AcupressureNCT07049640
Acupressure and Cold Application on Pain, Anxiety, Comfort, and Hemodynamic Parameters
A study testing Acupressure Group and Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group in people with Acupressure and Cold Application, run by Mardin Artuklu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The ventrogluteal injection is an invasive and often painful procedure commonly performed in healthcare settings. This study aimed to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure. Research questions 1. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Acupressure, Cold Application
- What is being tested?
- Acupressure Group and Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 102 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2025to 30 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18-65 years old,
- Patients prescribed at least two doses of penicillin per day,
- There is an indication for injection administration
- Volunteer to participate in the research will be included.
Who cannot join
- Volunteer to participate in the research will not be included.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Siirt Training and Research Hospital
Siirt, Siirt, 47200
About this study
The ventrogluteal injection is an invasive and often painful procedure commonly performed in healthcare settings. This study aimed to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure.
Research questions
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on pain caused by the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on anxiety caused by the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on comfort during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on pulse rate during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on respiratory rate during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on diastolic blood pressure during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on systolic blood pressure during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
Read the detailed description
Acupressure and cold application can significantly reduce pain associated with intramuscular injections. This simple, cost-effective, and easily applicable intervention can be utilized across various healthcare settings to alleviate injection-related discomfort.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure.
- Conditions
- Acupressure, Cold Application
- Being tested
- Acupressure Group, Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group
- Keywords
- Pain, Anxiety, Comfort, Hemodynamic Parameters
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Acupressure GroupOther
Effects of Acupressure Interventions
Cold Application to Acupressure Points GroupOther
Effects of Cold Application to Acupressure Points Interventions
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Acupressure group | Experimental | Acupressure Receives: Other: Acupressure Group |
| Cold Application to Acupressure Points group | Active comparator | Cold Application to Acupressure Receives: Other: Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group |
| Control group | No intervention | Control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
NPR-Pain Scale
The number 0 on the scale means they feel no pain or anxiety, while the number 10 represents the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety.
Measured: "Average of 3 months"
NPR-Anxiety Scale
The number 0 on the scale means they feel no pain or anxiety, while the number 10 represents the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety.
Measured: "Average of 3 months"
Comfort Scale for Injection
The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 1, and the highest score is 5.
Measured: "Average of 3 months"
Vital Signs follow-up Form
Systolic and Diastolic Pressure 140/90 mmHg
Measured: "Average of 3 months"
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Jul 2025
- Study start1 Jul 2025
- Primary completion18 Nov 2025
- Study completion30 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for AcupressureStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Acupressure Group Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group Control group
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 102 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Mardin Artuklu University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, HEDİYE UTLİ, Mardin Artuklu University
- Investigators
- HEDİYE ÖZBAY, PhD, Principal investigator, Mardin Artuklu University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07049640
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- hediye1
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 18 Jun 2025
- Last updated
- 3 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acupressure and Cold Application on Pain, Anxiety, Comfort, and Hemodynamic Parameters
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07049640
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- hediye1
- Conditions
- Acupressure, Cold Application
- Keywords
- Pain, Anxiety, Comfort, Hemodynamic Parameters
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 102 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Mardin Artuklu UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The ventrogluteal injection is an invasive and often painful procedure commonly performed in healthcare settings. This study aimed to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure.
Research questions
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on pain caused by the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on anxiety caused by the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on comfort during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on pulse rate during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on respiratory rate during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on diastolic blood pressure during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
- What is the effect of acupressure and cold application to acupressure points on systolic blood pressure during the ventrogluteal injection procedure?
Detailed description
Acupressure and cold application can significantly reduce pain associated with intramuscular injections. This simple, cost-effective, and easily applicable intervention can be utilized across various healthcare settings to alleviate injection-related discomfort.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of acupressure and cold application on pain, anxiety, comfort, and hemodynamic parameters prior to the ventrogluteal injection procedure.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Acupressure Group Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group Control group
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Acupressure group | Experimental | Other: Acupressure GroupAcupressure |
| Cold Application to Acupressure Points group | Active comparator | Other: Cold Application to Acupressure Points GroupCold Application to Acupressure |
| Control group | No intervention | –Control |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- 18-65 years old,
- Patients prescribed at least two doses of penicillin per day,
- There is an indication for injection administration
- Volunteer to participate in the research will be included.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Volunteer to participate in the research will not be included.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Acupressure GroupEffects of Acupressure Interventions | Other | Acupressure group |
| Cold Application to Acupressure Points GroupEffects of Cold Application to Acupressure Points Interventions | Other | Cold Application to Acupressure Points group |
Primary outcome
NPR-Pain Scale
Time frame: "Average of 3 months"
The number 0 on the scale means they feel no pain or anxiety, while the number 10 represents the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety.
NPR-Anxiety Scale
Time frame: "Average of 3 months"
The number 0 on the scale means they feel no pain or anxiety, while the number 10 represents the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety.
Comfort Scale for Injection
Time frame: "Average of 3 months"
The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 1, and the highest score is 5.
Vital Signs follow-up Form
Time frame: "Average of 3 months"
Systolic and Diastolic Pressure 140/90 mmHg
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Feb 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
HEDİYE ÖZBAY, PhD principal investigator
Mardin Artuklu University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Acupressure Group and Cold Application to Acupressure Points Group in people with Acupressure and Cold Application, run by Mardin Artuklu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
NPR-Pain Scale (time frame: "Average of 3 months"). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Feb 2026.