GaggingNCT07106983
Gagging and Feelings of Disgust: Forgotten Reactions in Dental Treatment?
An observational study of Gagging and Disgust, run by Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway at 1 site in Norway.
Trial summary
This cross-sectional study aims to validate two questionnaires: one measuring gagging related to dental treatment, and another assessing feelings of disgust and aversion. It also explores associations with self-reported experiences, including dental fear and a history of abuse. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- How many people
- 1,472 participants
- Where
- 1 siteNorway
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2022to 14 Dec 2022
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: * Young adults born between 2000 and 2001, recruited from the Public Dental Health Service in Vestland County * All dental and dental hygienist students at the University of Bergen in 2022
- Young adults born between 2000 and 2001, recruited from the Public Dental Health Service in Vestland County
- All dental and dental hygienist students at the University of Bergen in 2022
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
This cross-sectional study aims to validate two questionnaires: one measuring gagging related to dental treatment, and another assessing feelings of disgust and aversion. It also explores associations with self-reported experiences, including dental fear and a history of abuse.
Gagging and disgust in dental settings are complex reactions that may hinder access to necessary care, affecting oral health and quality of life.
The study includes two anonymous surveys:
- Young adults from Vestland County, recruited via SMS
- Dental and dental hygiene students at the University of Bergen
Validated instruments were used, including DPSS-R, Predictive Gagging Survey, GPA, MDAS, and IOIF-s.
Read the detailed description
This study aims to validate two questionnaires: one assessing gagging related to dental treatment, and another measuring feelings of disgust and aversion in dental treatment. Additionally, the study explores associations between these responses and self-reported life experiences, including sexual abuse and dental fear.
Gagging and disgust in dental settings are complex responses with both biological and psychological components. For affected individuals, these reactions may interfere with the ability to receive necessary dental care, with potential negative consequences for oral health and quality of life.
This quantitative cross-sectional study includes data that were partially used in a master's thesis at the University of Bergen (2023), conducted as part of the broader research project. The study consists of two sub-studies:
Sub-study I: Young adults from Vestland County were recruited via SMS to complete an anonymous online survey.
Sub-study II: Dental and dental hygiene students at the University of Bergen were invited via the learning platform Mitt UiB.
The surveys collected data on participants' experiences with gagging, dental fear, fear of intraoral injections, and disgust/aversion. Psychometric instruments used included the Disgust Propensity and Sensitivity - Revised (DPSS-R), The Predictive Gagging Survey, Gagging Problem Assessment (GPA), Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), and Intra- Oral Injection Fear scale (IOIF).
The study contributes to the validation of tools for assessing gagging and disgust in dental care, and increases knowledge about possible associations between gagging, aversion, dental anxiety, and history of abuse.
- Being tested
- No intervention (observational study)
- Keywords
- gagging, disgust, dental anxiety, abuse
- Medical subject headings
- Gagging
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
No intervention (observational study)Other
Observational survey only
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Validation of a Questionnaire Assessing Gag Reflex During Dental Treatment
Evaluation of the questionnaire's validity in measuring the prevalence of gagging during dental procedures in young adults in Western Norway.
Measured: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Validation of a Questionnaire Assessing Disgust During Dental Treatment
Evaluation of the questionnaire's validity in measuring the prevalence of disgust response during dental procedures in young adults in Western Norway.
Measured: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
The prevalence of gagging
Assessing the prevalence of gagging in young adults in Westen Norway.
Measured: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
The prevalence of disgust
Assessing the prevalence of disgust among young adults in Western Norway
Measured: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Secondary outcomes (2)
Association Between Gag Reflex and Self-Reported Life Experiences
Examination of the correlation between self-reported instances of gagging during dental treatment and past life experiences, such as sexual abuse and dental anxiety.
Measured: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Prevalence of Gag Reflex and feelings of disgust Among Dental and Dental Hygiene Students
Measurement of the prevalence of gagging and disgust responses during dental treatment among dental and dental hygienist students at the University of Bergen.
Measured: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Aug 2025
- Study start1 Oct 2022
- Primary completion14 Dec 2022
- Study completion14 Dec 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for GaggingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 1,472 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07106983
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 458062
- Status last verified
- Sep 2022
- First submitted
- 30 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 6 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data from this study will not be shared due to privacy concerns and in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Aug 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Gagging and Feelings of Disgust: Forgotten Reactions in Dental Treatment?
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07106983
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 458062
- Keywords
- gagging, disgust, dental anxiety, abuse
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,472 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western NorwayUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 14 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 14 Dec 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This cross-sectional study aims to validate two questionnaires: one measuring gagging related to dental treatment, and another assessing feelings of disgust and aversion. It also explores associations with self-reported experiences, including dental fear and a history of abuse.
Gagging and disgust in dental settings are complex reactions that may hinder access to necessary care, affecting oral health and quality of life.
The study includes two anonymous surveys:
- Young adults from Vestland County, recruited via SMS
- Dental and dental hygiene students at the University of Bergen
Validated instruments were used, including DPSS-R, Predictive Gagging Survey, GPA, MDAS, and IOIF-s.
Detailed description
This study aims to validate two questionnaires: one assessing gagging related to dental treatment, and another measuring feelings of disgust and aversion in dental treatment. Additionally, the study explores associations between these responses and self-reported life experiences, including sexual abuse and dental fear.
Gagging and disgust in dental settings are complex responses with both biological and psychological components. For affected individuals, these reactions may interfere with the ability to receive necessary dental care, with potential negative consequences for oral health and quality of life.
This quantitative cross-sectional study includes data that were partially used in a master's thesis at the University of Bergen (2023), conducted as part of the broader research project. The study consists of two sub-studies:
Sub-study I: Young adults from Vestland County were recruited via SMS to complete an anonymous online survey.
Sub-study II: Dental and dental hygiene students at the University of Bergen were invited via the learning platform Mitt UiB.
The surveys collected data on participants' experiences with gagging, dental fear, fear of intraoral injections, and disgust/aversion. Psychometric instruments used included the Disgust Propensity and Sensitivity - Revised (DPSS-R), The Predictive Gagging Survey, Gagging Problem Assessment (GPA), Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), and Intra- Oral Injection Fear scale (IOIF).
The study contributes to the validation of tools for assessing gagging and disgust in dental care, and increases knowledge about possible associations between gagging, aversion, dental anxiety, and history of abuse.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- * Young adults born between 2000 and 2001, recruited from the Public Dental Health Service in Vestland County * All dental and dental hygienist students at the University of Bergen in 2022
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| No intervention (observational study)Observational survey only | Other | – |
Primary outcome
Validation of a Questionnaire Assessing Gag Reflex During Dental Treatment
Time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Evaluation of the questionnaire's validity in measuring the prevalence of gagging during dental procedures in young adults in Western Norway.
Validation of a Questionnaire Assessing Disgust During Dental Treatment
Time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Evaluation of the questionnaire's validity in measuring the prevalence of disgust response during dental procedures in young adults in Western Norway.
The prevalence of gagging
Time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Assessing the prevalence of gagging in young adults in Westen Norway.
The prevalence of disgust
Time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Assessing the prevalence of disgust among young adults in Western Norway
2 secondary outcomes
Association Between Gag Reflex and Self-Reported Life Experiences
Time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Prevalence of Gag Reflex and feelings of disgust Among Dental and Dental Hygiene Students
Time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Aug 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data from this study will not be shared due to privacy concerns and in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Gagging and Disgust, run by Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway at 1 site in Norway.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Norway. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Validation of a Questionnaire Assessing Gag Reflex During Dental Treatment (time frame: From data collection start in October 2022 until the end of data collection December 2022.). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Aug 2025.