Treatment ComplianceTAPSNCT07080827
TTM-Based Social Media Psychoeducation for Psychosis
A study testing TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program and Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Program in people with Treatment Compliance and Social Media, run by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This doctoral research investigates the effect of a Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based psychoeducation program delivered via social media on treatment adherence in individuals diagnosed with psychosis. The study follows a randomized controlled trial design with pretest, posttest, and three-month follow-up assessments. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Treatment Compliance, Social Media, Psychotic Disorders
- What is being tested?
- TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program and Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2025to 30 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age between 18 and 65 years
- Diagnosed with a psychotic disorder according to DSM-5 criteria, including:
- Schizophrenia
- Schizophreniform disorder
- Schizoaffective disorder (with mild mood symptoms)
- Brief psychotic disorder
Show all 14Show fewer
- Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder (in remission)
- Paranoid disorder
- On the same prescribed psychiatric medication for at least one month
- Able to communicate in Turkish
- Has access to the internet and owns at least one active social media account (Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, WhatsApp, etc.)
- Literate and able to complete self-report forms
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
- Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score of 4 or below
Who cannot join
- Under 18 or over 65 years of age
- Acute psychotic episode at the time of recruitment
- Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses not covered under the inclusion list
- Diagnosed with neurocognitive disorders (e.g., dementia)
- Diagnosed with intellectual disability (mental retardation)
- Unable to use smartphone, tablet, or other digital communication tools
- Missed more than 20% of the intervention sessions
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Balıkesir Provincial Health Directorate, Community Mental Health Center
Balıkesir, Balıkesir, 10050
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Transtheoretical Model-Based Psychoeducation Via Social Media on Treatment Adherence in Individuals Diagnosed With Psychosis
This doctoral research investigates the effect of a Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based psychoeducation program delivered via social media on treatment adherence in individuals diagnosed with psychosis. The study follows a randomized controlled trial design with pretest, posttest, and three-month follow-up assessments.
A total of 60 participants were selected from among 354 individuals registered at the Balıkesir Community Mental Health Center (CMHC), based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups:
Read more
- an online intervention group receiving a 5-week TTM-based treatment adherence psychoeducation program via WhatsApp;
- a face-to-face intervention group receiving a standard, non-TTM-based treatment adherence psychoeducation program over 3 weeks at the CMHC; and
- a control group that received no educational intervention, only assessments.
Data collection instruments include a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Stage of Change Identification Form, the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S). Measurements were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and three months after the intervention.
The study hypotheses are:
Research Hypotheses H1: The treatment adherence scale scores of individuals diagnosed with psychosis who participate in the TTM-based psychoeducation group administered via social media will differ compared to the scores of individuals who participate in the face-to-face treatment adherence psychoeducation group.
H2: The treatment adherence scale scores of individuals diagnosed with psychosis who participate in the TTM-based psychoeducation group administered via social media will differ compared to the scores of individuals who do not receive TTM-based psychoeducation.
This study aims to provide evidence for the efficacy of theory-based, technology-supported psychoeducation programs in enhancing treatment adherence among individuals with psychosis. Furthermore, it evaluates whether a model-based online psychoeducation program is more effective than a conventional treatment adherence education.
- Conditions
- Treatment Compliance, Social Media, Psychotic Disorders
- Being tested
- TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program, Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Program
- Keywords
- Treatment Compliance and Compliance, Mental Health Nursing, Online Psychoeducation
- Medical subject headings
- Patient Compliance, Psychotic Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation ProgramBehavioural
A 5-week structured psychoeducation program based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), delivered via WhatsApp. Educational content was tailored to the participant's stage of change and included videos, texts, and interactive materials to promote treatment adherence in individuals with psychosis.
Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation ProgramBehavioural
A 3-week conventional psychoeducation program delivered face-to-face at the Community Mental Health Center. The program focused on general treatment adherence without utilizing the Transtheoretical Model and included verbal education, printed materials, and discussions.
TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation ProgramOther
The intervention was provided after a 3-month delay following initial observation. Participants received the same 5-week online psychoeducation program as the main intervention group
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Online TTM-Based Psychoeducation | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program |
| Face-to-Face Standard Psychoeducation | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Program |
| Delayed Online Psychoeducation Group | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Medication Adherence (Treatment adherence)
Score on a 5-point Likert scale
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 5)
Change in Medication Adherence Scores (MARS-5)
Medication adherence will be assessed using the 5-item Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), originally developed by Horne and Hankins (2001). It is a generic, self-reported Likert-type scale validated across various chronic physical and psychiatric conditions, including bipolar disorder, hypertension, asthma, and schizophrenia. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (always) to 5 (never), yielding a total score between 5 and 25. Higher scores indicate better adherence.
The Turkish version of the scale was adapted by the investigators and demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.78). Factor analyses supported a unidimensional structure (KMO = 0.79; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.089), consistent with the original.
In this study, MARS-5 will be administered at three time points: prior to the intervention (baseline), immediately following the intervention (post-test), and three months after the intervention (follow-up) to assess changes in treatment adherence
Measured: Baseline, Post-Intervention (Week 5), and 3-Month Follow-Up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Jul 2025
- Study start1 Mar 2025
- Primary completion1 Apr 2025
- Study completion30 Nov 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Treatment ComplianceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Istanbul University - CerrahpasaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ibrahim Aldemir, PhD, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07080827
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024229
- Acronym
- TAPS
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 11 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 23 Jul 2025
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Jul 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Transtheoretical Model-Based Psychoeducation Via Social Media on Treatment Adherence in Individuals Diagnosed With Psychosis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07080827
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TAPS / 2024229
- Conditions
- Treatment Compliance, Social Media, Psychotic Disorders
- Keywords
- Treatment Compliance and Compliance, Mental Health Nursing, Online Psychoeducation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University - CerrahpasaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This doctoral research investigates the effect of a Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based psychoeducation program delivered via social media on treatment adherence in individuals diagnosed with psychosis. The study follows a randomized controlled trial design with pretest, posttest, and three-month follow-up assessments.
A total of 60 participants were selected from among 354 individuals registered at the Balıkesir Community Mental Health Center (CMHC), based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups:
- an online intervention group receiving a 5-week TTM-based treatment adherence psychoeducation program via WhatsApp;
- a face-to-face intervention group receiving a standard, non-TTM-based treatment adherence psychoeducation program over 3 weeks at the CMHC; and
- a control group that received no educational intervention, only assessments.
Data collection instruments include a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Stage of Change Identification Form, the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S). Measurements were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and three months after the intervention.
The study hypotheses are:
Research Hypotheses H1: The treatment adherence scale scores of individuals diagnosed with psychosis who participate in the TTM-based psychoeducation group administered via social media will differ compared to the scores of individuals who participate in the face-to-face treatment adherence psychoeducation group.
H2: The treatment adherence scale scores of individuals diagnosed with psychosis who participate in the TTM-based psychoeducation group administered via social media will differ compared to the scores of individuals who do not receive TTM-based psychoeducation.
This study aims to provide evidence for the efficacy of theory-based, technology-supported psychoeducation programs in enhancing treatment adherence among individuals with psychosis. Furthermore, it evaluates whether a model-based online psychoeducation program is more effective than a conventional treatment adherence education.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Online TTM-Based Psychoeducation | Experimental | Behavioral: TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program |
| Face-to-Face Standard Psychoeducation | Active comparator | Behavioral: Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Program |
| Delayed Online Psychoeducation Group | Active comparator | Other: TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (14 listed)
- Age between 18 and 65 years
- Diagnosed with a psychotic disorder according to DSM-5 criteria, including:
- Schizophrenia
- Schizophreniform disorder
- Schizoaffective disorder (with mild mood symptoms)
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Under 18 or over 65 years of age
- Acute psychotic episode at the time of recruitment
- Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses not covered under the inclusion list
- Diagnosed with neurocognitive disorders (e.g., dementia)
- Diagnosed with intellectual disability (mental retardation)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation ProgramA 5-week structured psychoeducation program based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), delivered via WhatsApp. Educational content was tailored to the participant's stage of change and included videos, texts, and interactive materials to promote treatment adherence in individuals with psychosis. | Behavioural | Online TTM-Based Psychoeducation |
| Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation ProgramA 3-week conventional psychoeducation program delivered face-to-face at the Community Mental Health Center. The program focused on general treatment adherence without utilizing the Transtheoretical Model and included verbal education, printed materials, and discussions. | Behavioural | Face-to-Face Standard Psychoeducation |
| TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation ProgramThe intervention was provided after a 3-month delay following initial observation. Participants received the same 5-week online psychoeducation program as the main intervention group | Other | Delayed Online Psychoeducation Group |
Primary outcome
Medication Adherence (Treatment adherence)
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 5)
Score on a 5-point Likert scale
Change in Medication Adherence Scores (MARS-5)
Time frame: Baseline, Post-Intervention (Week 5), and 3-Month Follow-Up
Medication adherence will be assessed using the 5-item Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), originally developed by Horne and Hankins (2001). It is a generic, self-reported Likert-type scale validated across various chronic physical and psychiatric conditions, including bipolar disorder, hypertension, asthma, and schizophrenia. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (always) to 5 (never), yielding a total score between 5 and 25. Higher scores indicate better adherence. The Turkish version of the scale was adapted by the investigators and demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.78). Factor analyses supported a unidimensional structure (KMO = 0.79; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.089), consistent with the original. In this study, MARS-5 will be administered at three time points: prior to the intervention (baseline), immediately following the intervention (post-test), and three months after the intervention (follow-up) to assess changes in treatment adherence
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Jul 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing TTM-Based Online Psychoeducation Program and Standard Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Program in people with Treatment Compliance and Social Media, run by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 14 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Jul 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Medication Adherence (Treatment adherence) (time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 5)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Jul 2025.