FlatfootNCT07155577
Effects of Pes Planus on Gait at Different Inclines
An observational study of Flatfoot and Gait, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aims to investigate the effects of pes planus deformity on gait spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics during walking on different inclines. Participants will include healthy adults aged 18-35 years with flexible bilateral pes planus and normal body mass index. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2025to 1 May 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: Adults aged 18-35 years with normal body mass index will be recruited. The study will include two groups: Flexible Pes Planus Group: Participants with bilateral, asymptomatic, flexible pes planus confirmed by Jack's toe-raise test and a navicular drop ≥10 mm. Healthy Control Group: Participants without pes planus deformity and with normal foot posture.
Who may be able to join
- Age 18-35 years
- Normal BMI
- Bilateral, asymptomatic flexible pes planus
- Navicular drop ≥10 mm (both feet)
- Willing and able to provide informed consent and complete the procedure.
- Healthy Control Group
Show all 9Show fewer
- Age 18-35 years
- Normal BMI
- No pes planus deformity; otherwise healthy and able to complete procedures
Who cannot join
- Use of orthotics/insoles
- Musculoskeletal disorders affecting gait (other than pes planus in the case group)
- Lower extremity injury or surgery within the last 6 months
- Chronic ankle instability
- Any treatment related to the lower extremity/pes planus within the last 6 months
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Investigation of the Effects of Pes Planus Deformity on Gait Parameters at Different Inclines
This study aims to investigate the effects of pes planus deformity on gait spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics during walking on different inclines. Participants will include healthy adults aged 18-35 years with flexible bilateral pes planus and normal body mass index. Pes planus severity will be evaluated using the Jack's toe-raise test and the navicular drop test. Gait parameters such as walking speed, cadence, stride length, stance and swing phase percentages, gait cycle duration, as well as pelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation symmetry will be measured using the BTS-G wireless sensor system. Assessments will be performed on both flat and inclined treadmill conditions. The findings are expected to provide new insights into the biomechanical adaptations of pes planus during walking and contribute to the development of an individualized rehabilitation protocol.
Read the detailed description
This study will evaluate the effects of pes planus deformity on gait spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics during walking on flat and inclined surfaces. Flexible pes planus will be confirmed with Jack's toe-raise test, and severity will be assessed using the navicular drop test.
Healthy adults aged 18-35 years with bilateral flexible pes planus and normal BMI will be included. Exclusion criteria are lower extremity injury or surgery in the last 6 months, chronic ankle instability, other musculoskeletal disorders, or orthotic use.
Gait will be assessed with the BTS-G wireless sensor system, recording speed, cadence, stride length, stance and swing phase percentages, gait cycle duration, pelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation symmetry. Participants will walk in standard sports shoes on level and inclined treadmill conditions. Data will be analyzed to determine biomechanical differences across surfaces.
The findings may provide insights into how pes planus influences gait and contributes to rehabilitation and footwear strategies.
- Medical subject headings
- Flatfoot
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Flexible Pes Planus Group | Adults aged 18-35 years with bilateral flexible pes planus, confirmed by Jack's toe-raise test and navicular drop ≥10 mm | |
| Healthy Control Group | Adults aged 18-35 years with normal BMI and no pes planus deformity. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Gait Speed (Level vs. Inclined Walking)
Self-selected walking speed (m/s) measured during 20-m trials under level and inclined treadmill conditions using the BTS-G wireless sensor (L4-L5 placement). Between-group (pes planus vs control) and within-condition comparisons.
Measured: up to 6 months
Cadence
Steps per minute captured by BTS-G during level and inclined walking; between-group and within-condition comparisons.Unit of Measure: steps/min.
Measured: up to 6 months
Stride Length
Stride length (cm) during level and inclined walking recorded via BTS-G; between-group and within-condition comparisons.
Measured: up to 6 months
Stance and Swing Phase Percentages
Percentage of the gait cycle spent in stance and swing (%) under level and inclined conditions using BTS-G; between-group and within-condition comparisons.
Measured: up to 6 months
Pelvic Kinematics-pelvic tilt
Pelvic tilt recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.
Measured: up to 6 months
Pelvic Kinematics-pelvic obliquity
Pelvic obliquity recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.
Measured: up to 6 months
Pelvic Kinematics- pelvic rotation
Pelvic rotation recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.
Measured: up to 6 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Navicular Drop (Severity of Pes Planus)
Navicular drop distance measured to quantify pes planus severity (baseline characterization).Unit of Measure: mm.
Measured: Baseline (prior to treadmill assessments)
BMI (Body Mass Index)
Calculated as weight(kg)/height(m²) for baseline characterization.Unit of Measure: kg/m².
Measured: Baseline (prior to treadmill assessments)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Sep 2025
- Study start1 Jul 2025
- Primary completion25 Jan 2026
- Study completion1 May 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for FlatfootStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Hacettepe UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Yuksek Ihtisas University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Güngör Beyza ÖZVAR, Hacettepe University
- Investigators
- Aybuke Ertugrul, Principal investigator, Yuksek Ihtisas UniversityElıf Ceren Ersoy, Principal investigator, Yuksek Ihtisas UniversityBusra Kalkan Balak, Study director, Yuksek Ihtisas UniversityZehranur Dağasar, Principal investigator, Yuksek Ihtisas University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07155577
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Pes Planus
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Aug 2025
- Last updated
- 22 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigation of the Effects of Pes Planus Deformity on Gait Parameters at Different Inclines
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07155577
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Pes Planus
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Yuksek Ihtisas University
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 May 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to investigate the effects of pes planus deformity on gait spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics during walking on different inclines. Participants will include healthy adults aged 18-35 years with flexible bilateral pes planus and normal body mass index. Pes planus severity will be evaluated using the Jack's toe-raise test and the navicular drop test. Gait parameters such as walking speed, cadence, stride length, stance and swing phase percentages, gait cycle duration, as well as pelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation symmetry will be measured using the BTS-G wireless sensor system. Assessments will be performed on both flat and inclined treadmill conditions. The findings are expected to provide new insights into the biomechanical adaptations of pes planus during walking and contribute to the development of an individualized rehabilitation protocol.
Detailed description
This study will evaluate the effects of pes planus deformity on gait spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics during walking on flat and inclined surfaces. Flexible pes planus will be confirmed with Jack's toe-raise test, and severity will be assessed using the navicular drop test.
Healthy adults aged 18-35 years with bilateral flexible pes planus and normal BMI will be included. Exclusion criteria are lower extremity injury or surgery in the last 6 months, chronic ankle instability, other musculoskeletal disorders, or orthotic use.
Gait will be assessed with the BTS-G wireless sensor system, recording speed, cadence, stride length, stance and swing phase percentages, gait cycle duration, pelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation symmetry. Participants will walk in standard sports shoes on level and inclined treadmill conditions. Data will be analyzed to determine biomechanical differences across surfaces.
The findings may provide insights into how pes planus influences gait and contributes to rehabilitation and footwear strategies.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Flexible Pes Planus Group | – | –Adults aged 18-35 years with bilateral flexible pes planus, confirmed by Jack's toe-raise test and navicular drop ≥10 mm |
| Healthy Control Group | – | –Adults aged 18-35 years with normal BMI and no pes planus deformity. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- Adults aged 18-35 years with normal body mass index will be recruited. The study will include two groups: Flexible Pes Planus Group: Participants with bilateral, asymptomatic, flexible pes planus confirmed by Jack's toe-raise test and a navicular drop ≥10 mm. Healthy Control Group: Participants without pes planus deformity and with normal foot posture.
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Age 18-35 years
- Normal BMI
- Bilateral, asymptomatic flexible pes planus
- Navicular drop ≥10 mm (both feet)
- Willing and able to provide informed consent and complete the procedure.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Use of orthotics/insoles
- Musculoskeletal disorders affecting gait (other than pes planus in the case group)
- Lower extremity injury or surgery within the last 6 months
- Chronic ankle instability
- Any treatment related to the lower extremity/pes planus within the last 6 months
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Gait Speed (Level vs. Inclined Walking)
Time frame: up to 6 months
Self-selected walking speed (m/s) measured during 20-m trials under level and inclined treadmill conditions using the BTS-G wireless sensor (L4-L5 placement). Between-group (pes planus vs control) and within-condition comparisons.
Cadence
Time frame: up to 6 months
Steps per minute captured by BTS-G during level and inclined walking; between-group and within-condition comparisons.Unit of Measure: steps/min.
Stride Length
Time frame: up to 6 months
Stride length (cm) during level and inclined walking recorded via BTS-G; between-group and within-condition comparisons.
Stance and Swing Phase Percentages
Time frame: up to 6 months
Percentage of the gait cycle spent in stance and swing (%) under level and inclined conditions using BTS-G; between-group and within-condition comparisons.
Pelvic Kinematics-pelvic tilt
Time frame: up to 6 months
Pelvic tilt recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.
Pelvic Kinematics-pelvic obliquity
Time frame: up to 6 months
Pelvic obliquity recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.
Pelvic Kinematics- pelvic rotation
Time frame: up to 6 months
Pelvic rotation recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.
2 secondary outcomes
Navicular Drop (Severity of Pes Planus)
Time frame: Baseline (prior to treadmill assessments)
BMI (Body Mass Index)
Time frame: Baseline (prior to treadmill assessments)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Flatfoot
Recruiting
Effects of Custom 3D Printed Insoles and Short Foot Exercises in Pes Planus
Pes Planus
Not yet recruiting
Correlation Between Soft Tissue Displacement and Functional Performance in Orthopedic Patients
Hamstring Muscle Strain, Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity
Not yet recruiting
The Corrective Power of Subtalar Arthrodesis With Mini/Medial Bone Block (SAMBB) in Patients Affected by Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity (PCFD): Analysis Using Weight-bearing Cone Beam CT.
Flat Foot
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Tibialis Posterior Muscle Morphology in Flexible Flatfeet Subjects
Flexible Flatfoot
Recruiting
Plantar Stimulation, Whole-Body Vibration, and Baduanjin for Muscle Activation
Flat Feet, Lower-Limb Muscle Activation
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Aybuke Ertugrul principal investigator
Yuksek Ihtisas University
Elıf Ceren Ersoy principal investigator
Yuksek Ihtisas University
Busra Kalkan Balak study director
Yuksek Ihtisas University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Flatfoot and Gait, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Gait Speed (Level vs. Inclined Walking) (time frame: up to 6 months). The study lists 7 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 May 2026.