KinesiophobiaNCT07034534
Yoga vs Deep Breathing for Kinesiophobia in Footballers With Chronic Ankle Instability
A study testing Three typical yoga poses and Deep breathing technique in people with Kinesiophobia and Chronic Ankle Instability, run by Saveetha University at 1 site in India.
Trial summary
The study aimed to determine if yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy were more effective than deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy in reducing kinesiophobia in amateur football players with chronic ankle instability. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 22 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Kinesiophobia, Chronic Ankle Instability
- What is being tested?
- Three typical yoga poses and Deep breathing technique
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 28 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndia
- Study dates
- 26 Aug 2023to 20 Feb 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 22 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Age: 18 - 22
- Acute ankle sprain diagnosis: documented diagnosis of chronic ankle instability.
- Chronic ankle instability pain score of 0-27 on CAIT tool
- Kinesio phobia severity score: 37-68 on Tampa scale
- Pain anxiety symptom scale (PASS) score: 67-94
Who cannot join
- Neurological problem
- Recent history of ankle surgery
- Proscribed with any pain - relieving medication
- Both ankle instability and acute injuries to musculoskeletal structures in the lower limb.
- Participants who have multiple fractures
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
India1 site
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of Three Typical Yoga Poses and Conventional Physiotherapy for Kinesio Phobia Among Amateur Football Players With Chronic Ankle Instability
The study aimed to determine if yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy were more effective than deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy in reducing kinesiophobia in amateur football players with chronic ankle instability. 28 participants were divided into an experimental and control group, with the experimental group receiving yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy, and the control group receiving deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy.
Read the detailed description
Yoga is an Indian mind-body practice that has become well-known all over the world. During standing, sitting, and lying supine or prone, participants' bodily motions are gradual and have a wide range of motion. It has been demonstrated that yoga practice improves balance, coordination, emotional and mental well-being which assist in increasing joint flexibility, range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength.
Three yoga poses namely, the crescent lunge pose (Halasana), warrior II pose (Virabhadrasana II), and triangle pose (Trikonasana). These yoga manoeuvres reduce pain, which enhances people's quality of life. Reports indicate that yoga alters the perception of pain and influences brain waves. Since yoga promotes both pain treatment and psychosocial healing, it has been a popular alternative pain management technique in recent years for Kinesio phobia.
Injured athletes can benefit from deep breathing as a non-pharmacological pain management technique that increases localized tissue circulation and diverts attention from their discomfort. Inducing a shift in sympathetic nervous system activity by reducing stress hormone levels and activating the diaphragm by stimulating the vagal nerve, which regulates pain perception, guided or focused deep breathing functions as a mindful meditation technique.
The most successful strategy for collegiate athletes to handle stress and prepare for competition was deep breathing. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that deep breathing can assist individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain manage their condition effectively, reducing movement fear and enhancing subjective wellbeing and quality of life.
Conventional physical therapy includes exercises for strengthening and flexibility as well as training for agility and balance. These therapies aim to improve muscular strength, speed, agility, and neuromuscular control; restore a normal gait pattern without the use of assistive devices; improve balance; and increase range of motion and flexibility. Conventional physiotherapy uses a range of techniques centered on function restoration, strength enhancement, and injury prevention to address these problems.
By combining conventional physiotherapy with relaxation techniques like three typical yoga postures and deep breathing technique, our method not only helps people with Kinesio phobia but also improves their ankle range of motion, balance, and coordination so they can actively resume their daily lives.
- Conditions
- Kinesiophobia, Chronic Ankle Instability
- Being tested
- Three typical yoga poses, Deep breathing technique
- Keywords
- Chronic ankle instability, Kinesio phobia, Mind body practice, Yoga poses, Deep breathing technique, Conventional physiotherapy, Physical and emotional stability
- Medical subject headings
- Kinesiophobia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Three typical yoga posesBehavioural
Also called conventional physiotherapy
duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included
Deep breathing techniqueBehavioural
Also called conventional physiotherapy
duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy | Active comparator | Participants received three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy for five days each, for a total of six weeks with rest periods. Receives: Behavioral: Three typical yoga poses; Behavioral: Deep breathing technique |
| Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy | Active comparator | Participants received Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy for five days each, for a total of six weeks with rest periods.. Receives: Behavioral: Three typical yoga poses; Behavioral: Deep breathing technique |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT)
Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) is a 9-item and 30 points; self-report measures the severity of functional ankle instability. Each item has responses scored with different point values (ranging typically from 0 to 3 or 0 to 5). Total score is 30. The score from 27 to 30 represent normal stability, and the scores less than 27 representing ankle instability.
Measured: Baseline and week 6
Tampa scale for kinesiophobia
Tampa scale is a 17-item self-reported instrument used to distinguish between non-excessive fear and phobia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, i.e., the fear of movement. Each item is a 4 -point scale anchored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with total score of 68. The Score 17 and below representing (no kinesiophobia) and for a participants from score 37- 68 (represents kinesiophobia).
Measured: Baseline and week 6
Secondary outcomes (2)
Pain anxiety symptom scale
Pain and anxiety symptom scale (PASS) is a 20-item self-report measure to assess pain-related anxiety. Each item is a 6-point scale anchored from 0 (never) to 5 (always). Total score is ranged from 0 (representing no pain anxiety) to 100 (representing severe pain anxiety.
Measured: Baseline and week 6
Y-balance test
The Y Balance Test (YBT) is used to assess functional equilibrium, control of posture, and lower extremity strength. In both clinical and athletic settings, it is frequently employed to evaluate injury risk, especially in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).
Measured: Baseline and week 6
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Jun 2025
- Study start26 Aug 2023
- Primary completion6 Oct 2024
- Study completion20 Feb 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for KinesiophobiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 28 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Saveetha University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Snekha V, Saveetha University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07034534
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 30/32/2024/ISRB/SR/SCPT
- Status last verified
- Jun 2025
- First submitted
- 17 May 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Jun 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Jun 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Three Typical Yoga Poses and Conventional Physiotherapy for Kinesio Phobia Among Amateur Football Players With Chronic Ankle Instability
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07034534
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 30/32/2024/ISRB/SR/SCPT
- Conditions
- Kinesiophobia, Chronic Ankle Instability
- Keywords
- Chronic ankle instability, Kinesio phobia, Mind body practice, Yoga poses, Deep breathing technique, Conventional physiotherapy, Physical and emotional stability
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 28 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Saveetha UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 26 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 6 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Feb 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study aimed to determine if yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy were more effective than deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy in reducing kinesiophobia in amateur football players with chronic ankle instability. 28 participants were divided into an experimental and control group, with the experimental group receiving yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy, and the control group receiving deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy.
Detailed description
Yoga is an Indian mind-body practice that has become well-known all over the world. During standing, sitting, and lying supine or prone, participants' bodily motions are gradual and have a wide range of motion. It has been demonstrated that yoga practice improves balance, coordination, emotional and mental well-being which assist in increasing joint flexibility, range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength.
Three yoga poses namely, the crescent lunge pose (Halasana), warrior II pose (Virabhadrasana II), and triangle pose (Trikonasana). These yoga manoeuvres reduce pain, which enhances people's quality of life. Reports indicate that yoga alters the perception of pain and influences brain waves. Since yoga promotes both pain treatment and psychosocial healing, it has been a popular alternative pain management technique in recent years for Kinesio phobia.
Injured athletes can benefit from deep breathing as a non-pharmacological pain management technique that increases localized tissue circulation and diverts attention from their discomfort. Inducing a shift in sympathetic nervous system activity by reducing stress hormone levels and activating the diaphragm by stimulating the vagal nerve, which regulates pain perception, guided or focused deep breathing functions as a mindful meditation technique.
The most successful strategy for collegiate athletes to handle stress and prepare for competition was deep breathing. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that deep breathing can assist individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain manage their condition effectively, reducing movement fear and enhancing subjective wellbeing and quality of life.
Conventional physical therapy includes exercises for strengthening and flexibility as well as training for agility and balance. These therapies aim to improve muscular strength, speed, agility, and neuromuscular control; restore a normal gait pattern without the use of assistive devices; improve balance; and increase range of motion and flexibility. Conventional physiotherapy uses a range of techniques centered on function restoration, strength enhancement, and injury prevention to address these problems.
By combining conventional physiotherapy with relaxation techniques like three typical yoga postures and deep breathing technique, our method not only helps people with Kinesio phobia but also improves their ankle range of motion, balance, and coordination so they can actively resume their daily lives.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy | Active comparator | Behavioral: Three typical yoga poses, Behavioral: Deep breathing techniqueParticipants received three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy for five days each, for a total of six weeks with rest periods. |
| Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy | Active comparator | Behavioral: Three typical yoga poses, Behavioral: Deep breathing techniqueParticipants received Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy for five days each, for a total of six weeks with rest periods.. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 22 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Age: 18 - 22
- Acute ankle sprain diagnosis: documented diagnosis of chronic ankle instability.
- Chronic ankle instability pain score of 0-27 on CAIT tool
- Kinesio phobia severity score: 37-68 on Tampa scale
- Pain anxiety symptom scale (PASS) score: 67-94
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Neurological problem
- Recent history of ankle surgery
- Proscribed with any pain - relieving medication
- Both ankle instability and acute injuries to musculoskeletal structures in the lower limb.
- Participants who have multiple fractures
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Three typical yoga posesAlso: conventional physiotherapyduration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included | Behavioural | Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy, Three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy |
| Deep breathing techniqueAlso: conventional physiotherapyduration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included | Behavioural | Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy, Three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy |
Primary outcome
Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT)
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) is a 9-item and 30 points; self-report measures the severity of functional ankle instability. Each item has responses scored with different point values (ranging typically from 0 to 3 or 0 to 5). Total score is 30. The score from 27 to 30 represent normal stability, and the scores less than 27 representing ankle instability.
Tampa scale for kinesiophobia
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Tampa scale is a 17-item self-reported instrument used to distinguish between non-excessive fear and phobia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, i.e., the fear of movement. Each item is a 4 -point scale anchored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with total score of 68. The Score 17 and below representing (no kinesiophobia) and for a participants from score 37- 68 (represents kinesiophobia).
2 secondary outcomes
Pain anxiety symptom scale
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Y-balance test
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Jun 2025.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Three typical yoga poses and Deep breathing technique in people with Kinesiophobia and Chronic Ankle Instability, run by Saveetha University at 1 site in India.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in India. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) (time frame: Baseline and week 6). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Jun 2025.