Cigarette SmokingNCT07142668
Effects of Tax Proposals and Cigarette Availability on Tobacco Purchasing
A study testing Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available and Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available in people with Cigarette Smoking, run by Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This study will investigate the effects of normal-nicotine versus low-nicotine cigarette availability in the context of four tax proposals (Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and Modified Risk Tobacco Product-based taxes) on tobacco product purchasing patterns in a virtual marketplace. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Cigarette Smoking
- What is being tested?
- Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available and Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 316 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 14 Aug 2025to 30 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- provide informed consent
- provide a breath carbon monoxide sample ≥ 8 ppm,
- be at least 21 years of age (the legal age to purchase tobacco),
- smoke at least 10 cigarettes daily, and
- use other tobacco products less than weekly.
Who cannot join
- report uncontrolled physical or mental health conditions (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, high blood pressure, major depressive disorder, etc.),
- use of smoking cessation medications (e.g., nicotine replacement, bupropion, varenicline) in the past 30 days,
- report concrete, immediate plans to alter/quit using their usual tobacco products in the next 30 days,
- be pregnant or lactating, or
- have plans to move out of the area during the experiment.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Recruiting
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
Buffalo, New York, 14263
Lisa Kaiser, MPH, 716-845-3364, Lisa.Kaiser@RoswellPark.org
Christine E Sheffer, Ph.D.
- Recruiting
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
Roanoke, Virginia, 24016
Kirstin Gatchalian, 540-526-2071, kmgatch@vtc.vt.edu
Madeleine G Mason, Ph.D., 5405262114, mgmason@vtc.vt.edu
About this study
Official title: The Impact of Availability of Conventional Cigarettes and LNCs in the Context of Innovative Tax Proposals
This study will investigate the effects of normal-nicotine versus low-nicotine cigarette availability in the context of four tax proposals (Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and Modified Risk Tobacco Product-based taxes) on tobacco product purchasing patterns in a virtual marketplace.
Read the detailed description
In a within/between subjects design, the investigators will use an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) to systematically impose four innovative tobacco/nicotine tax proposals (Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and Modified Risk Tobacco Product-related taxes) covering a broad range of tax magnitudes. Participants will complete two control trials and one tax proposal condition, with and without the conventional cigarettes available in the marketplace. Each condition (with and without conventional cigarettes) will include five price scenarios, with tax rates increasing across scenarios by a multiplicative factor. Tobacco products are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax, according to the goals of each proposal.
- Conditions
- Cigarette Smoking
- Being tested
- Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available, Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available, Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available
- Keywords
- Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
- Medical subject headings
- Cigarette Smoking
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableBehavioural
In the Harm Reduction Tax Condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. All combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableBehavioural
In the Harm Reduction Tax Condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. All combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableBehavioural
In the Modified Risk Tobacco Products tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableBehavioural
In the Modified Risk Tobacco Products tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableBehavioural
In the Nicotine-Content Tax Condition, products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableBehavioural
In the Nicotine-Content Tax Condition, products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableBehavioural
In the Tobacco Parity Tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableBehavioural
In the Tobacco Parity Tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Tobacco Parity | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Tobacco Parity Tax condition. Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. Receives: Behavioral: Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available; Behavioral: Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available |
| Nicotine Content | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Nicotine-Content Tax Condition. Products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. Receives: Behavioral: Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available; Behavioral: Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available |
| Harm Reduction | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Harm Reduction Tax Condition. Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. Receives: Behavioral: Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available; Behavioral: Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available |
| Modified Risk Tobacco Products (MRTP) | Experimental | Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Modified Risk Tobacco Products tax condition. Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. Receives: Behavioral: Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available; Behavioral: Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Percent of Budget Allocated to Products from each Tax Tier
The investigators will measure the percent of each participant's study budget spent on products from each of the three tax tiers (high-, medium, and no-tax).
Measured: Day 1
Secondary outcomes (1)
Quantity of Products Purchased from each Tax Tier
The investigators will measure the quantity of individual units of tobacco/nicotine products purchased from each tax tier (high-, medium, and no-tax).
Measured: Day 1
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Aug 2025
- Study start14 Aug 2025
- Primary completion15 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Sep 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Cigarette SmokingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants will complete two control trials and one Experimental Marketplace condition, representing one of the four tax proposals. Within each tax policy group, each participant will complete five purchase scenarios in which conventional cigarettes are available and five in which conventional cigarettes are not available. In each condition, taxes will be increased proportionally across five trials to examine how cigarette purchasing and product substitution are affected.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 316 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jeffrey Stein, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Investigators
- Jeff S Stein, Ph.D., Principal investigator, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCChristine E Sheffer, Ph.D., Principal investigator, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07142668
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- VT IRB 25-612
- Other IDs
- R01CA266966
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Aug 2025
- Last updated
- 19 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The study team will share de-identified data upon request.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Impact of Availability of Conventional Cigarettes and LNCs in the Context of Innovative Tax Proposals
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07142668
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VT IRB 25-612
- Conditions
- Cigarette Smoking
- Keywords
- Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 316 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Study start
- 14 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 27 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will investigate the effects of normal-nicotine versus low-nicotine cigarette availability in the context of four tax proposals (Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and Modified Risk Tobacco Product-based taxes) on tobacco product purchasing patterns in a virtual marketplace.
Detailed description
In a within/between subjects design, the investigators will use an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) to systematically impose four innovative tobacco/nicotine tax proposals (Tobacco Parity, Nicotine-Content, Harm-Reduction, and Modified Risk Tobacco Product-related taxes) covering a broad range of tax magnitudes. Participants will complete two control trials and one tax proposal condition, with and without the conventional cigarettes available in the marketplace. Each condition (with and without conventional cigarettes) will include five price scenarios, with tax rates increasing across scenarios by a multiplicative factor. Tobacco products are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax, according to the goals of each proposal.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 4
- Model description
- Participants will complete two control trials and one Experimental Marketplace condition, representing one of the four tax proposals. Within each tax policy group, each participant will complete five purchase scenarios in which conventional cigarettes are available and five in which conventional cigarettes are not available. In each condition, taxes will be increased proportionally across five trials to examine how cigarette purchasing and product substitution are affected.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Tobacco Parity | Experimental | Behavioral: Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Behavioral: Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableExclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Tobacco Parity Tax condition. Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. |
| Nicotine Content | Experimental | Behavioral: Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Behavioral: Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableExclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Nicotine-Content Tax Condition. Products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. |
| Harm Reduction | Experimental | Behavioral: Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Behavioral: Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableExclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Harm Reduction Tax Condition. Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. |
| Modified Risk Tobacco Products (MRTP) | Experimental | Behavioral: Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Behavioral: Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableExclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to two control trials and the Modified Risk Tobacco Products tax condition. Tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- provide informed consent
- provide a breath carbon monoxide sample ≥ 8 ppm,
- be at least 21 years of age (the legal age to purchase tobacco),
- smoke at least 10 cigarettes daily, and
- use other tobacco products less than weekly.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- report uncontrolled physical or mental health conditions (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, high blood pressure, major depressive disorder, etc.),
- use of smoking cessation medications (e.g., nicotine replacement, bupropion, varenicline) in the past 30 days,
- report concrete, immediate plans to alter/quit using their usual tobacco products in the next 30 days,
- be pregnant or lactating, or
- have plans to move out of the area during the experiment.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableIn the Harm Reduction Tax Condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. All combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Harm Reduction |
| Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableIn the Harm Reduction Tax Condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. All combustible products with high abuse liability are placed in the high-tax tier. All non-combustible products or combustible products with low abuse liability are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Harm Reduction |
| Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableIn the Modified Risk Tobacco Products tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Modified Risk Tobacco Products (MRTP) |
| Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableIn the Modified Risk Tobacco Products tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all non-MRTP tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier, MRTPs are placed in the medium-tax tier, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Modified Risk Tobacco Products (MRTP) |
| Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableIn the Nicotine-Content Tax Condition, products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Nicotine Content |
| Nicotine Content Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableIn the Nicotine-Content Tax Condition, products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, products with greater than 3 mg nicotine per single unit are placed in the high-tax tier, products with 0.6-3.0 mg/unit in the medium-tax tier, and those with 0.5 mg/unit or less in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Nicotine Content |
| Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes AvailableIn the Tobacco Parity Tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Tobacco Parity |
| Tobacco Parity Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not AvailableIn the Tobacco Parity Tax condition, tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace are placed into three tax tiers: high-, medium-, and no-tax. In this condition, all tobacco products are placed in the high-tax tier while products that do not contain tobacco (e.g., herbal cigarettes and nicotine-free ENDS) are placed in the medium-tax tier. Nicotine Replacement Therapy products are placed in the no-tax tier. The participant's preferred normal-nicotine content cigarettes are NOT available in the marketplace. Participants complete two trials with all products offered at market price, and five trials with prices for each product increasing proportionally to tax tier. | Behavioural | Tobacco Parity |
Primary outcome
Percent of Budget Allocated to Products from each Tax Tier
Time frame: Day 1
The investigators will measure the percent of each participant's study budget spent on products from each of the three tax tiers (high-, medium, and no-tax).
1 secondary outcome
Quantity of Products Purchased from each Tax Tier
Time frame: Day 1
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The study team will share de-identified data upon request.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Jeff S Stein, Ph.D. principal investigator
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
Christine E Sheffer, Ph.D. principal investigator
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available, Harm Reduction Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Not Available and Modified Risk Tobacco Product Tax - Normal Nicotine Cigarettes Available in people with Cigarette Smoking, run by Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Kirstin Gatchalian (540-526-2071, kmgatch@vtc.vt.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Percent of Budget Allocated to Products from each Tax Tier (time frame: Day 1). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 May 2026.