Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle TrainingNCT07095179
Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Exercise on Health
A study testing Eupnea and Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) in people with Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training and Eupnea, run by National Taiwan Normal University.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether inspiratory muscle training has an immediate effect on energy expenditure, heart rate, blood glucose, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness in healthy adults, obese adults, and adults with type 2 diabetes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 45 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training, Eupnea
- What is being tested?
- Eupnea and Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 48 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2026to 1 Aug 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 45 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy adults, obese adults and adults with type 2 diabetes
- Aged between 20 to 45 years
- Weight stable for more than 3 months (no change in weight +/- 3%)
- Non-smoker
- Non-highly trained athletic team members
- Normal lifestyle patterns
Who cannot join
- Personal history of/existing hypertension, respiratory infectious disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease
- Taking medications that may influence lipid or carbohydrate metabolism or immune system function
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Acute Effects of Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training on Blood Glucose and Vascular Function Responses
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether inspiratory muscle training has an immediate effect on energy expenditure, heart rate, blood glucose, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness in healthy adults, obese adults, and adults with type 2 diabetes.
Read the detailed description
Participants will be asked to complete two trials involving intermittent exercise, which will include eupnea and inspiratory muscle training (IMT), as well as a resting control condition, in a randomized crossover study design. The trials will be separated by a minimum of 48 hours and will be completed within a 7-day period. Throughout all trials, participants will be required to remain relaxed and seated on an adjustable examination bed. For the IMT intensity, participants will utilize an inspiratory muscle training device (PowerBreathe Plus, Powerbreathe International Ltd., UK) and adjust the resistance to a level at which breathing continuously for 20 breaths is perceived as "somewhat hard" (RPE = 13), according to the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. This will take place during a 3.5-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). During the trials, participants may watch television or read; however, typing on a laptop or computer will be prohibited.
- Conditions
- Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training, Eupnea
- Being tested
- Eupnea, Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)
- Keywords
- Energy Expenditure, Metabolic Health, Pulse Wave Velocity, Inspiratory muscle training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
EupneaBehavioural
Participants will breathe normally.
Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)Behavioural
Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) will be conducted throughout the trial
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Eupnea | Experimental | Participants will breathe normally. Receives: Behavioral: Eupnea |
| Inspiratory muscle training | Experimental | Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IMT) will be conducted throughout the trial Receives: Behavioral: Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Blood glycaemic responses
Changes in blood glycaemic responses between trials
Measured: 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 120, and 210 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Pulse wave velocity (PWV)
Changes in pulse wave velocity between trials
Measured: 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90, 150, and 210 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Secondary outcomes (4)
Energy expenditure
Changes in energy expenditure between trials
Measured: First 90 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
Changes in Heart Rate Variability (HRV) between trials
Measured: In a regular patterns during the 210-minute trial
Visual analogue scale (VAS)
Changes in the visual analogue scale (VAS) ranged from 0 to 100 mm, with higher values indicating a greater intensity of sensation between trials.
Measured: Every 30 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Perceived stress scale (PSS)
Changes in perceived stress scale (PSS) with higher values indicating a greater intensity of sensation between trials.
Measured: Every 30 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Jul 2025
- Study start1 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Aug 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Yung-Chih Chen, National Taiwan Normal University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07095179
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202506HM022
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 6 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acute Effects of Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training on Blood Glucose and Vascular Function Responses
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07095179
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202506HM022
- Conditions
- Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training, Eupnea
- Keywords
- Energy Expenditure, Metabolic Health, Pulse Wave Velocity, Inspiratory muscle training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- National Taiwan Normal UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 31 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether inspiratory muscle training has an immediate effect on energy expenditure, heart rate, blood glucose, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness in healthy adults, obese adults, and adults with type 2 diabetes.
Detailed description
Participants will be asked to complete two trials involving intermittent exercise, which will include eupnea and inspiratory muscle training (IMT), as well as a resting control condition, in a randomized crossover study design. The trials will be separated by a minimum of 48 hours and will be completed within a 7-day period. Throughout all trials, participants will be required to remain relaxed and seated on an adjustable examination bed. For the IMT intensity, participants will utilize an inspiratory muscle training device (PowerBreathe Plus, Powerbreathe International Ltd., UK) and adjust the resistance to a level at which breathing continuously for 20 breaths is perceived as "somewhat hard" (RPE = 13), according to the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. This will take place during a 3.5-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). During the trials, participants may watch television or read; however, typing on a laptop or computer will be prohibited.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Eupnea | Experimental | Behavioral: EupneaParticipants will breathe normally. |
| Inspiratory muscle training | Experimental | Behavioral: Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IMT) will be conducted throughout the trial |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Healthy adults, obese adults and adults with type 2 diabetes
- Aged between 20 to 45 years
- Weight stable for more than 3 months (no change in weight +/- 3%)
- Non-smoker
- Non-highly trained athletic team members
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Personal history of/existing hypertension, respiratory infectious disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease
- Taking medications that may influence lipid or carbohydrate metabolism or immune system function
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| EupneaParticipants will breathe normally. | Behavioural | Eupnea |
| Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT)Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) will be conducted throughout the trial | Behavioural | Inspiratory muscle training |
Primary outcome
Blood glycaemic responses
Time frame: 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 120, and 210 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Changes in blood glycaemic responses between trials
Pulse wave velocity (PWV)
Time frame: 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 90, 150, and 210 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Changes in pulse wave velocity between trials
4 secondary outcomes
Energy expenditure
Time frame: First 90 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
Time frame: In a regular patterns during the 210-minute trial
Visual analogue scale (VAS)
Time frame: Every 30 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Perceived stress scale (PSS)
Time frame: Every 30 minutes during the 210-minute trial
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Feb 2026.
Related trials for Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Eupnea and Intermittent inspiratory muscle training (IIMT) in people with Intermittent Inspiratory Muscle Training and Eupnea, run by National Taiwan Normal University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Yung-Chih Chen, PhD (02-77496979, yc.chen@ntnu.edu.tw), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Blood glycaemic responses (time frame: 0 (baseline), 30, 60, 120, and 210 minutes during the 210-minute trial). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Feb 2026.