Premature Ventricular ComplexesSANS-PVCNCT07093034
Sustained Auricular Nerve Stimulation for PVC Suppression
A study testing Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device in people with Premature Ventricular Complexes and PVC - Premature Ventricular Contraction, run by University of California, San Diego at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation has been clinically tested for the treatment cardiac arrhythmias. However, prior studies have shown mixed results-possibly in part due to inadequate stimulation duration. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Premature Ventricular Complexes, PVC - Premature Ventricular Contraction, Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation
- What is being tested?
- Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 16 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2025to 1 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Individuals must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible to participate in this study:
- Age ≥ 18 years
- PVC burden ≥ 5% documented on an event monitor or implanted cardiac device
- Provide written informed consent
- Willingness to comply with all study procedures
- Availability for the duration of the study (10 weeks)
Show all 15Show fewer
- Individuals meeting any of the following exclusion criteria at baseline will be excluded from study participation:
- Unwilling or unable to provide informed consent for oneself
- Last available left ventricular ejection fraction < 20%
- NYHA Class IV symptoms
- Acute coronary syndrome within two weeks of randomization
- Active pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Intention to become pregnant
- Statement Regarding Equitable Selection:
- This study will not exclude specific populations based on age, sex, race, or ethnicity. The inclusion/exclusion criteria are based on clinical factors relevant to the study intervention and the safety of participants. Limited English proficiency will not be an exclusion criterion, and appropriate translation services will be provided to ensure informed consent and understanding of study procedures.
Who cannot join
None listed.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
UC San Diego Health System
La Jolla, California, 92037
About this study
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation has been clinically tested for the treatment cardiac arrhythmias. However, prior studies have shown mixed results-possibly in part due to inadequate stimulation duration. Therefore, we have designed an investigator-initiated early feasibility study to evaluate safety, tolerability, and compliance with prolonged, nocturnal auricular nerve stimulation using the Parasym device.
Read the detailed description
The study will utilize the Parasym transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation device. This small, battery-powered device delivers electrical stimulation through an ear clip attached to the tragus. Participants will self-administer the stimulation once daily, at bedtime, for 6 continuous hours. The device has two settings to facilitate our RCT: active treatment and sham control. After one month in the first treatment arm, participants will be crossed over to the other arm of the study. Participants and outcome assessors will be blinded to the allocation. The primary outcomes will be assessed via standardized questionnaires administered by blinded outcome assessors. The secondary outcome of PVC burden will be assessed by non-invasive event monitors.
- Conditions
- Premature Ventricular Complexes, PVC - Premature Ventricular Contraction, Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation
- Being tested
- Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device
- Keywords
- auricular vagus nerve stimulation, parasym, premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), Non-invasive neuromodulation, Cardiac arrhythmia, autonomic nervous system modulation, Trancutaneous electrical stimulation, Randomized controlled trial, heart rate variability, feasibility study
- Medical subject headings
- Ventricular Premature Complexes, Arrhythmias, Cardiac
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator deviceDevice
Patients will wear the ParasymTM device with an ear clip on the tragus that provides stimulation at sub-detection threshold.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Active stimulation followed by crossover to Sham stimulation | Experimental | Not described Receives: Device: Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device |
| Arm 2: Sham stimulation followed by crossover to Active stimulation | Experimental | Not described Receives: Device: Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Safety
The occurrence of adverse events (AEs) throughout the study - including major, minor, severe adverse events and whether they lead to discontinuation of the device
Measured: 10 weeks (duration of entire study)
Tolerability
Participants will rate tolerability of wearing the device at night at multiple pre-specified time points throughout the study
Measured: 10 weeks
Quality of Life
Participants will rate quality of life at multiple pre-specified time points throughout the study
Measured: 10 weeks
Feasibility
Participants will rate ease of wearing the device at night at multiple pre-specified time points throughout the study
Measured: 10 weeks
Secondary outcomes (1)
PVC burden
PVC burden will be tracked by event monitoring at pre-specified time points throughout the study
Measured: 10 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jul 2025
- Study start1 Jul 2025
- Primary completion1 Jul 2026
- Study completion1 Jul 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (13)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Premature Ventricular ComplexesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 16 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San Diego
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Parasym Ltd.
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ulrika Birgersdotter-Green, University of California, San Diego
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07093034
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 812185
- Acronym
- SANS-PVC
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 14 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 7 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: IPD will be shared if requested by the receiving journal or reviewer. We will de-identify the data prior to providing this information.
Publications
Kim AY, Marduy A, de Melo PS, Gianlorenco AC, Kim CK, Choi H, Song JJ, Fregni F. Safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2022 Dec 21;12(1):22055. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25864-1.
PubMed 36543841Gentile F, Giannoni A, Navari A, Degl'Innocenti E, Emdin M, Passino C. Acute right-sided transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation improves cardio-vagal baroreflex gain in patients with chronic heart failure. Clin Auton Res. 2025 Feb;35(1):75-85. doi: 10.1007/s10286-024-01074-9. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
PubMed 39402309Hua K, Cummings M, Bernatik M, Brinkhaus B, Usichenko T, Dietzel J. Cardiovascular effects of auricular stimulation -a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Front Neurosci. 2023 Sep 1;17:1227858. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1227858. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 37727325Frangos E, Ellrich J, Komisaruk BR. Non-invasive Access to the Vagus Nerve Central Projections via Electrical Stimulation of the External Ear: fMRI Evidence in Humans. Brain Stimul. 2015 May-Jun;8(3):624-36. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2014.11.018. Epub 2014 Dec 6.
PubMed 25573069Stavrakis S, Stoner JA, Humphrey MB, Morris L, Filiberti A, Reynolds JC, Elkholey K, Javed I, Twidale N, Riha P, Varahan S, Scherlag BJ, Jackman WM, Dasari TW, Po SS. TREAT AF (Transcutaneous Electrical Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Suppress Atrial Fibrillation): A Randomized Clinical Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2020 Mar;6(3):282-291. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.11.008. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
PubMed 32192678Stavrakis S, Chakraborty P, Farhat K, Whyte S, Morris L, Abideen Asad ZU, Karfonta B, Anjum J, Matlock HG, Cai X, Yu X. Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2024 Feb;10(2):346-355. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.10.015. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
PubMed 37999672Chakraborty P, Farhat K, Morris L, Whyte S, Yu X, Stavrakis S. Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Simulation in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2023 Dec 13;12:e31. doi: 10.15420/aer.2023.20. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 38173801Premchand RK, Sharma K, Mittal S, Monteiro R, Dixit S, Libbus I, DiCarlo LA, Ardell JL, Rector TS, Amurthur B, KenKnight BH, Anand IS. Autonomic regulation therapy via left or right cervical vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the ANTHEM-HF trial. J Card Fail. 2014 Nov;20(11):808-16. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2014.08.009. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
PubMed 25187002Gold MR, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Hauptman PJ, Borggrefe M, Kubo SH, Lieberman RA, Milasinovic G, Berman BJ, Djordjevic S, Neelagaru S, Schwartz PJ, Starling RC, Mann DL. Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Heart Failure: The INOVATE-HF Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Jul 12;68(2):149-58. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.525. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
PubMed 27058909Zannad F, De Ferrari GM, Tuinenburg AE, Wright D, Brugada J, Butter C, Klein H, Stolen C, Meyer S, Stein KM, Ramuzat A, Schubert B, Daum D, Neuzil P, Botman C, Castel MA, D'Onofrio A, Solomon SD, Wold N, Ruble SB. Chronic vagal stimulation for the treatment of low ejection fraction heart failure: results of the NEural Cardiac TherApy foR Heart Failure (NECTAR-HF) randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J. 2015 Feb 14;36(7):425-33. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu345. Epub 2014 Aug 31.
PubMed 25176942De Ferrari GM, Crijns HJ, Borggrefe M, Milasinovic G, Smid J, Zabel M, Gavazzi A, Sanzo A, Dennert R, Kuschyk J, Raspopovic S, Klein H, Swedberg K, Schwartz PJ; CardioFit Multicenter Trial Investigators. Chronic vagus nerve stimulation: a new and promising therapeutic approach for chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2011 Apr;32(7):847-55. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq391. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
PubMed 21030409Li M, Zheng C, Sato T, Kawada T, Sugimachi M, Sunagawa K. Vagal nerve stimulation markedly improves long-term survival after chronic heart failure in rats. Circulation. 2004 Jan 6;109(1):120-4. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000105721.71640.DA. Epub 2003 Dec 8.
PubMed 14662714Eckberg DL, Drabinsky M, Braunwald E. Defective cardiac parasympathetic control in patients with heart disease. N Engl J Med. 1971 Oct 14;285(16):877-83. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197110142851602. No abstract available.
PubMed 4398792
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Sustained Auricular Nerve Stimulation for PVC Suppression
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07093034
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SANS-PVC / 812185
- Conditions
- Premature Ventricular Complexes, PVC - Premature Ventricular Contraction, Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation
- Keywords
- auricular vagus nerve stimulation, parasym, premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), Non-invasive neuromodulation, Cardiac arrhythmia, autonomic nervous system modulation, Trancutaneous electrical stimulation, Randomized controlled trial
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 16 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San DiegoUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Parasym Ltd.
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jul 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation has been clinically tested for the treatment cardiac arrhythmias. However, prior studies have shown mixed results-possibly in part due to inadequate stimulation duration. Therefore, we have designed an investigator-initiated early feasibility study to evaluate safety, tolerability, and compliance with prolonged, nocturnal auricular nerve stimulation using the Parasym device.
Detailed description
The study will utilize the Parasym transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation device. This small, battery-powered device delivers electrical stimulation through an ear clip attached to the tragus. Participants will self-administer the stimulation once daily, at bedtime, for 6 continuous hours. The device has two settings to facilitate our RCT: active treatment and sham control. After one month in the first treatment arm, participants will be crossed over to the other arm of the study. Participants and outcome assessors will be blinded to the allocation. The primary outcomes will be assessed via standardized questionnaires administered by blinded outcome assessors. The secondary outcome of PVC burden will be assessed by non-invasive event monitors.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Active stimulation followed by crossover to Sham stimulation | Experimental | Device: Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device |
| Arm 2: Sham stimulation followed by crossover to Active stimulation | Experimental | Device: Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (15 listed)
- Individuals must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible to participate in this study:
- Age ≥ 18 years
- PVC burden ≥ 5% documented on an event monitor or implanted cardiac device
- Provide written informed consent
- Willingness to comply with all study procedures
Key exclusion criteria (0 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator devicePatients will wear the ParasymTM device with an ear clip on the tragus that provides stimulation at sub-detection threshold. | Device | Arm 1: Active stimulation followed by crossover to Sham stimulation, Arm 2: Sham stimulation followed by crossover to Active stimulation |
Primary outcome
Safety
Time frame: 10 weeks (duration of entire study)
The occurrence of adverse events (AEs) throughout the study - including major, minor, severe adverse events and whether they lead to discontinuation of the device
Tolerability
Time frame: 10 weeks
Participants will rate tolerability of wearing the device at night at multiple pre-specified time points throughout the study
Quality of Life
Time frame: 10 weeks
Participants will rate quality of life at multiple pre-specified time points throughout the study
Feasibility
Time frame: 10 weeks
Participants will rate ease of wearing the device at night at multiple pre-specified time points throughout the study
1 secondary outcome
PVC burden
Time frame: 10 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Aug 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 36543841Kim AY, Marduy A, de Melo PS, Gianlorenco AC, Kim CK, Choi H, Song JJ, Fregni F. Safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2022 Dec 21;12(1):22055. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25864-1.
- Results publication: PubMed 39402309Gentile F, Giannoni A, Navari A, Degl'Innocenti E, Emdin M, Passino C. Acute right-sided transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation improves cardio-vagal baroreflex gain in patients with chronic heart failure. Clin Auton Res. 2025 Feb;35(1):75-85. doi: 10.1007/s10286-024-01074-9. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
- Results publication: PubMed 37727325Hua K, Cummings M, Bernatik M, Brinkhaus B, Usichenko T, Dietzel J. Cardiovascular effects of auricular stimulation -a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Front Neurosci. 2023 Sep 1;17:1227858. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1227858. eCollection 2023.
- Results publication: PubMed 25573069Frangos E, Ellrich J, Komisaruk BR. Non-invasive Access to the Vagus Nerve Central Projections via Electrical Stimulation of the External Ear: fMRI Evidence in Humans. Brain Stimul. 2015 May-Jun;8(3):624-36. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2014.11.018. Epub 2014 Dec 6.
- Results publication: PubMed 32192678Stavrakis S, Stoner JA, Humphrey MB, Morris L, Filiberti A, Reynolds JC, Elkholey K, Javed I, Twidale N, Riha P, Varahan S, Scherlag BJ, Jackman WM, Dasari TW, Po SS. TREAT AF (Transcutaneous Electrical Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Suppress Atrial Fibrillation): A Randomized Clinical Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2020 Mar;6(3):282-291. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.11.008. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
- Results publication: PubMed 37999672Stavrakis S, Chakraborty P, Farhat K, Whyte S, Morris L, Abideen Asad ZU, Karfonta B, Anjum J, Matlock HG, Cai X, Yu X. Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2024 Feb;10(2):346-355. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.10.015. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
- Results publication: PubMed 38173801Chakraborty P, Farhat K, Morris L, Whyte S, Yu X, Stavrakis S. Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Simulation in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2023 Dec 13;12:e31. doi: 10.15420/aer.2023.20. eCollection 2023.
- Results publication: PubMed 25187002Premchand RK, Sharma K, Mittal S, Monteiro R, Dixit S, Libbus I, DiCarlo LA, Ardell JL, Rector TS, Amurthur B, KenKnight BH, Anand IS. Autonomic regulation therapy via left or right cervical vagus nerve stimulation in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the ANTHEM-HF trial. J Card Fail. 2014 Nov;20(11):808-16. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2014.08.009. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
- Results publication: PubMed 27058909Gold MR, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Hauptman PJ, Borggrefe M, Kubo SH, Lieberman RA, Milasinovic G, Berman BJ, Djordjevic S, Neelagaru S, Schwartz PJ, Starling RC, Mann DL. Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Heart Failure: The INOVATE-HF Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Jul 12;68(2):149-58. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.525. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
- Results publication: PubMed 25176942Zannad F, De Ferrari GM, Tuinenburg AE, Wright D, Brugada J, Butter C, Klein H, Stolen C, Meyer S, Stein KM, Ramuzat A, Schubert B, Daum D, Neuzil P, Botman C, Castel MA, D'Onofrio A, Solomon SD, Wold N, Ruble SB. Chronic vagal stimulation for the treatment of low ejection fraction heart failure: results of the NEural Cardiac TherApy foR Heart Failure (NECTAR-HF) randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J. 2015 Feb 14;36(7):425-33. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu345. Epub 2014 Aug 31.
- Results publication: PubMed 21030409De Ferrari GM, Crijns HJ, Borggrefe M, Milasinovic G, Smid J, Zabel M, Gavazzi A, Sanzo A, Dennert R, Kuschyk J, Raspopovic S, Klein H, Swedberg K, Schwartz PJ; CardioFit Multicenter Trial Investigators. Chronic vagus nerve stimulation: a new and promising therapeutic approach for chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2011 Apr;32(7):847-55. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq391. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
- Results publication: PubMed 14662714Li M, Zheng C, Sato T, Kawada T, Sugimachi M, Sunagawa K. Vagal nerve stimulation markedly improves long-term survival after chronic heart failure in rats. Circulation. 2004 Jan 6;109(1):120-4. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000105721.71640.DA. Epub 2003 Dec 8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. IPD will be shared if requested by the receiving journal or reviewer. We will de-identify the data prior to providing this information.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Extended nocturnal use of auricular vagus nerve stimulator device in people with Premature Ventricular Complexes and PVC - Premature Ventricular Contraction, run by University of California, San Diego at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 15 inclusion and 0 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Safety (time frame: 10 weeks (duration of entire study)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07093034, which also lists 13 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Aug 2026.