Periodontal DiseasesacpcNCT07166276
Association of Coffee With Periodontal Status
An observational study of Periodontal Diseases, run by Tuğba ŞAHİN at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
A total of 318 patients applying to Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University will be included in the study. Based on anamnesis, radiographic examination, and the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases, the participants will be categorized into three groups: periodontal health (n=106), gingivitis (n=106), and… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Periodontal Diseases
- What is being tested?
- coffee
- How many people
- 318 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 19 Nov 2024to 28 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Individuals with periodontitis, gingivitis, and periodontal disease
Who may be able to join
- Healthy individuals were between 18 and 65 years
Who cannot join
- Individuals were excluded if they had smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime, were current smokers, had a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, were pregnant, or were breastfeeding.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University
Bolu, Bolu, 14030
About this study
Official title: Association of Coffee Consumption With Periodontal Health and Disease: An Observational Study
A total of 318 patients applying to Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University will be included in the study. Based on anamnesis, radiographic examination, and the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases, the participants will be categorized into three groups: periodontal health (n=106), gingivitis (n=106), and periodontitis (n=106). Information regarding participants' coffee consumption habits and their daily coffee intake will be collected. Clinical parameters to be measured will include plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level.
The frequency of coffee consumption will be evaluated as daily, 1-2 times per week, 3-4 times per week, once per month, twice per month, and once per year. The amount of coffee consumed at a single occasion (cup, glass, mug, etc.) will also be recorded. In caffeinated coffee consumption, the preference for weak, moderate, or strong coffee, as well as consumption with milk, condensed milk, sugar, honey, or sweeteners will be assessed. For Turkish coffee, the consumption pattern will be categorized as unsweetened, moderately sweetened, or sweetened.
- Conditions
- Periodontal Diseases
- Being tested
- coffee
- Keywords
- coffee, periodontal disease, periodontitis
- Medical subject headings
- Periodontal Diseases, Periodontitis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
coffeeOther
The type of coffee consumed, the daily amount of coffee, and the frequency of consumption were measured.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Periodontitis | It refers to a chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth, characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, with pocket formation and/or gingival recession. Receives: Other: coffee | |
| Gingivitis | It refers to a reversible inflammation of the gingival tissues without loss of periodontal attachment. The condition is primarily induced by dental plaque accumulation and is characterized clinically by signs such as gingival redness, swelling, and bleeding on probing. Receives: Other: coffee | |
| Periodontal health | Periodontal health refers to the absence of clinical signs of inflammation in the periodontium, with stable supporting tissues and no evidence of attachment loss or bone destruction. Receives: Other: coffee |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
periodontal pocket depth
physical methods to measure the distance from the bottom of a pocket to a reference line, usually the gingival margin or the cemento-enamel junction.
Measured: Baseline
bleeding on probing
To test for bleeding after probing, the probe is carefully introduced to the bottom of the pocket and gently moved laterally along the pocket wall. + is maximum and - is minimum.
Measured: baseline
Frequency of consumption of coffee
the frequency of fermented foods is measured. The foods questioned were evaluated using a 7-point Likert-type frequency form (every day, 3-4 per week, 1-2 per week, 2 per month, 1 per month, never). In addition, the amounts of foods consumed each time were recorded, and the daily consumption amounts were obtained by dividing them by the frequency of consumption.
Measured: baseline
Secondary outcomes (3)
plaque index
an index for estimating the status of oral hygiene by measuring dental plaque that occurs in the areas adjacent to the gingival margin. 0 is minimum and 3 is maximum. The situation worsens as the score increases.
Measured: baseline
gingival index
The Gingival Index (GI) scores each site on a 0 to 3 scale, with 0 being normal and 3 being severe inflammation characterized by edema, redness, swelling, and spontaneous bleeding. 0 is minimum and 3 is maximum. The situation worsens as the score increases.
Measured: baseline
clinical attachment level
The clinical attachment level (CAL) and radiographically assessed bone levels are used to assess the loss of periodontal tissue support in periodontitis, a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease of the periodontium.
Measured: baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Sep 2025
- Study start19 Nov 2024
- Primary completion28 Jul 2025
- Study completion28 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Periodontal DiseasesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 318 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tuğba ŞAHİN
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Tuğba ŞAHİN, Abant Izzet Baysal University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07166276
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024/311
- Acronym
- acpc
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 3 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 3 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Association of Coffee Consumption With Periodontal Health and Disease: An Observational Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07166276
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- acpc / 2024/311
- Conditions
- Periodontal Diseases
- Keywords
- coffee, periodontal disease, periodontitis
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 318 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tuğba ŞAHİNUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 19 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
A total of 318 patients applying to Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University will be included in the study. Based on anamnesis, radiographic examination, and the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases, the participants will be categorized into three groups: periodontal health (n=106), gingivitis (n=106), and periodontitis (n=106). Information regarding participants' coffee consumption habits and their daily coffee intake will be collected. Clinical parameters to be measured will include plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level.
The frequency of coffee consumption will be evaluated as daily, 1-2 times per week, 3-4 times per week, once per month, twice per month, and once per year. The amount of coffee consumed at a single occasion (cup, glass, mug, etc.) will also be recorded. In caffeinated coffee consumption, the preference for weak, moderate, or strong coffee, as well as consumption with milk, condensed milk, sugar, honey, or sweeteners will be assessed. For Turkish coffee, the consumption pattern will be categorized as unsweetened, moderately sweetened, or sweetened.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Periodontitis | – | Other: coffeeIt refers to a chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth, characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, with pocket formation and/or gingival recession. |
| Gingivitis | – | Other: coffeeIt refers to a reversible inflammation of the gingival tissues without loss of periodontal attachment. The condition is primarily induced by dental plaque accumulation and is characterized clinically by signs such as gingival redness, swelling, and bleeding on probing. |
| Periodontal health | – | Other: coffeePeriodontal health refers to the absence of clinical signs of inflammation in the periodontium, with stable supporting tissues and no evidence of attachment loss or bone destruction. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Individuals with periodontitis, gingivitis, and periodontal disease
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Healthy individuals were between 18 and 65 years
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Individuals were excluded if they had smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime, were current smokers, had a diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, were pregnant, or were breastfeeding.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| coffeeThe type of coffee consumed, the daily amount of coffee, and the frequency of consumption were measured. | Other | Gingivitis, Periodontal health, Periodontitis |
Primary outcome
periodontal pocket depth
Time frame: Baseline
physical methods to measure the distance from the bottom of a pocket to a reference line, usually the gingival margin or the cemento-enamel junction.
bleeding on probing
Time frame: baseline
To test for bleeding after probing, the probe is carefully introduced to the bottom of the pocket and gently moved laterally along the pocket wall. + is maximum and - is minimum.
Frequency of consumption of coffee
Time frame: baseline
the frequency of fermented foods is measured. The foods questioned were evaluated using a 7-point Likert-type frequency form (every day, 3-4 per week, 1-2 per week, 2 per month, 1 per month, never). In addition, the amounts of foods consumed each time were recorded, and the daily consumption amounts were obtained by dividing them by the frequency of consumption.
3 secondary outcomes
plaque index
Time frame: baseline
gingival index
Time frame: baseline
clinical attachment level
Time frame: baseline
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Aug 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Periodontal Diseases, run by Tuğba ŞAHİN at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
periodontal pocket depth (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Aug 2026.