Cannabis UseCann'AppNCT07157540
Testing the Effects of Cann'App, a Digital Intervention for Cannabis Harm Reduction
A study testing Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF), Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN) and Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS) in people with Cannabis Use and Harm Reduction, run by Jacques Gaume at 1 site in Switzerland.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a digital web application can prevent the risks related to cannabis use among adult regular cannabis users who are enrolled in a pilot trial for cannabis sales regulation conducted in Lausanne, Switzerland (i.e., Cann-L study) and have agreed that their data were used in… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Cannabis Use, Harm Reduction
- What is being tested?
- Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF), Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN) and Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS)
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 565 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSwitzerland
- Study dates
- 5 Jan 2026to Aug 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Eligible participants will be those included in the pilot trial of cannabis sales regulation in Lausanne, Switzerland (Cann-L study).
- being adult (>18 years old),
- having current cannabis use (i.e., use at least once a month over the last 6 months)
- living in the city of Lausanne. To enter the study, they complete an entry assessment verifying their age and proof of residence, and confirming that they have current cannabis use.
Who cannot join
- Cann-L exclusion criteria comprise:
- being younger than 18 years old,
- being pregnant or breastfeeding,
- having a health condition contraindicating the use of cannabis (e.g., severe psychiatric disorder).
- The consent to participate in the Cann-L parent trial comprises an option to be contacted to participate in sub-studies, including studies on prevention measures. All participants having accepted to be so contacted will be proposed to participate in the present study.
- Therefore, additional exclusion criteria for the present study include:
- not providing informed consent to participate in sub-studies, including studies on prevention measures,
- not providing informed consent to participate in the present study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Switzerland1 site
Lausanne University Hospital
Lausanne, Vaud Canton, 1011
About this study
Official title: Testing the Effects of a Digital Intervention for Cannabis Harm Reduction - The Cann'App Fractional Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a digital web application can prevent the risks related to cannabis use among adult regular cannabis users who are enrolled in a pilot trial for cannabis sales regulation conducted in Lausanne, Switzerland (i.e., Cann-L study) and have agreed that their data were used in other studies.
The main question it aims to answer is:
Read more
Do participants who have access to the intervention modules of the web application raise their use of protective behavioral strategies to lower cannabis-related risks?
Researchers will compare the intervention modules to a control module (i.e., information on cannabis-related risks and harm reduction) to see if the web application works to prevent the risks related to cannabis use. They will also compare intervention modules across each other to see whether one works better than another.
Participants will:
- Create a user account in the web application
- Access the web application using a laptop, tablet or smartphone
- Use the web application as they wish throughout the duration of the study
- Complete the regular Cann-L study questionnaires every six months, which will be used to measure their cannabis use and related risks.
- Conditions
- Cannabis Use, Harm Reduction
- Being tested
- Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF), Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN), Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS), Information
- Keywords
- Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Digital Intervention, Adult Regular Cannabis Users, Personalized Normative Feedback, Substance-Free Activity Session, Cannabis Harm Reduction, Counterfactual Thinking, Episodic Future Thinking, Web-Based Application, Cannabis Expenditures, Cannabis Related-Consequences
- Medical subject headings
- Harm Reduction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF)Behavioural
PF comprises the following content:
- Self-reported PBS questionnaire, personalized feedback on PBS, possibility to select strategies to start using or use more often, possibility to set a reminder to use PBS strategies.
- Short questionnaire on cannabis use (frequency/number of hours under the influence) and normative feedback on participant's cannabis use as compared to people of same age and gender in the general population and among Cann-L participants.
- Question on money spent for cannabis purchase, personalized feedback (total amount spent and corresponding number of grams of cannabis over one year), gamified gauge to picture potential yearly savings, reflection on how to use the saved money, and possibility to set a reminder for money saving objectives.
- Questionnaire on cannabis-related consequences, feedback on the level of consequences met, question about which consequence(s) participant might want to think about, and possibility to set a reminder to think about consequences.
Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN)Behavioural
Two-task intervention including:
- Counterfactual thinking:
- Description of a recent negative situation related to cannabis use encountered by the participant
- Identification of a preventive strategy that would have addressed this situation
- Writing a sentence formatted as "If only +preventive strategy, then + description on how the specific past problem would have improved"
- Assessment of participant's intention and confidence in using the preventive strategy
- Imagining a future situation using this preventive strategy
- Possibility to set a reminder of the preventive strategy.
- Episodic future thinking:
- Description of a significant positive event that might occur in the short-term (3 months) and that does not involve cannabis use
- Assessment of the importance and enjoyment of this positive event
- Encouragement to imagine it as vividly as possible
- Suggestion to describe the positive event in detail and to write it down
- Possibility to set a reminder of the positive event.
Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS)Behavioural
SFAS includes:
- A questionnaire on how participant value different aspects of their life, and feedback on valued domains.
- Two open-ended questions on short- and long-term life goals.
- A questionnaire assessing time allocation (hours per week allocated to different activities, e.g. socializing, working, etc.), and personalized feedback including the time spent using substances and recovering from their effects.
- Gamified exercise to imagine allocating time in a different way.
- List of substance-free recreational activities in the region of Lausanne, with possibility to select activities on a "wish-list" including internet hyperlinks.
- Possibility to set a reminder of the selected activities.
- Single-item questionnaire on stress and mood, and feedback on stress and mood level.
- Open-ended question on coping strategies currently used for stress and mood.
- List of coping strategies that can be selected.
- Possibility to set a reminder of stress/mood coping strategies.
InformationBehavioural
Minimal intervention (Control Intervention), consisting of simple, text-only web pages containing information on cannabis effects and health-related risks, cannabis consumption modes, cannabis harm reduction and protective behavioral strategies, as well as hyperlinks to additional resources and online help.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Condition 1 - Personalized Feedback + Information | Experimental | Access to "Personalized Feedback" module (PF, Study Intervention) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) Receives: Behavioral: Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF); Behavioral: Information |
| Condition 2 - Imagine the future + Information | Experimental | Access to "Imagine the Future" module (IMAGIN, Study Intervention) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) Receives: Behavioral: Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN); Behavioral: Information |
| Condition 3 - Substance-Free Activities Session + Information | Experimental | Access to "Substance-Free Activities Session" module (SFAS, Study Intervention) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) Receives: Behavioral: Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS); Behavioral: Information |
| Condition 4 - Full Intervention + Information | Experimental | Access to the full intervention (PF+IMAGIN+SFAS) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) Receives: Behavioral: Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF); Behavioral: Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN); Behavioral: Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS); Behavioral: Information |
| Condition 5 - Information only (Control) | Active comparator | Access to "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) Receives: Behavioral: Information |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Frequency of Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Use as Measured by the PBSM-17 Short Form Scale
This outcome will be measured using the Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Use (PBSM-17) Short Form scale, a self-reported 17-item questionnaire measuring the frequency of PBS for cannabis use on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 6 (always).
Measured: This outcome will be assessed at 1- and 7-month follow-up.
Secondary outcomes (2)
Cannabis Use Frequency
Cannabis Use Frequency will be measured using a single item asking "During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cannabis?"
Measured: This outcome will be measured at 1- and 7-month follow-up.
Number of Hours High on a Typical Day
The number of hours under influence will be measured using a single item asking "How many total hours were you high on a typical day when you had been using cannabis?"
Measured: This outcome will be measured at 1- and 7-month follow-up.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Sep 2025
- Study start5 Jan 2026
- Primary completionJul 2027 (estimated)
- Study completionAug 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Cannabis UseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Model description
- Monocentric 5-arm fractional factorial randomized controlled trial.
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 565 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Jacques Gaume
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Swiss National Science Foundation, Apptitude, Addiction Switzerland
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Jacques Gaume, University of Lausanne Hospitals
- Investigators
- Jacques Gaume, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Lausanne Hospitals
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07157540
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025-00428
- Other IDs
- 10001E_220072, 2025
- Acronym
- Cann'App
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Aug 2025
- Last updated
- 12 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The data collected for this study may be reused and/or transmitted for other studies (including abroad), always in coded form (i.e., deidentified dataset). For each instance of reuse in another study, a data transfer agreement will need to be established.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Testing the Effects of a Digital Intervention for Cannabis Harm Reduction - The Cann'App Fractional Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07157540
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Cann'App / 2025-00428
- Conditions
- Cannabis Use, Harm Reduction
- Keywords
- Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Digital Intervention, Adult Regular Cannabis Users, Personalized Normative Feedback, Substance-Free Activity Session, Cannabis Harm Reduction, Counterfactual Thinking
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Enrolling by invitation
- Enrolment
- 565 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Jacques GaumeUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Swiss National Science Foundation, Apptitude, Addiction Switzerland
- Study start
- 5 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jul 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Aug 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 5 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a digital web application can prevent the risks related to cannabis use among adult regular cannabis users who are enrolled in a pilot trial for cannabis sales regulation conducted in Lausanne, Switzerland (i.e., Cann-L study) and have agreed that their data were used in other studies.
The main question it aims to answer is:
Do participants who have access to the intervention modules of the web application raise their use of protective behavioral strategies to lower cannabis-related risks?
Researchers will compare the intervention modules to a control module (i.e., information on cannabis-related risks and harm reduction) to see if the web application works to prevent the risks related to cannabis use. They will also compare intervention modules across each other to see whether one works better than another.
Participants will:
- Create a user account in the web application
- Access the web application using a laptop, tablet or smartphone
- Use the web application as they wish throughout the duration of the study
- Complete the regular Cann-L study questionnaires every six months, which will be used to measure their cannabis use and related risks.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 5
- Model description
- Monocentric 5-arm fractional factorial randomized controlled trial.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Condition 1 - Personalized Feedback + Information | Experimental | Behavioral: Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF), Behavioral: InformationAccess to "Personalized Feedback" module (PF, Study Intervention) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) |
| Condition 2 - Imagine the future + Information | Experimental | Behavioral: Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN), Behavioral: InformationAccess to "Imagine the Future" module (IMAGIN, Study Intervention) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) |
| Condition 3 - Substance-Free Activities Session + Information | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS), Behavioral: InformationAccess to "Substance-Free Activities Session" module (SFAS, Study Intervention) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) |
| Condition 4 - Full Intervention + Information | Experimental | Behavioral: Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF), Behavioral: Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN), Behavioral: Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS), Behavioral: InformationAccess to the full intervention (PF+IMAGIN+SFAS) and "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) |
| Condition 5 - Information only (Control) | Active comparator | Behavioral: InformationAccess to "Information" module (Minimal, Control Intervention) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Eligible participants will be those included in the pilot trial of cannabis sales regulation in Lausanne, Switzerland (Cann-L study).
- being adult (>18 years old),
- having current cannabis use (i.e., use at least once a month over the last 6 months)
- living in the city of Lausanne. To enter the study, they complete an entry assessment verifying their age and proof of residence, and confirming that they have current cannabis use.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Cann-L exclusion criteria comprise:
- being younger than 18 years old,
- being pregnant or breastfeeding,
- having a health condition contraindicating the use of cannabis (e.g., severe psychiatric disorder).
- The consent to participate in the Cann-L parent trial comprises an option to be contacted to participate in sub-studies, including studies on prevention measures. All participants having accepted to be so contacted will be proposed to participate in the present study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF)PF comprises the following content: * Self-reported PBS questionnaire, personalized feedback on PBS, possibility to select strategies to start using or use more often, possibility to set a reminder to use PBS strategies. * Short questionnaire on cannabis use (frequency/number of hours under the influence) and normative feedback on participant's cannabis use as compared to people of same age and gender in the general population and among Cann-L participants. * Question on money spent for cannabis purchase, personalized feedback (total amount spent and corresponding number of grams of cannabis over one year), gamified gauge to picture potential yearly savings, reflection on how to use the saved money, and possibility to set a reminder for money saving objectives. * Questionnaire on cannabis-related consequences, feedback on the level of consequences met, question about which consequence(s) participant might want to think about, and possibility to set a reminder to think about consequences. | Behavioural | Condition 1 - Personalized Feedback + Information, Condition 4 - Full Intervention + Information |
| Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN)Two-task intervention including: 1. Counterfactual thinking: * Description of a recent negative situation related to cannabis use encountered by the participant * Identification of a preventive strategy that would have addressed this situation * Writing a sentence formatted as "If only +preventive strategy, then + description on how the specific past problem would have improved" * Assessment of participant's intention and confidence in using the preventive strategy * Imagining a future situation using this preventive strategy * Possibility to set a reminder of the preventive strategy. 2. Episodic future thinking: * Description of a significant positive event that might occur in the short-term (3 months) and that does not involve cannabis use * Assessment of the importance and enjoyment of this positive event * Encouragement to imagine it as vividly as possible * Suggestion to describe the positive event in detail and to write it down * Possibility to set a reminder of the positive event. | Behavioural | Condition 2 - Imagine the future + Information, Condition 4 - Full Intervention + Information |
| Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS)SFAS includes: * A questionnaire on how participant value different aspects of their life, and feedback on valued domains. * Two open-ended questions on short- and long-term life goals. * A questionnaire assessing time allocation (hours per week allocated to different activities, e.g. socializing, working, etc.), and personalized feedback including the time spent using substances and recovering from their effects. * Gamified exercise to imagine allocating time in a different way. * List of substance-free recreational activities in the region of Lausanne, with possibility to select activities on a "wish-list" including internet hyperlinks. * Possibility to set a reminder of the selected activities. * Single-item questionnaire on stress and mood, and feedback on stress and mood level. * Open-ended question on coping strategies currently used for stress and mood. * List of coping strategies that can be selected. * Possibility to set a reminder of stress/mood coping strategies. | Behavioural | Condition 3 - Substance-Free Activities Session + Information, Condition 4 - Full Intervention + Information |
| InformationMinimal intervention (Control Intervention), consisting of simple, text-only web pages containing information on cannabis effects and health-related risks, cannabis consumption modes, cannabis harm reduction and protective behavioral strategies, as well as hyperlinks to additional resources and online help. | Behavioural | Condition 1 - Personalized Feedback + Information, Condition 2 - Imagine the future + Information, Condition 3 - Substance-Free Activities Session + Information, Condition 4 - Full Intervention + Information, Condition 5 - Information only (Control) |
Primary outcome
Frequency of Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Use as Measured by the PBSM-17 Short Form Scale
Time frame: This outcome will be assessed at 1- and 7-month follow-up.
This outcome will be measured using the Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Use (PBSM-17) Short Form scale, a self-reported 17-item questionnaire measuring the frequency of PBS for cannabis use on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 6 (always).
2 secondary outcomes
Cannabis Use Frequency
Time frame: This outcome will be measured at 1- and 7-month follow-up.
Number of Hours High on a Typical Day
Time frame: This outcome will be measured at 1- and 7-month follow-up.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Jan 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The data collected for this study may be reused and/or transmitted for other studies (including abroad), always in coded form (i.e., deidentified dataset). For each instance of reuse in another study, a data transfer agreement will need to be established.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Jacques Gaume, PhD principal investigator
University of Lausanne Hospitals
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Personalized Feedback on Cannabis Protective Behavioral Strategies, Cannabis Use, Cannabis Expenditures, and Cannabis-Related Consequences (PF), Imagining the Future Using Counterfactual Thinking and Episodic Future Thinking (IMAGIN) and Behavioral Economics-Informed Exercises to Increase Motivation to Engage in Substance-Free Activities (SFAS) in people with Cannabis Use and Harm Reduction, run by Jacques Gaume at 1 site in Switzerland.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: enrolling by invitation, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Switzerland. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Frequency of Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Use as Measured by the PBSM-17 Short Form Scale (time frame: This outcome will be assessed at 1- and 7-month follow-up.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Jan 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 31 Oct 2026.