MyopiaNCT07107646
Exploring Perceptual Learning in Blurred Gabor Discrimination for Low-Myopic Children
A study testing vision training system, VTS in people with Myopia and Visual Rehabilitation, run by National Taiwan University Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
This exploratory study investigates whether perceptual learning using blurred Gabor stimuli can improve uncorrected distance visual acuity in children aged 6-10 years with low myopia. Participants will be randomly assigned to a training group or control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 6 to 10 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Myopia, Visual Rehabilitation, Perceptual Learning
- What is being tested?
- vision training system, VTS
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2026to 31 Jul 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 6 to 10 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Children aged between 6 to 10 years.
- Best corrected distance visual acuity of 6/6 or 0.00 logMAR.
- Diagnosed with low myopia after a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, with a spherical equivalent refractive error ranging from -0.50 to -1.25 diopters, including up to -0.75 diopters of astigmatism.
- Not currently undergoing any of the four standard myopia control treatments for children:
- Atropine (mydriatic agent)
- Orthokeratology
Show all 9Show fewer
- Peripheral defocus soft contact lenses
- Peripheral defocus spectacle lenses (frame glasses)
- Willing and able to provide informed consent, and able to comply with study procedures and assessments.
Who cannot join
- Participants will be excluded if they have any of the following ophthalmologic conditions:
- Strabismus
- Binocular vision problems
- Ocular diseases
- History of ocular surgery (excluding refractive surgery)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Taiwan1 site
Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
Taipei
Li-Ting Tsai, PhD, 886-2-33668164, litingtsai@ntu.edu.tw
About this study
Official title: Investigating the Efficacy of Perceptual Learning in Blurred Gabor Discrimination Among Children With Low Myopia: An Exploratory Study
This exploratory study investigates whether perceptual learning using blurred Gabor stimuli can improve uncorrected distance visual acuity in children aged 6-10 years with low myopia. Participants will be randomly assigned to a training group or control group. The training group will undergo individualized visual perceptual learning through a digital Vision Training System (VTS) for approximately 3 months. The study will also evaluate changes in refraction, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, Chinese reading acuity with eye movements, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEPs).
Read the detailed description
Perceptual learning (PL) is a non-invasive approach that enhances visual function through repeated visual tasks. Prior studies have demonstrated its potential in treating amblyopia and age-related visual decline. However, its application in children with low myopia remains underexplored.
This study has two main objectives:
To examine the effect of perceptual learning using blurred Gabor stimuli on uncorrected distance visual acuity in children with low myopia.
To investigate whether such training also improves refraction, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, reading vision with eye movement patterns, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEPs).
Thirty children aged 6-10 years with spherical equivalent refractive errors between -0.50 and -1.25 diopters (including ≤ -0.75 diopters of astigmatism) will be enrolled. Participants will be randomized into a training group or control group. The training group will undergo approximately 20 sessions of individualized visual perceptual learning using the Vision Training System (VTS), developed in collaboration with Bar Ilan University.
Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention, and at follow-up points up to 12 months. Measures include visual acuity, refractive status, contrast sensitivity (CSV-1000E), crowding acuity (FrACT), Chinese reading visual acuity (with Tobii eye tracking), and sVEPs.
- Conditions
- Myopia, Visual Rehabilitation, Perceptual Learning
- Being tested
- vision training system, VTS
- Keywords
- Low Myopia, Perceptual Learning, Visual Acuity, Visual Evoked Potentials
- Medical subject headings
- Myopia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
vision training system, VTSBehavioural
Participants in this group will receive individualized visual perceptual learning using the Vision Training System (VTS). The training involves blurred Gabor stimuli presented via a computer-based application. Each participant will complete approximately 20 training sessions over 3 months, with each session lasting 15 to 30 minutes, conducted twice per week. The program is designed to enhance uncorrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and other visual functions by engaging neural mechanisms related to perceptual learning. Training progression is adaptive based on individual performance. The VTS software was developed in collaboration with Bar Ilan University.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Perceptual Learning Group | Experimental | Children aged 4-10 years with low myopia will receive a structured visual perceptual learning (VPL) intervention using computerized blurred Gabor discrimination tasks. Training will be conducted at least twice per week, with each session lasting approximately 15-30 minutes, for up to 3 months. Training parameters will be remotely monitored and adjusted based on individual progress. Participants will undergo baseline, post-training, and follow-up assessments of uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, Chinese reading visual acuity, eye movement performance, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEP). Receives: Behavioral: vision training system, VTS |
| Control Group | No intervention | Children aged 4-10 years with low myopia who meet the same inclusion and exclusion criteria will not receive the VPL training during the study period. They will undergo the same schedule of baseline, post-study, and follow-up assessments as the experimental group, including evaluations of uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, Chinese reading visual acuity, eye movement performance, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEP). |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) From Baseline
Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) will be measured using the ETDRS or Snellen chart at a distance of 3 meters under standardized lighting conditions. The change in BCVA from baseline to post-training will be assessed.
Measured: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Secondary outcomes (5)
Change in Spherical Equivalent Refraction (Diopters) From Baseline
Spherical equivalent refraction will be measured using both automated and subjective refraction methods. Changes in spherical equivalent diopters will be assessed and compared between groups.
Measured: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Contrast Sensitivity Across Spatial Frequencies From Baseline
Contrast sensitivity will be measured using the CSV-1000E test at a distance of 2.5 meters, assessing spatial frequencies at 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles per degree (cpd). Changes from baseline will be evaluated.
Measured: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Visual Crowding Acuity From Baseline
Visual crowding acuity will be assessed using the Freiburg Vision Test (FrACT) before and after the training program. Changes from baseline will be evaluated.
Measured: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Reading Visual Acuity and Eye Movement Parameters From Baseline
Reading visual acuity and eye movements will be assessed using a custom Chinese reading test for children. Eye movements will be recorded using a Tobii eye tracker. Measured metrics include critical print size, maximum reading speed, and maximum reading acuity. Changes from baseline will be evaluated.
Measured: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Visual Acuity Measured by Sweep Visual Evoked Potentials (sVEP) From Baseline
Objective visual acuity will be measured using the sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEP) technique. Neural responses will be compared between pre- and post-training assessments to evaluate changes in visual acuity.
Measured: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Aug 2025
- Study start1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion30 Jun 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Jul 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for MyopiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Taiwan University HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07107646
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202504046RIND
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 30 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 14 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigating the Efficacy of Perceptual Learning in Blurred Gabor Discrimination Among Children With Low Myopia: An Exploratory Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07107646
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202504046RIND
- Conditions
- Myopia, Visual Rehabilitation, Perceptual Learning
- Keywords
- Low Myopia, Perceptual Learning, Visual Acuity, Visual Evoked Potentials
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- National Taiwan University HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 6 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This exploratory study investigates whether perceptual learning using blurred Gabor stimuli can improve uncorrected distance visual acuity in children aged 6-10 years with low myopia. Participants will be randomly assigned to a training group or control group. The training group will undergo individualized visual perceptual learning through a digital Vision Training System (VTS) for approximately 3 months. The study will also evaluate changes in refraction, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, Chinese reading acuity with eye movements, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEPs).
Detailed description
Perceptual learning (PL) is a non-invasive approach that enhances visual function through repeated visual tasks. Prior studies have demonstrated its potential in treating amblyopia and age-related visual decline. However, its application in children with low myopia remains underexplored.
This study has two main objectives:
To examine the effect of perceptual learning using blurred Gabor stimuli on uncorrected distance visual acuity in children with low myopia.
To investigate whether such training also improves refraction, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, reading vision with eye movement patterns, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEPs).
Thirty children aged 6-10 years with spherical equivalent refractive errors between -0.50 and -1.25 diopters (including ≤ -0.75 diopters of astigmatism) will be enrolled. Participants will be randomized into a training group or control group. The training group will undergo approximately 20 sessions of individualized visual perceptual learning using the Vision Training System (VTS), developed in collaboration with Bar Ilan University.
Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention, and at follow-up points up to 12 months. Measures include visual acuity, refractive status, contrast sensitivity (CSV-1000E), crowding acuity (FrACT), Chinese reading visual acuity (with Tobii eye tracking), and sVEPs.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Perceptual Learning Group | Experimental | Behavioral: vision training system, VTSChildren aged 4-10 years with low myopia will receive a structured visual perceptual learning (VPL) intervention using computerized blurred Gabor discrimination tasks. Training will be conducted at least twice per week, with each session lasting approximately 15-30 minutes, for up to 3 months. Training parameters will be remotely monitored and adjusted based on individual progress. Participants will undergo baseline, post-training, and follow-up assessments of uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, Chinese reading visual acuity, eye movement performance, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEP). |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Children aged 4-10 years with low myopia who meet the same inclusion and exclusion criteria will not receive the VPL training during the study period. They will undergo the same schedule of baseline, post-study, and follow-up assessments as the experimental group, including evaluations of uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, contrast sensitivity, visual crowding, Chinese reading visual acuity, eye movement performance, and sweep visual evoked potentials (sVEP). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 6 to 10 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Children aged between 6 to 10 years.
- Best corrected distance visual acuity of 6/6 or 0.00 logMAR.
- Diagnosed with low myopia after a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, with a spherical equivalent refractive error ranging from -0.50 to -1.25 diopters, including up to -0.75 diopters of astigmatism.
- Not currently undergoing any of the four standard myopia control treatments for children:
- Willing and able to provide informed consent, and able to comply with study procedures and assessments.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Participants will be excluded if they have any of the following ophthalmologic conditions:
- Strabismus
- Binocular vision problems
- Ocular diseases
- History of ocular surgery (excluding refractive surgery)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| vision training system, VTSParticipants in this group will receive individualized visual perceptual learning using the Vision Training System (VTS). The training involves blurred Gabor stimuli presented via a computer-based application. Each participant will complete approximately 20 training sessions over 3 months, with each session lasting 15 to 30 minutes, conducted twice per week. The program is designed to enhance uncorrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and other visual functions by engaging neural mechanisms related to perceptual learning. Training progression is adaptive based on individual performance. The VTS software was developed in collaboration with Bar Ilan University. | Behavioural | Visual Perceptual Learning Group |
Primary outcome
Change in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) From Baseline
Time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) will be measured using the ETDRS or Snellen chart at a distance of 3 meters under standardized lighting conditions. The change in BCVA from baseline to post-training will be assessed.
5 secondary outcomes
Change in Spherical Equivalent Refraction (Diopters) From Baseline
Time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Contrast Sensitivity Across Spatial Frequencies From Baseline
Time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Visual Crowding Acuity From Baseline
Time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Reading Visual Acuity and Eye Movement Parameters From Baseline
Time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Change in Visual Acuity Measured by Sweep Visual Evoked Potentials (sVEP) From Baseline
Time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Aug 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing vision training system, VTS in people with Myopia and Visual Rehabilitation, run by National Taiwan University Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Li-Ting Tsai, PhD (886-2-33668164, litingtsai@ntu.edu.tw), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) From Baseline (time frame: From enrollment to 12 months after completion of the 3-month training program). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Aug 2026.