HealhtyRCTNCT07077655
Marmet and Oxytocin Massage for Breast Milk Increase
A study testing Marmet Technique, Oxytocin Massage and Plasebo in people with Healhty, run by Ege University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study is designed as a randomized controlled single-blind experimental study to examine the effectiveness of the oxytocin massage and Marmet technique applied to mothers who have undergone cesarean section on breast milk quantity and maternal state anxiety levels. The hypotheses of the study are as follows: H0.1. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healhty
- What is being tested?
- Marmet Technique, Oxytocin Massage and Plasebo
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 123 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 25 Aug 2025to 30 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Aged between 18-35 years
- Literate
- Fluent in Turkish
- Volunteering to participate in the study
- Primiparous (first-time mothers)
- Within the first 2 hours postpartum (mothers performing their first breastfeeding under researcher supervision)
Show all 15Show fewer
- Have a single baby with an appropriate birth weight for gestational age (>2500 gr)
- Have their baby with them
- Received spinal anesthesia
- Neither the mother nor the baby has any acute or chronic illness
- Exclusively breastfeeding their baby
- Had a term (37 weeks gestation or more) and cesarean delivery
- Experienced no complications after the cesarean section
- No issues preventing breastfeeding
- Willing to breastfeed
Who cannot join
- Are under 18 or over 35 years old
- Are multiparous (have given birth before)
- Are encountered more than 2 hours postpartum
- Received general anesthesia
- Have any acute or chronic illness themselves or their baby
- Have conditions requiring mother and baby to be separated
Show all 15Show fewer
- Report experiencing severe pain
- Formula-feed their baby or consume any milk-increasing medication or tea
- Gave birth before 37 weeks gestation or had a vaginal delivery
- Have an anatomical breast issue (absence of nipple, inverted nipple)
- Have swelling, ecchymosis, or wounds on their back (for the oxytocin massage group)
- Have a baby with a congenital anomaly
- Have an issue preventing breastfeeding
- Have a psychological issue
- Are unwilling to breastfeed
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital
Izmir, 35030
Aysima YALÇINTEPE, +90 507 168 99 84 ext. 0507 168 99 84, aysima.ylcntepe@gmail.com
Aysima YALÇINTEPE
About this study
Official title: The Effectiveness of the Marmet Technique and Oxytocin Massage on Breast Milk Quantity in Mothers Who Have Undergone Cesarean Section
This study is designed as a randomized controlled single-blind experimental study to examine the effectiveness of the oxytocin massage and Marmet technique applied to mothers who have undergone cesarean section on breast milk quantity and maternal state anxiety levels. The hypotheses of the study are as follows:
H0.1. There is no difference in the amount of breast milk among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
Read more
H1.1. There is a difference in the amount of breast milk among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
H0.2. There is no difference in the state anxiety scale scores among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
H1.2. There is a difference in the state anxiety scale scores among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
Participants:
Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups will be informed about the study and asked to provide their consent. Participants will complete the descriptive questionnaire. Colostrum status will be checked and marked as "present" or "absent" on the "Breast Milk, Vital Signs, and Pain Level Form." Under researcher supervision, the mother will breastfeed her baby. Afterward, the State Anxiety Inventory will be administered.
Two hours later, mothers will express milk using a hospital-grade pump, with 15 minutes on each breast (total 30 minutes). Milk volume, vital signs, pain levels, and milk flow rate will be recorded on the relevant form. Following this, mothers in the Marmet group will receive 10 minutes of the Marmet technique, mothers in the oxytocin group will receive 5 minutes of oxytocin massage, and mothers in the control group will receive 5 minutes of light touch on their wrists and shoulders. Immediately after, milk expression will again be performed with 15 minutes per breast (30 minutes total). The State Anxiety Inventory will be re-administered, and milk amount, vital signs, pain levels, and flow rate will be recorded again.
All mothers will express milk using a hospital-grade breast pump, and the expression duration is standardized as 15 minutes per breast (30 minutes total) based on the literature. Two expressions will be performed - one before and one immediately after the intervention. Expressed milk will not be discarded and will instead be used to feed the babies via spoon or syringe under the researcher's supervision.
Read the detailed description
This randomized controlled, single-blind experimental study aims to explore the physiological and psychological outcomes of two non-pharmacological breast stimulation techniques-oxytocin massage and the Marmet technique-on mothers who have undergone cesarean delivery. Specifically, the study investigates their effects on breast milk volume and maternal state anxiety levels during the early postpartum period.
Breastfeeding challenges are more commonly observed following cesarean deliveries due to delayed lactogenesis II, postoperative pain, mother-infant separation, and increased maternal stress. Non-invasive breast stimulation methods, such as the Marmet technique (which includes a structured pattern of massage, compression, and milk expression by hand) and oxytocin massage (which involves light tactile stimulation of the upper back and shoulders to promote oxytocin release), may provide physiological and psychological benefits to these mothers. This study systematically evaluates the efficacy of these techniques within a controlled hospital setting using standardized procedures.
Breast milk expression will be standardized using a hospital-grade electric pump, with a fixed pumping duration of 15 minutes per breast. Milk volume will be measured using calibrated collection containers provided with the pump. Vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure), self-reported pain levels (via Visual Analog Scale), and observed milk flow rate (rated as slow, moderate, or fast) will be recorded at each session.
Psychological impact will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), focusing on the state anxiety subscale. This tool is a validated measure to assess transient anxiety responses under stress or in new environments, such as hospitalization or breastfeeding initiation after surgery.
The oxytocin massage protocol consists of light, rhythmic touch applied to the mother's upper arms, shoulders, and back for 5 minutes, aiming to stimulate endogenous oxytocin release through sensory nerve activation. The Marmet technique, applied for 10 minutes, follows a structured sequence of circular breast massage, downward milk movement, and manual expression techniques. The control group will receive light touch (5 minutes) applied to non-breast-related areas (wrists and shoulders) without known physiological effects on lactation or oxytocin release.
Post-intervention, mothers will perform a second round of milk expression under the same standardized conditions. Milk will not be discarded but will be fed to the infant using a spoon or syringe under researcher supervision, in accordance with neonatal nutrition safety standards.
This study is designed not only to measure lactation outcomes but also to consider maternal comfort and emotional state during the early postpartum phase, recognizing the interconnected nature of physiological milk production and maternal mental well-being. This study utilizes evidence-based lactation assessment methods and validated psychological scales. Data will be analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0. Within-group and between-group comparisons will be conducted using paired t-tests and one-way ANOVA where appropriate. The study is approved by the relevant ethics committee and will adhere to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines.
- Conditions
- Healhty
- Being tested
- Marmet Technique, Oxytocin Massage, Plasebo
- Keywords
- breastmilk, mother, massage techniques, marmet technique, oxytocin massage
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Marmet TechniqueOther
Also called MarTec
One of the traditional and natural efforts mothers can make to facilitate breast milk production postpartum is the Marmet technique. This technique embraces the principles of massage and stimulation of the milk ejection reflex (Widiastuti et al., 2015; Hairunisyah \& Kusumawaty, 2022). Furthermore, this technique provides a relaxing effect, reactivating the milk ejection reflex, which in turn stimulates spontaneous milk flow (Yuliani et al., 2015). In other words, the Marmet technique is a combination of expressing milk and massaging the breast by emptying the lactiferous sinuses located under the areola. The Marmet technique stimulates prolactin secretion and helps maximize the milk ejection reflex. The more milk that is withdrawn or emptied from the breast, the greater the milk production (Widiastuti et al., 2015).
Oxytocin MassageOther
Also called OxyMas
Oxytocin massage is a type of massage performed to increase breast milk production. The massage is applied to the sides of the spine and the fifth to sixth ribs, and it stimulates the prolactin and oxytocin hormones after birth (Kosova et al., 2016). This massage serves to increase the oxytocin hormone, which can calm the mother, leading to an automatic flow of breast milk (Kilci \& Sevil, 2021). Research conducted by Azizah and Ambarika (2022) shows that a combination of the Marmet technique and oxytocin massage can increase breast milk production. Massaging or stimulating the spine sends a message to the hypothalamus in the posterior pituitary by directly stimulating the medulla oblongata via neurotransmitters to release oxytocin, which then causes milk secretion from the breasts (Lestari \& Linar, 2024).
PlaseboOther
No intervention will be made to the participants in this group. Superficial touch will be performed on women's wrists, elbows, and shoulders.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| ARM1 (Marmet) | Active comparator | One of the traditional and natural methods mothers can use to facilitate breast milk production after childbirth is the Marmet technique.
Ensure hand hygiene and make sure the hands are warm. Ask the mother to remove her clothing/bra (assistance will be provided at this stage).
Gently stroke the breast downward toward the nipple to trigger the let-down reflex.
Starting from the armpit, move toward the breast, continuing the massage with circular finger movements around and toward the nipple.
Ask the mother to lean forward slightly to allow gravity and gentle breast shaking to create mild vibrations and facilitate milk flow and drainage.
After the procedure, assist the mother in adjusting her position assist the mother in adjusting her position and help her get dressed.
Perform hand hygiene again. This procedure will be performed for 5 minutes on each breast, totaling 10 minutes, to ensure the technique is effective and standardized according to the literature. Receives: Other: Marmet Technique |
| ARM2 (Oxct.) | Active comparator | Oxytocin massage is a technique applied to increase breast milk production. In this study, the following steps will be followed when performing oxytocin massage (Sari et al., 2017):
Ensure hand hygiene and make sure the hands are warm. Ask the mother to remove her clothing/bra (assistance will be provided at this stage).
Position the mother in a comfortable way (since all mothers in the oxytocin massage group will be within the first 2 hours post-cesarean, they will be positioned in bed, and if necessary, supported with pillows or rolled sheets).
Using both thumbs facing forward, apply massage from the spine to the area beside the fifth and sixth ribs in a clockwise direction, first downward then upward.
After the massage, gently wipe the mother's back with a paper towel (if she expresses discomfort).
Assist the mother in adjusting her position and help her get dressed. Perform hand hygiene again. The massage will be applied for 3 minutes. Receives: Other: Oxytocin Massage |
| ARM3 (Plasebo) | Placebo comparator | A light touch will be applied to the women's wrists, elbows, and shoulders. Receives: Other: Plasebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Breast milk volume
It's the amount of milk measured before and after the procedures applied to the mother.
Measured: up to 4 months
Secondary outcomes (1)
State Anxiety Scale Score
Participants' state anxiety levels will be measured before and after the intervention using the State Anxiety Scale. The minimum possible score on the State Anxiety Scale is 20, and the maximum is 80. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety.
Measured: up to 4 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Jul 2025
- Study start25 Aug 2025
- Primary completion30 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Dec 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HealhtyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Ege UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- In this study, there are three intervention groups. While two groups will receive an intervention, one group will serve as a placebo. The first group will be the Marmet technique group, the second group the oxytocin massage group, and the third group will be the placebo group. The study is designed as a randomized controlled single-blind study.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 123 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ege University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Aysima Yalçıntepe, Ege University
- Investigators
- Aysima YALÇINTEPE, Principal investigator, Ege University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07077655
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- EgeUniAYalc001
- Acronym
- RCT
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 3 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 22 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Jutte J, Hohoff A, Sauerland C, Wiechmann D, Stamm T. In vivo assessment of number of milk duct orifices in lactating women and association with parameters in the mother and the infant. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014 Apr 2;14:124. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-124.
PubMed 24694236Dhanawat A, Behura SS, Panda SK. Manual Method vs Breast Pump for Breast Milk Expression in Mothers of Preterm Babies During First Postnatal Week: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Pediatr. 2022 Aug 15;59(8):608-612. doi: 10.1007/s13312-022-2572-8.
PubMed 35962654Zakarija-Grkovic I, Stewart F. Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Sep 18;9(9):CD006946. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006946.pub4.
PubMed 32944940Triansyah A, Stang, Indar, Indarty A, Tahir M, Sabir M, Nur R, Basir-Cyio M, Mahfudz, Anshary A, Rusydi M. The effect of oxytocin massage and breast care on the increased production of breast milk of breastfeeding mothers in the working area of the public health center of Lawanga of Poso District. Gac Sanit. 2021;35 Suppl 2:S168-S170. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.017.
PubMed 34929803Alus Tokat M, Sercekus P, Yenal K, Okumus H. Early postpartum breast-feeding outcomes and breast-feeding self-efficacy in Turkish mothers undergoing vaginal birth or cesarean birth with different types of anesthesia. Int J Nurs Knowl. 2015 Apr;26(2):73-9. doi: 10.1111/2047-3095.12037. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
PubMed 24897921
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effectiveness of the Marmet Technique and Oxytocin Massage on Breast Milk Quantity in Mothers Who Have Undergone Cesarean Section
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07077655
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RCT / EgeUniAYalc001
- Conditions
- Healhty
- Keywords
- breastmilk, mother, massage techniques, marmet technique, oxytocin massage
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 123 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Ege UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 25 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 22 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study is designed as a randomized controlled single-blind experimental study to examine the effectiveness of the oxytocin massage and Marmet technique applied to mothers who have undergone cesarean section on breast milk quantity and maternal state anxiety levels. The hypotheses of the study are as follows:
H0.1. There is no difference in the amount of breast milk among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
H1.1. There is a difference in the amount of breast milk among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
H0.2. There is no difference in the state anxiety scale scores among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
H1.2. There is a difference in the state anxiety scale scores among mothers in the Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups.
Participants:
Marmet technique, oxytocin massage, and control (placebo) groups will be informed about the study and asked to provide their consent. Participants will complete the descriptive questionnaire. Colostrum status will be checked and marked as "present" or "absent" on the "Breast Milk, Vital Signs, and Pain Level Form." Under researcher supervision, the mother will breastfeed her baby. Afterward, the State Anxiety Inventory will be administered.
Two hours later, mothers will express milk using a hospital-grade pump, with 15 minutes on each breast (total 30 minutes). Milk volume, vital signs, pain levels, and milk flow rate will be recorded on the relevant form. Following this, mothers in the Marmet group will receive 10 minutes of the Marmet technique, mothers in the oxytocin group will receive 5 minutes of oxytocin massage, and mothers in the control group will receive 5 minutes of light touch on their wrists and shoulders. Immediately after, milk expression will again be performed with 15 minutes per breast (30 minutes total). The State Anxiety Inventory will be re-administered, and milk amount, vital signs, pain levels, and flow rate will be recorded again.
All mothers will express milk using a hospital-grade breast pump, and the expression duration is standardized as 15 minutes per breast (30 minutes total) based on the literature. Two expressions will be performed - one before and one immediately after the intervention. Expressed milk will not be discarded and will instead be used to feed the babies via spoon or syringe under the researcher's supervision.
Detailed description
This randomized controlled, single-blind experimental study aims to explore the physiological and psychological outcomes of two non-pharmacological breast stimulation techniques-oxytocin massage and the Marmet technique-on mothers who have undergone cesarean delivery. Specifically, the study investigates their effects on breast milk volume and maternal state anxiety levels during the early postpartum period.
Breastfeeding challenges are more commonly observed following cesarean deliveries due to delayed lactogenesis II, postoperative pain, mother-infant separation, and increased maternal stress. Non-invasive breast stimulation methods, such as the Marmet technique (which includes a structured pattern of massage, compression, and milk expression by hand) and oxytocin massage (which involves light tactile stimulation of the upper back and shoulders to promote oxytocin release), may provide physiological and psychological benefits to these mothers. This study systematically evaluates the efficacy of these techniques within a controlled hospital setting using standardized procedures.
Breast milk expression will be standardized using a hospital-grade electric pump, with a fixed pumping duration of 15 minutes per breast. Milk volume will be measured using calibrated collection containers provided with the pump. Vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure), self-reported pain levels (via Visual Analog Scale), and observed milk flow rate (rated as slow, moderate, or fast) will be recorded at each session.
Psychological impact will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), focusing on the state anxiety subscale. This tool is a validated measure to assess transient anxiety responses under stress or in new environments, such as hospitalization or breastfeeding initiation after surgery.
The oxytocin massage protocol consists of light, rhythmic touch applied to the mother's upper arms, shoulders, and back for 5 minutes, aiming to stimulate endogenous oxytocin release through sensory nerve activation. The Marmet technique, applied for 10 minutes, follows a structured sequence of circular breast massage, downward milk movement, and manual expression techniques. The control group will receive light touch (5 minutes) applied to non-breast-related areas (wrists and shoulders) without known physiological effects on lactation or oxytocin release.
Post-intervention, mothers will perform a second round of milk expression under the same standardized conditions. Milk will not be discarded but will be fed to the infant using a spoon or syringe under researcher supervision, in accordance with neonatal nutrition safety standards.
This study is designed not only to measure lactation outcomes but also to consider maternal comfort and emotional state during the early postpartum phase, recognizing the interconnected nature of physiological milk production and maternal mental well-being. This study utilizes evidence-based lactation assessment methods and validated psychological scales. Data will be analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0. Within-group and between-group comparisons will be conducted using paired t-tests and one-way ANOVA where appropriate. The study is approved by the relevant ethics committee and will adhere to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- In this study, there are three intervention groups. While two groups will receive an intervention, one group will serve as a placebo. The first group will be the Marmet technique group, the second group the oxytocin massage group, and the third group will be the placebo group. The study is designed as a randomized controlled single-blind study.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| ARM1 (Marmet) | Active comparator | Other: Marmet TechniqueOne of the traditional and natural methods mothers can use to facilitate breast milk production after childbirth is the Marmet technique. Ensure hand hygiene and make sure the hands are warm. Ask the mother to remove her clothing/bra (assistance will be provided at this stage). Gently stroke the breast downward toward the nipple to trigger the let-down reflex. Starting from the armpit, move toward the breast, continuing the massage with circular finger movements around and toward the nipple. Ask the mother to lean forward slightly to allow gravity and gentle breast shaking to create mild vibrations and facilitate milk flow and drainage. After the procedure, assist the mother in adjusting her position assist the mother in adjusting her position and help her get dressed. Perform hand hygiene again. This procedure will be performed for 5 minutes on each breast, totaling 10 minutes, to ensure the technique is effective and standardized according to the literature. |
| ARM2 (Oxct.) | Active comparator | Other: Oxytocin MassageOxytocin massage is a technique applied to increase breast milk production. In this study, the following steps will be followed when performing oxytocin massage (Sari et al., 2017): Ensure hand hygiene and make sure the hands are warm. Ask the mother to remove her clothing/bra (assistance will be provided at this stage). Position the mother in a comfortable way (since all mothers in the oxytocin massage group will be within the first 2 hours post-cesarean, they will be positioned in bed, and if necessary, supported with pillows or rolled sheets). Using both thumbs facing forward, apply massage from the spine to the area beside the fifth and sixth ribs in a clockwise direction, first downward then upward. After the massage, gently wipe the mother's back with a paper towel (if she expresses discomfort). Assist the mother in adjusting her position and help her get dressed. Perform hand hygiene again. The massage will be applied for 3 minutes. |
| ARM3 (Plasebo) | Placebo comparator | Other: PlaseboA light touch will be applied to the women's wrists, elbows, and shoulders. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (15 listed)
- Aged between 18-35 years
- Literate
- Fluent in Turkish
- Volunteering to participate in the study
- Primiparous (first-time mothers)
Key exclusion criteria (15 listed)
- Are under 18 or over 35 years old
- Are multiparous (have given birth before)
- Are encountered more than 2 hours postpartum
- Received general anesthesia
- Have any acute or chronic illness themselves or their baby
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Marmet TechniqueAlso: MarTecOne of the traditional and natural efforts mothers can make to facilitate breast milk production postpartum is the Marmet technique. This technique embraces the principles of massage and stimulation of the milk ejection reflex (Widiastuti et al., 2015; Hairunisyah \& Kusumawaty, 2022). Furthermore, this technique provides a relaxing effect, reactivating the milk ejection reflex, which in turn stimulates spontaneous milk flow (Yuliani et al., 2015). In other words, the Marmet technique is a combination of expressing milk and massaging the breast by emptying the lactiferous sinuses located under the areola. The Marmet technique stimulates prolactin secretion and helps maximize the milk ejection reflex. The more milk that is withdrawn or emptied from the breast, the greater the milk production (Widiastuti et al., 2015). | Other | ARM1 (Marmet) |
| Oxytocin MassageAlso: OxyMasOxytocin massage is a type of massage performed to increase breast milk production. The massage is applied to the sides of the spine and the fifth to sixth ribs, and it stimulates the prolactin and oxytocin hormones after birth (Kosova et al., 2016). This massage serves to increase the oxytocin hormone, which can calm the mother, leading to an automatic flow of breast milk (Kilci \& Sevil, 2021). Research conducted by Azizah and Ambarika (2022) shows that a combination of the Marmet technique and oxytocin massage can increase breast milk production. Massaging or stimulating the spine sends a message to the hypothalamus in the posterior pituitary by directly stimulating the medulla oblongata via neurotransmitters to release oxytocin, which then causes milk secretion from the breasts (Lestari \& Linar, 2024). | Other | ARM2 (Oxct.) |
| PlaseboNo intervention will be made to the participants in this group. Superficial touch will be performed on women's wrists, elbows, and shoulders. | Other | ARM3 (Plasebo) |
Primary outcome
Breast milk volume
Time frame: up to 4 months
It's the amount of milk measured before and after the procedures applied to the mother.
1 secondary outcome
State Anxiety Scale Score
Time frame: up to 4 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Sep 2025.
- Background: PubMed 24694236Jutte J, Hohoff A, Sauerland C, Wiechmann D, Stamm T. In vivo assessment of number of milk duct orifices in lactating women and association with parameters in the mother and the infant. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014 Apr 2;14:124. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-124.
- Background: PubMed 35962654Dhanawat A, Behura SS, Panda SK. Manual Method vs Breast Pump for Breast Milk Expression in Mothers of Preterm Babies During First Postnatal Week: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Pediatr. 2022 Aug 15;59(8):608-612. doi: 10.1007/s13312-022-2572-8.
- Background: PubMed 32944940Zakarija-Grkovic I, Stewart F. Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Sep 18;9(9):CD006946. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006946.pub4.
- Background: PubMed 34929803Triansyah A, Stang, Indar, Indarty A, Tahir M, Sabir M, Nur R, Basir-Cyio M, Mahfudz, Anshary A, Rusydi M. The effect of oxytocin massage and breast care on the increased production of breast milk of breastfeeding mothers in the working area of the public health center of Lawanga of Poso District. Gac Sanit. 2021;35 Suppl 2:S168-S170. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.017.
- Background: PubMed 24897921Alus Tokat M, Sercekus P, Yenal K, Okumus H. Early postpartum breast-feeding outcomes and breast-feeding self-efficacy in Turkish mothers undergoing vaginal birth or cesarean birth with different types of anesthesia. Int J Nurs Knowl. 2015 Apr;26(2):73-9. doi: 10.1111/2047-3095.12037. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Aysima YALÇINTEPE principal investigator
Ege University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Marmet Technique, Oxytocin Massage and Plasebo in people with Healhty, run by Ege University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 15 inclusion and 15 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Aysima YALÇINTEPE (+90 507 168 99 84 ext. 0507 168 99 84, aysima.ylcntepe@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Breast milk volume (time frame: up to 4 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07077655, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Sep 2025.