Temporomandibular Joint DisordersNCT07147764
Comparison of the Effect of Pain Neuroscience Education Combined With Physiotherapy, and Physiotherapy Alone in Temporomandibular Disorders
A study testing Physiotherapy and Pain Neuroscience Education in people with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, run by Ainaz Shahedi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This research study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) when it is added to a physiotherapy program for people experiencing chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- What is being tested?
- Physiotherapy and Pain Neuroscience Education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 14 Jun 2025to 30 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Diagnosed with pain-related TMDs according to DC/TMD guidelines
- Chronic TMD pain, defined as experiencing pain for at least six months and feeling the pain during the last 30 days
- Age between 18-65 years
Who cannot join
- Illiterate patients
- Severe depression (medical diagnoses)
- Previous diagnosis of uncontrolled psychiatric disorder neurodegenerative diseases
- Clinical history of tumors in the craniofacial region
- Patients in the post dental surgery period
- Patients who were submitted to previous physical therapy in the past year or to any health/pain education strategy
- Pregnant women
- Infections, whiplash-associated disorders and with chronic degenerative inflammatory or neurologic disorders
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Istanbul Medipol University
Istanbul, Kavacik, 34810
About this study
This research study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) when it is added to a physiotherapy program for people experiencing chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD). To see whether adding PNE to physiotherapy program would provides additional benefits in reducing pain intensity, improving psychological well-being, and enhancing functional outcomes. The findings are expected to provide new insights into more comprehensive and patient-centered treatment strategies for managing chronic TMD.
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups:
Read more
Control Group: Physiotherapy only
PNE Group: Physiotherapy plus Pain Neuroscience Education
Both groups will receive their respective treatments for a set period of time.
- Conditions
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Being tested
- Physiotherapy, Pain Neuroscience Education
- Keywords
- Temporomandibular Disorder, Pain Neuroscience Education, Chronic Pain
- Medical subject headings
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Chronic Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PhysiotherapyOther
Physiotherapy treatment programs include therapeutic ultrasound, muscle relaxation techniques, range of motion exercises, and joint and soft tissue mobilization.
Pain Neuroscience EducationBehavioural
PNE sessions will be conducted in addition to physiotherapy programs for intervention groups. PNE sessions will occupy half of each session during the first two weeks. Physiotherapists trained in PNE will deliver sessions using a combination of metaphors, animated videos, and scientifically accurate descriptions. The same physiotherapist will lead both sessions with the same patient.
Active learning techniques will include:
Connecting new information with prior knowledge. Operationalizing key pain concepts into individual contexts. Facilitated problem-solving and critical reflection.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control group (CG): Physiotherapy | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Physiotherapy |
| Pain Neuroscience Group (PNEG): Physiotherapy + Pain Neuroscience Education | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Pain Neuroscience Education |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory (CF-PDI)
It consists of 21 items, with a score ranging from 0 to 63 points. Each question is scored on a 4-point ordinal scale, ranging from 0 to 3. A higher score reflects higher disability levels.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Secondary outcomes (8)
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
It includes an 11-point numerical rating scale, ranging from 0, indicating (no pain), to 10, representing (the worst pain imaginable),.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)
It consists of 10 items scored on a 7-point ordinal scale (ranging from 0: "not at all confident" to 6: "completely confident").
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)
It consists of 13 items for the assessment of catastrophizing thoughts. It is divided into three domains: helplessness, magnification, and rumination. Each item is scored on a 5-point ordinal scale. The PCS total score ranges from 0 to 52 points, higher values denote greater pain catastrophizing.
Measured: Baseline,1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
It comprises two subscales: HADS-Anxiety (HADS-A) and HADS-Depression (HADS-D), each consisting of seven items distributed throughout the questionnaire. Every item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 to 3, reflecting the severity of symptoms. A score of 8 or above on either subscale is considered indicative of possible anxiety or depression.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia specific to Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD)
It consists of 12 items. Each item is scored on a 4-point ordinal scale, ranging from "strongly disagree" (score = 1) to "strongly agree" (score = 4). Ratings are summed to yield a total score. Higher scores reflect a greater fear of movement (12-48 points).
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (rNPQ)
It includes 12 items, each requiring a true, false, or undecided response. Each correct answer receives one point, while incorrect or undecided answers receive zero. Total scores range from 0 to 12, with higher scores reflecting greater knowledge of pain-related physiological concepts.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS)
The tool consists of six items rated on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (strongly agree) to 4 (totally disagree). Items with positively worded statements are reverse-scored to maintain consistency in interpretation. The total adherence score ranges from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to the exercise regimen.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Fear Avoidance Components Scale (FACS)
This self-administered questionnaire comprises 20 items rated on a 6-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (completely disagree) to 6 (completely agree), yielding a maximum score of 100. Higher scores indicate stronger fear-avoidance beliefs.
Measured: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Aug 2025
- Study start14 Jun 2025
- Primary completion30 Jun 2026
- Study completion30 Jun 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (26)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Temporomandibular Joint DisordersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ainaz Shahedi
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Medipol University
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Ainaz Shahedi, Istanbul Medipol University Hospital
- Investigators
- Gizem Ergezen Şahin, Dr. Assistant Professor, Study director, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation/Istanbul Medipol University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07147764
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- E-10840098-202.3.02-2936
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 22 Aug 2025
- Last updated
- 6 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: At present, there is no plan to share individual participant data (IPD) outside the research team due to the small sample size and confidentiality considerations. However, in the future, de-identified data may be shared if required by institutional policy, journal requirements, or upon reasonable request from qualified researchers, always in accordance with ethical and legal standards.
Publications
Justribo-Manion C, Mesa-Jimenez J, Bara-Casaus J, Zuil-Escobar JC, Wachowska K, Alvarez-Bustins G. Additional effects of therapeutic exercise and education on manual therapy for chronic temporomandibular disorders treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Physiother Theory Pract. 2025 Jan;41(1):12-27. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2024.2316305. Epub 2024 Feb 14.
PubMed 38353484von Piekartz H, Bleiss S, Herzer S, Hall T, Ballenberger N. Does combining oro-facial manual therapy with bruxism neuroscience education affect pain and function in cases of awake bruxism? A pilot study. J Oral Rehabil. 2024 Sep;51(9):1692-1700. doi: 10.1111/joor.13740. Epub 2024 Jun 18.
PubMed 38894567Wood L, Hendrick PA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pain neuroscience education for chronic low back pain: Short-and long-term outcomes of pain and disability. Eur J Pain. 2019 Feb;23(2):234-249. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1314. Epub 2018 Oct 14.
PubMed 30178503Kasimis K, Apostolou T, Kallistratos I, Lytras D, Iakovidis P. Effects of Manual Therapy Plus Pain Neuroscience Education with Integrated Motivational Interviewing in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Mar 29;60(4):556. doi: 10.3390/medicina60040556.
PubMed 38674202Babatunde OO, Jordan JL, Van der Windt DA, Hill JC, Foster NE, Protheroe J. Effective treatment options for musculoskeletal pain in primary care: A systematic overview of current evidence. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 22;12(6):e0178621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178621. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 28640822Lin I, Wiles L, Waller R, Goucke R, Nagree Y, Gibberd M, Straker L, Maher CG, O'Sullivan PPB. What does best practice care for musculoskeletal pain look like? Eleven consistent recommendations from high-quality clinical practice guidelines: systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2020 Jan;54(2):79-86. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099878. Epub 2019 Mar 2.
PubMed 30826805Watson JA, Ryan CG, Cooper L, Ellington D, Whittle R, Lavender M, Dixon J, Atkinson G, Cooper K, Martin DJ. Pain Neuroscience Education for Adults With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain. 2019 Oct;20(10):1140.e1-1140.e22. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.02.011. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
PubMed 30831273Lepri B, Romani D, Storari L, Barbari V. Effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education in Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Central Sensitization: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 24;20(5):4098. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054098.
PubMed 36901108Louw A, Schuemann T, Zimney K, Puentedura EJ. Pain Neuroscience Education for Acute Pain. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2024 Jun 2;19(6):758-767. doi: 10.26603/001c.118179. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 38835986Wadhokar OC, Patil DS. Current Trends in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction: A Review. Cureus. 2022 Sep 19;14(9):e29314. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29314. eCollection 2022 Sep.
PubMed 36277551Yao L, Sadeghirad B, Li M, Li J, Wang Q, Crandon HN, Martin G, Morgan R, Florez ID, Hunskaar BS, Wells J, Moradi S, Zhu Y, Ahmed MM, Gao Y, Cao L, Yang K, Tian J, Li J, Zhong L, Couban RJ, Guyatt GH, Agoritsas T, Busse JW. Management of chronic pain secondary to temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2023 Dec 15;383:e076226. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076226.
PubMed 38101924Urbanski P, Trybulec B, Pihut M. The Application of Manual Techniques in Masticatory Muscles Relaxation as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 8;18(24):12970. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182412970.
PubMed 34948580Ferrillo M, Giudice A, Marotta N, Fortunato F, Di Venere D, Ammendolia A, Fiore P, de Sire A. Pain Management and Rehabilitation for Central Sensitization in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 12;23(20):12164. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012164.
PubMed 36293017Garstka AA, Kozowska L, Kijak K, Brzozka M, Gronwald H, Skomro P, Lietz-Kijak D. Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Painful Temporomandibular Disorders: A Literature Review Supplemented by Own Clinical Experience. Pain Res Manag. 2023 Jan 31;2023:1002235. doi: 10.1155/2023/1002235. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 36760766Cho YK, Jung YL, Im A, Hong SJ, Kim K. Social Media-Based Pain Neuroscience Education for Temporomandibular Joint Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2025 Jun;26(3):e261-e269. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.12.010. Epub 2025 Jan 17.
PubMed 39827051
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of the Effect of Pain Neuroscience Education Combined With Physiotherapy, and Physiotherapy Alone in Temporomandibular Disorders
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07147764
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- E-10840098-202.3.02-2936
- Conditions
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Keywords
- Temporomandibular Disorder, Pain Neuroscience Education, Chronic Pain
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ainaz ShahediUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Medipol University
- Study start
- 14 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This research study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) when it is added to a physiotherapy program for people experiencing chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD). To see whether adding PNE to physiotherapy program would provides additional benefits in reducing pain intensity, improving psychological well-being, and enhancing functional outcomes. The findings are expected to provide new insights into more comprehensive and patient-centered treatment strategies for managing chronic TMD.
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups:
Control Group: Physiotherapy only
PNE Group: Physiotherapy plus Pain Neuroscience Education
Both groups will receive their respective treatments for a set period of time.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control group (CG): Physiotherapy | Active comparator | Other: Physiotherapy |
| Pain Neuroscience Group (PNEG): Physiotherapy + Pain Neuroscience Education | Experimental | Behavioral: Pain Neuroscience Education |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Diagnosed with pain-related TMDs according to DC/TMD guidelines
- Chronic TMD pain, defined as experiencing pain for at least six months and feeling the pain during the last 30 days
- Age between 18-65 years
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Illiterate patients
- Severe depression (medical diagnoses)
- Previous diagnosis of uncontrolled psychiatric disorder neurodegenerative diseases
- Clinical history of tumors in the craniofacial region
- Patients in the post dental surgery period
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PhysiotherapyPhysiotherapy treatment programs include therapeutic ultrasound, muscle relaxation techniques, range of motion exercises, and joint and soft tissue mobilization. | Other | Control group (CG): Physiotherapy |
| Pain Neuroscience EducationPNE sessions will be conducted in addition to physiotherapy programs for intervention groups. PNE sessions will occupy half of each session during the first two weeks. Physiotherapists trained in PNE will deliver sessions using a combination of metaphors, animated videos, and scientifically accurate descriptions. The same physiotherapist will lead both sessions with the same patient. Active learning techniques will include: Connecting new information with prior knowledge. Operationalizing key pain concepts into individual contexts. Facilitated problem-solving and critical reflection. | Behavioural | Pain Neuroscience Group (PNEG): Physiotherapy + Pain Neuroscience Education |
Primary outcome
The Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory (CF-PDI)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
It consists of 21 items, with a score ranging from 0 to 63 points. Each question is scored on a 4-point ordinal scale, ranging from 0 to 3. A higher score reflects higher disability levels.
8 secondary outcomes
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)
Time frame: Baseline,1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia specific to Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (rNPQ)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Fear Avoidance Components Scale (FACS)
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 38353484Justribo-Manion C, Mesa-Jimenez J, Bara-Casaus J, Zuil-Escobar JC, Wachowska K, Alvarez-Bustins G. Additional effects of therapeutic exercise and education on manual therapy for chronic temporomandibular disorders treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Physiother Theory Pract. 2025 Jan;41(1):12-27. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2024.2316305. Epub 2024 Feb 14.
- Background: PubMed 38894567von Piekartz H, Bleiss S, Herzer S, Hall T, Ballenberger N. Does combining oro-facial manual therapy with bruxism neuroscience education affect pain and function in cases of awake bruxism? A pilot study. J Oral Rehabil. 2024 Sep;51(9):1692-1700. doi: 10.1111/joor.13740. Epub 2024 Jun 18.
- Background: PubMed 30178503Wood L, Hendrick PA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pain neuroscience education for chronic low back pain: Short-and long-term outcomes of pain and disability. Eur J Pain. 2019 Feb;23(2):234-249. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1314. Epub 2018 Oct 14.
- Background: PubMed 38674202Kasimis K, Apostolou T, Kallistratos I, Lytras D, Iakovidis P. Effects of Manual Therapy Plus Pain Neuroscience Education with Integrated Motivational Interviewing in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Mar 29;60(4):556. doi: 10.3390/medicina60040556.
- Background: PubMed 28640822Babatunde OO, Jordan JL, Van der Windt DA, Hill JC, Foster NE, Protheroe J. Effective treatment options for musculoskeletal pain in primary care: A systematic overview of current evidence. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 22;12(6):e0178621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178621. eCollection 2017.
- Background: PubMed 30826805Lin I, Wiles L, Waller R, Goucke R, Nagree Y, Gibberd M, Straker L, Maher CG, O'Sullivan PPB. What does best practice care for musculoskeletal pain look like? Eleven consistent recommendations from high-quality clinical practice guidelines: systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2020 Jan;54(2):79-86. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099878. Epub 2019 Mar 2.
- Background: PubMed 30831273Watson JA, Ryan CG, Cooper L, Ellington D, Whittle R, Lavender M, Dixon J, Atkinson G, Cooper K, Martin DJ. Pain Neuroscience Education for Adults With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain. 2019 Oct;20(10):1140.e1-1140.e22. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.02.011. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
- Background: PubMed 36901108Lepri B, Romani D, Storari L, Barbari V. Effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education in Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Central Sensitization: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 24;20(5):4098. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054098.
- Background: PubMed 38835986Louw A, Schuemann T, Zimney K, Puentedura EJ. Pain Neuroscience Education for Acute Pain. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2024 Jun 2;19(6):758-767. doi: 10.26603/001c.118179. eCollection 2024.
- Background: PubMed 36277551Wadhokar OC, Patil DS. Current Trends in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction: A Review. Cureus. 2022 Sep 19;14(9):e29314. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29314. eCollection 2022 Sep.
- Background: PubMed 38101924Yao L, Sadeghirad B, Li M, Li J, Wang Q, Crandon HN, Martin G, Morgan R, Florez ID, Hunskaar BS, Wells J, Moradi S, Zhu Y, Ahmed MM, Gao Y, Cao L, Yang K, Tian J, Li J, Zhong L, Couban RJ, Guyatt GH, Agoritsas T, Busse JW. Management of chronic pain secondary to temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2023 Dec 15;383:e076226. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076226.
- Background: PubMed 34948580Urbanski P, Trybulec B, Pihut M. The Application of Manual Techniques in Masticatory Muscles Relaxation as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 8;18(24):12970. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182412970.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. At present, there is no plan to share individual participant data (IPD) outside the research team due to the small sample size and confidentiality considerations. However, in the future, de-identified data may be shared if required by institutional policy, journal requirements, or upon reasonable request from qualified researchers, always in accordance with ethical and legal standards.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Gizem Ergezen Şahin, Dr. Assistant Professor study director
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation/Istanbul Medipol University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Physiotherapy and Pain Neuroscience Education in people with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, run by Ainaz Shahedi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory (CF-PDI) (time frame: Baseline, 1 month after start of treatment, Immediate post-treatment, 3 month follow up). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07147764, which also lists 26 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Oct 2026.