Incidence of Hypotension in the Post-anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).

Duration of the surgical procedure as a risk factor for the development of postoperative hypotension. The duration will be recorded in minutes.

ASA classification as a risk factor for the development of postoperative hypotension.

ASA I: A normal healthy patient with no systemic disease. ASA II: A patient with mild systemic disease that does not limit daily activities (e.g., well-controlled diabetes or hypertension).

ASA III: A patient with severe systemic disease that limits daily activities but is not incapacitating (e.g., poorly controlled diabetes or hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

ASA IV: A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life (e.g., unstable angina, symptomatic heart failure).

ASA V: A moribund patient who is not expected to survive without surgery (e.g., ruptured abdominal aneurysm).

The type of anesthesia used: general, regional, and/or peripheral nerve block.

Blood loss during the surgical procedure, as documented in the surgical protocol.

Fluid intake and output during surgery, measured in milliliters.

Surgical specialties: neurosurgery, urology, gynecology, abdominal surgery, orthopedics

Administration of a crystalloid or colloid bolus to augment intravascular volume.

In cases of severe hypotension, vasopressor administration (e.g., ephedrine, phenylephrine, norepinephrine) may be required to ensure adequate perfusion of vital organs.

Repeated blood pressure measurement every 5 minutes.

Continuous heart rate monitoring.

The Trendelenburg position (legs elevated above the head) can help increase venous return and consequently blood pressure. It will not be performed in surgeries involving the lower extremities.

If hypotension does not improve despite repeated therapeutic interventions, escalation of care to the ICU may be necessary.

Inadequate gastrointestinal perfusion can lead to nausea and vomiting, complicating the patient's recovery.

Oliguria is a medical term referring to low urine output, typically defined as producing less than 400-500 mL of urine per day in adults.

Anuria is a medical condition characterized by the absence or near absence of urine production, typically defined as less than 100 mL of urine per day.

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a clinical tool used to assess a person's level of consciousness after a brain injury. It evaluates three responses: eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, with scores ranging from 3 (deep coma) to 15 (fully alert).

Will be assessed using oxygen saturation levels (SpO₂). Mild hypoxia: SpO₂ 90-94% Moderate hypoxia:r SpO₂ 75-89% Severe hypoxia: SpO₂ <75%

Lactic acidosis is a condition characterized by the accumulation of lactic acid in the bloodstream, leading to a decrease in blood pH. It can result from tissue hypoxia, impaired metabolism, or certain medical conditions.

Lactic acidosis is generally defined by a serum lactate concentration above 4 mmol/L. Mild elevations in lactate (hyperlactatemia) occur at levels above 2 mmol/L, but true lactic acidosis is diagnosed when lactate levels exceed 4 mmol/L

Syncope is a temporary loss of consciousness due to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the brain. It typically has a rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery