk Assessment and 2 - PEP Risk Assessment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2024. https://doi.org/10.2471/ B09018.
Rupprecht CE, Briggs D, Brown CM, Franka R, Katz SL, Kerr HD, Lett SM, Levis R, Meltzer MI, Schaffner W, Cieslak PR; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Use of a reduced (4-dose) vaccine schedule for postexposure prophylaxis to prevent human rabies: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010 Mar 19;59(RR-2):1-9.
PubMed 20300058
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Egyptian Doctors' Adherence to Anti-rabies Post-exposure Prophylactic Protocols; A Survey Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07012083
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- post exposure anti-rabies
- Conditions
- Rabies
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 214 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tanta UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to investigate physicians' adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines regarding Anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Egypt.
Detailed description
There is no known effective treatment for rabies, and virtually all cases are fatal. Although the prognosis is poor in patients who develop rabies, the disease is usually preventable with proper wound care and post-exposure prophylaxis. Following a thorough risk assessment, the decision to initiate rabies post-exposure prophylaxis should be made. The risk assessment should consider the type of exposure, local rabies epidemiology in animals, vaccination history of the animal, circumstances of the exposure incident, and the availability of the animal for observation or rabies testing .
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) have adopted guidelines for starting post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against rabies. The decision to start Anti-Rabies PEP is usually made in primary health care units or emergency departments .
Lack of adherence to these guidelines might result in unnecessary costs and medical risks, such as injection site reactions and systemic hypersensitivity reactions . This malpractice of inappropriate anti-rabies PEP prescription is not uncommon.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- This cross-sectional survey study will be conducted on a consecutive sample of physicians who treat patients with animal bites potentially requiring post-exposure anti-rabies prophylaxis. The sample will include emergency physicians, general practice or family physicians, and surgeons of both sexes, with varying degrees of experience and post-graduate clinical training.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Physicians who treat patients with animal bites potentially requiring post-exposure anti-rabies prophylaxis. The sample will include emergency physicians, general practice or family physicians, and surgeons of both sexes, with varying degrees of experience and post-graduate clinical training.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Incomplete record filling
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| surveyThis cross-sectional survey study will be conducted on a consecutive sample of physicians who treat patients with animal bites potentially requiring post-exposure anti-rabies prophylaxis. The sample will include emergency physicians, general practice or family physicians, and surgeons of both sexes, with varying degrees of experience and post-graduate clinical training. All participants will consent to submit an anonymous Google Form-based questionnaire. The designed questionnaire will include introductory personal, academic, and work experience data about the physicians as gender, age, specialty, workplace, highest achieved medical-academic or training degree, and number of years of postgraduate clinical work experience. Candidates will be asked to reflect on their pre and postgraduate education/training quality and their confidence level in prescribing anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis treatment. (as a linear scale). | Other | – |
Primary outcome
Adherence to Anti-rabies PEP Guidelines
Time frame: 6 months
This study aims to investigate physicians' adherence to the Advisory Committee on Immunization. Practices (ACIP) guidelines regarding Anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Egypt. This will be through a score given for the correct response to the case-based questionnaire. This questionnaire include 10 case-based scenarios where anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis may or may not be indicated as per ACIP guidelines. True response will be scored 1, wrong response will be scored 0 with maximum total score of 10. Higher score reflects better adherence to guidelines recommendations \& vice versa.
1 secondary outcome
Health & Economic burden of such malpractice
Time frame: 9 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Mar 2026.
- BackgroundCatherine M Brown, Alfred DeMaria. Indications for post-exposure rabies prophylaxis In: UpToDate, Connor RF (Ed), Wolters Kluwer. (Accessed on Oct 15, 2024).
- BackgroundProtocol for a well-performed rabies post-exposure prophylaxis delivery: To read along with the decision trees, 1- Wound Risk Assessment and 2 - PEP Risk Assessment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2024. https://doi.org/10.2471/ B09018.
- Background: PubMed 20300058Rupprecht CE, Briggs D, Brown CM, Franka R, Katz SL, Kerr HD, Lett SM, Levis R, Meltzer MI, Schaffner W, Cieslak PR; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Use of a reduced (4-dose) vaccine schedule for postexposure prophylaxis to prevent human rabies: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010 Mar 19;59(RR-2):1-9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Rabies, run by Tanta University at 1 site in Egypt.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Adherence to Anti-rabies PEP Guidelines (time frame: 6 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07012083, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Mar 2026.