Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)VR-LBPREHABNCT07172828
Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation in Chronic Low Back Pain: Effects on Muscle Architecture, Balance, and Satisfaction (VR-LBPREHAB)
A study testing Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation in people with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) and Musculoskeletal Pain, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Chronic low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder that causes pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. It is often related to changes in trunk muscle function, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and impaired balance control. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP), Musculoskeletal Pain, Postural Balance
- What is being tested?
- Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 48 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 13 Oct 2025to 25 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 18-65 years.
- Chronic low back pain persisting for ≥ 3 months.
- Literacy and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score > 21.
- Voluntary participation with signed informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Malignancy.
- Pregnancy.
- History of epilepsy (including photosensitive seizures), dementia, migraine, or other neurological disorders limiting VR use.
- Surgery within the past 6 months.
- Received physiotherapy or rehabilitation services in the past 6 months.
- Presence of acute infection.
- Unhealed fracture.
- Withdrawal of informed consent at any stage of the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Investigation of the Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation on Muscle Architecture, Balance Control, and Patient Satisfaction in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain
Chronic low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder that causes pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. It is often related to changes in trunk muscle function, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and impaired balance control. Although conventional motor control exercises are effective, patient motivation and adherence can be limited. Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation offers interactive and engaging environments that may improve compliance and provide additional therapeutic benefits.
This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to investigate the effects of VR-based rehabilitation compared with conventional motor control exercises in individuals with chronic low back pain. A total of 40-50 participants aged 18-65 will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) VR-based rehabilitation or (2) conventional exercise therapy. Both programs will last 8 weeks, delivered three times per week for 40 minutes per session.
Read more
The primary outcomes include muscle architecture assessed by ultrasound imaging, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and postural balance control measured by force platform tests. Secondary outcomes include pain intensity, disability, fear-avoidance beliefs, quality of life, and patient satisfaction.
The findings of this study are expected to provide new insights into the role of VR in rehabilitation and contribute to evidence-based strategies for managing chronic low back pain. By exploring the effects on both physical and patient-reported outcomes, the study may highlight innovative approaches to improve adherence, reduce pain, and enhance daily function in affected individuals.
Read the detailed description
Chronic low back pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition associated with altered muscle activation, impaired postural control, and thoracolumbar fascia changes that may contribute to persistent pain and disability. Conventional rehabilitation approaches such as stabilization and motor control exercises are widely recommended, yet patient adherence and motivation often limit their effectiveness.
Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation integrates visual, auditory, and interactive elements that can enhance engagement, provide distraction from pain, and encourage more consistent exercise participation. While VR interventions have shown benefits in populations such as stroke, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis, the evidence in chronic low back pain remains limited.
This randomized controlled trial is designed to investigate the clinical and functional effects of VR-based rehabilitation compared with conventional motor control exercises in individuals with chronic low back pain. The intervention will combine traditional physiotherapy approaches with VR-based exercises to evaluate potential improvements in muscle architecture, balance control, and patient-centered outcomes such as satisfaction and adherence.
The study will contribute novel data on the feasibility and effectiveness of VR-based rehabilitation in chronic low back pain, with the goal of providing physiotherapists and clinicians with evidence to guide innovative treatment strategies. The adapted approach is expected to promote adherence, improve functional outcomes, and address gaps in the current literature on VR applications in musculoskeletal rehabilitation.
- Being tested
- Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation, Conventional Motor Control Exercises
- Keywords
- Low Back Pain, Virtual Reality Rehabilitation, Muscle Architecture, Thoracolumbar Fascia, Balance Control, Exercise Therapy
- Medical subject headings
- Musculoskeletal Pain, Low Back Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual Reality-Based RehabilitationBehavioural
Also called VR-Based Exercise, VR Rehabilitation
Participants receive 20 minutes of motor control exercises combined with 20 minutes of Pilates-inspired virtual reality games (5 repetitions per set). Training will be delivered three times per week, 40 minutes per session, for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total).
Conventional Motor Control ExercisesBehavioural
Also called Progressive Stabilization Exercises, Standard Exercise Therapy
Participants perform 40 minutes of progressive spinal stabilization and motor control exercises (10 repetitions per set), three times per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Group | Experimental | Participants receive 20 minutes of motor control exercises combined with 20 minutes of Pilates-based virtual reality games (5 repetitions per set), delivered three times per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). Receives: Behavioral: Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation |
| Conventional Rehabilitation Group | Active comparator | Participants perform 40 minutes of progressive spinal stabilization and motor control exercises (10 repetitions per set), delivered three times per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). Receives: Behavioral: Conventional Motor Control Exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Transversus Abdominis Thickness (mm)
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Internal Oblique Thickness (mm)
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in External Oblique Thickness (mm)
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Rectus Abdominis Thickness (mm)
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Thoracolumbar Fascia Thickness (mm)
Measured bilaterally at L3 level in prone position.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Thoracolumbar Fascia Morphology (categorical)
ssessed bilaterally at L3 level in prone position (regular vs. irregular morphology).
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Postural Sway (mm)
Anterior-posterior and medio-lateral sway measured by force platform (Freemed, Sensor Medica).
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Limits of Stability (mm/°/s)
Maximum excursion, reaction time, movement velocity, and directional control measured by force platform (Freemed, Sensor Medica).
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Secondary outcomes (11)
Pain Intensity
Pain severity measured using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (0-10).
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Functional Disability
Functional status assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Functional Disability
Functional status assessed with the Back Performance Scale.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Lumbar Paravertebral Muscle Stiffness (N/m)
Assessed with MyotonPRO at bilateral L5.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Lumbar Paravertebral Muscle Elasticity (ratio)
Assessed with MyotonPRO at bilateral L5.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Trunk Muscle Endurance (mmHg, seconds)
Endurance of the Transversus Abdominis muscle assessed with the Stabilizer Pressure Biofeedback device.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Fear-Avoidance Beliefs
Psychological aspects evaluated using the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ).
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Quality of Life (Nottingham Health Profile Total Score)
Quality of life assessed using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP); includes domains of pain, emotional reaction, sleep, social isolation, physical activity, and energy. Higher scores indicate poorer quality of life.
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Patient Satisfaction
Satisfaction levels assessed using the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0).
Measured: 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Exercise Adherence
Recorded via exercise diary including weekly frequency and duration of sessions.
Measured: During the 8-week intervention.
Body Composition
Body weight, BMI, and body fat percentage measured using a bioimpedance analyzer (Tanita MC180MA).
Measured: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Sep 2025
- Study start13 Oct 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion13 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion25 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Hacettepe UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study is designed as a two-arm randomized controlled trial with parallel assignment. A total of 40-50 participants with chronic low back pain will be randomly allocated to one of two groups: (1) the experimental group, receiving an 8-week virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation program, or (2) the control group, receiving conventional motor control exercises. Each program will be delivered three times per week, 40 minutes per session, for a total of 24 sessions. The parallel assignment model ensures that each participant receives only one type of intervention throughout the study period, allowing for a direct comparison between VR-based rehabilitation and conventional exercise therapy.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, ABDURAHİM ASLIYÜCE, Hacettepe University
- Investigators
- Özlem Ülger, PT, PhD, Study director, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and RehabilitationAbdurahim Aslıyüce, Research Assistant, MSc, PT, Principal investigator, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07172828
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- FTREK25/40
- Acronym
- VR-LBPREHAB
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 26 Aug 2025
- Last updated
- 15 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because of privacy and confidentiality considerations. All data will remain anonymized and securely stored, with access restricted to the research team in accordance with ethics committee approval.
Publications
Taguchi T, Tesarz J, Mense S. The thoracolumbar fascia as a source of low back pain. In: Fascia Research II - Basic Science and Implications for Conventional and Complementary Healthcare. Munich: Elsevier GmbH; 2009:251.
Li R, Li Y, Kong Y, Li H, Hu D, Fu C, Wei Q. Virtual Reality-Based Training in Chronic Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Med Internet Res. 2024 Feb 26;26:e45406. doi: 10.2196/45406.
PubMed 38407948Brea-Gomez B, Torres-Sanchez I, Ortiz-Rubio A, Calvache-Mateo A, Cabrera-Martos I, Lopez-Lopez L, Valenza MC. Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 11;18(22):11806. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211806.
PubMed 34831562Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, Hoy D, Karppinen J, Pransky G, Sieper J, Smeets RJ, Underwood M; Lancet Low Back Pain Series Working Group. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2356-2367. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
PubMed 29573870Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G, March L, Brooks P, Blyth F, Woolf A, Vos T, Buchbinder R. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Jun;64(6):2028-37. doi: 10.1002/art.34347. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
PubMed 22231424
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigation of the Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation on Muscle Architecture, Balance Control, and Patient Satisfaction in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07172828
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VR-LBPREHAB / FTREK25/40
- Keywords
- Low Back Pain, Virtual Reality Rehabilitation, Muscle Architecture, Thoracolumbar Fascia, Balance Control, Exercise Therapy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 13 Oct 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 13 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 25 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 15 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Chronic low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder that causes pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. It is often related to changes in trunk muscle function, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and impaired balance control. Although conventional motor control exercises are effective, patient motivation and adherence can be limited. Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation offers interactive and engaging environments that may improve compliance and provide additional therapeutic benefits.
This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to investigate the effects of VR-based rehabilitation compared with conventional motor control exercises in individuals with chronic low back pain. A total of 40-50 participants aged 18-65 will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) VR-based rehabilitation or (2) conventional exercise therapy. Both programs will last 8 weeks, delivered three times per week for 40 minutes per session.
The primary outcomes include muscle architecture assessed by ultrasound imaging, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and postural balance control measured by force platform tests. Secondary outcomes include pain intensity, disability, fear-avoidance beliefs, quality of life, and patient satisfaction.
The findings of this study are expected to provide new insights into the role of VR in rehabilitation and contribute to evidence-based strategies for managing chronic low back pain. By exploring the effects on both physical and patient-reported outcomes, the study may highlight innovative approaches to improve adherence, reduce pain, and enhance daily function in affected individuals.
Detailed description
Chronic low back pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition associated with altered muscle activation, impaired postural control, and thoracolumbar fascia changes that may contribute to persistent pain and disability. Conventional rehabilitation approaches such as stabilization and motor control exercises are widely recommended, yet patient adherence and motivation often limit their effectiveness.
Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation integrates visual, auditory, and interactive elements that can enhance engagement, provide distraction from pain, and encourage more consistent exercise participation. While VR interventions have shown benefits in populations such as stroke, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis, the evidence in chronic low back pain remains limited.
This randomized controlled trial is designed to investigate the clinical and functional effects of VR-based rehabilitation compared with conventional motor control exercises in individuals with chronic low back pain. The intervention will combine traditional physiotherapy approaches with VR-based exercises to evaluate potential improvements in muscle architecture, balance control, and patient-centered outcomes such as satisfaction and adherence.
The study will contribute novel data on the feasibility and effectiveness of VR-based rehabilitation in chronic low back pain, with the goal of providing physiotherapists and clinicians with evidence to guide innovative treatment strategies. The adapted approach is expected to promote adherence, improve functional outcomes, and address gaps in the current literature on VR applications in musculoskeletal rehabilitation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study is designed as a two-arm randomized controlled trial with parallel assignment. A total of 40-50 participants with chronic low back pain will be randomly allocated to one of two groups: (1) the experimental group, receiving an 8-week virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation program, or (2) the control group, receiving conventional motor control exercises. Each program will be delivered three times per week, 40 minutes per session, for a total of 24 sessions. The parallel assignment model ensures that each participant receives only one type of intervention throughout the study period, allowing for a direct comparison between VR-based rehabilitation and conventional exercise therapy.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Virtual Reality-Based RehabilitationParticipants receive 20 minutes of motor control exercises combined with 20 minutes of Pilates-based virtual reality games (5 repetitions per set), delivered three times per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). |
| Conventional Rehabilitation Group | Active comparator | Behavioral: Conventional Motor Control ExercisesParticipants perform 40 minutes of progressive spinal stabilization and motor control exercises (10 repetitions per set), delivered three times per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Age 18-65 years.
- Chronic low back pain persisting for ≥ 3 months.
- Literacy and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score > 21.
- Voluntary participation with signed informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Malignancy.
- Pregnancy.
- History of epilepsy (including photosensitive seizures), dementia, migraine, or other neurological disorders limiting VR use.
- Surgery within the past 6 months.
- Received physiotherapy or rehabilitation services in the past 6 months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality-Based RehabilitationAlso: VR-Based Exercise, VR RehabilitationParticipants receive 20 minutes of motor control exercises combined with 20 minutes of Pilates-inspired virtual reality games (5 repetitions per set). Training will be delivered three times per week, 40 minutes per session, for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). | Behavioural | Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Group |
| Conventional Motor Control ExercisesAlso: Progressive Stabilization Exercises, Standard Exercise TherapyParticipants perform 40 minutes of progressive spinal stabilization and motor control exercises (10 repetitions per set), three times per week for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total). | Behavioural | Conventional Rehabilitation Group |
Primary outcome
Change in Transversus Abdominis Thickness (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position.
Change in Internal Oblique Thickness (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position
Change in External Oblique Thickness (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position
Change in Rectus Abdominis Thickness (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Measured by ultrasound in supine hook-lying position
Change in Thoracolumbar Fascia Thickness (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Measured bilaterally at L3 level in prone position.
Change in Thoracolumbar Fascia Morphology (categorical)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
ssessed bilaterally at L3 level in prone position (regular vs. irregular morphology).
Change in Postural Sway (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Anterior-posterior and medio-lateral sway measured by force platform (Freemed, Sensor Medica).
Change in Limits of Stability (mm/°/s)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Maximum excursion, reaction time, movement velocity, and directional control measured by force platform (Freemed, Sensor Medica).
11 secondary outcomes
Pain Intensity
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Functional Disability
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Functional Disability
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Lumbar Paravertebral Muscle Stiffness (N/m)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Lumbar Paravertebral Muscle Elasticity (ratio)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Trunk Muscle Endurance (mmHg, seconds)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Fear-Avoidance Beliefs
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Change in Quality of Life (Nottingham Health Profile Total Score)
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Patient Satisfaction
Time frame: 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Exercise Adherence
Time frame: During the 8-week intervention.
Body Composition
Time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Sep 2025.
- BackgroundTaguchi T, Tesarz J, Mense S. The thoracolumbar fascia as a source of low back pain. In: Fascia Research II - Basic Science and Implications for Conventional and Complementary Healthcare. Munich: Elsevier GmbH; 2009:251.
- Background: PubMed 38407948Li R, Li Y, Kong Y, Li H, Hu D, Fu C, Wei Q. Virtual Reality-Based Training in Chronic Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Med Internet Res. 2024 Feb 26;26:e45406. doi: 10.2196/45406.
- Background: PubMed 34831562Brea-Gomez B, Torres-Sanchez I, Ortiz-Rubio A, Calvache-Mateo A, Cabrera-Martos I, Lopez-Lopez L, Valenza MC. Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 11;18(22):11806. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211806.
- Background: PubMed 29573870Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, Hoy D, Karppinen J, Pransky G, Sieper J, Smeets RJ, Underwood M; Lancet Low Back Pain Series Working Group. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2356-2367. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
- Background: PubMed 22231424Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G, March L, Brooks P, Blyth F, Woolf A, Vos T, Buchbinder R. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Jun;64(6):2028-37. doi: 10.1002/art.34347. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because of privacy and confidentiality considerations. All data will remain anonymized and securely stored, with access restricted to the research team in accordance with ethics committee approval.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Özlem Ülger, PT, PhD study director
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
Abdurahim Aslıyüce, Research Assistant, MSc, PT principal investigator
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation in people with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) and Musculoskeletal Pain, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Abdurahim Aslıyüce, MSc, PT (+905422476991, abdurahimasliyuce@hacettepe.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Transversus Abdominis Thickness (mm) (time frame: Baseline, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months.). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07172828, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Sep 2025.